RU2486395C1 - Ball valve - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: ball valve includes a body with inlet, outlet and drain adapters, a ball gate with a shaft and a lower support, ball gate seal, shaft seal, a spring-loaded rack interacting with a gear wheel of the shaft and along the edge with the drive stock. Drain adapter axis is located at an angle and passes through the centre of the ball gate. Ball gate seal is made in the form of a ring with trapezoidal section. In the body perpendicular to inlet and outlet adapters there is a groove with a wall, in which a hole and a groove are made. Support sleeve is located in the groove. On the shaft there installed is a seal in the form of a ring of trapezoidal section with inner groove interacting with the support sleeve and along the edge with the body wall edge. Drain seal is made in the form of a cuff. The cuff is installed on cylindrical surface of the drain adapter and interacts through a sealing edge to the ball gate.

EFFECT: reduction of turning moment of the gate with the shaft; improvement of the valve service life and its tightness at operation under conditions of high inlet pressure and low temperatures of components.

2 cl, 9 dwg

Description

The invention relates to valve manufacturing, in particular to ball valves with remote control, and is intended for use in conditions of high inlet pressures, for example, in rocketry for starting and cutting off components in engine assemblies.

Known three- or four-way ball valve (application FR 2653522, IPC F16K 5/06), comprising a housing, a spherical shutter, a drive rod, a seal of a spherical shutter, a seal of the actuator rod. The disadvantage of this ball valve is that the spherical shutter does not have supports in the housing, thereby the entire force is perceived by the seals and at high inlet pressures the torque of the ball valve increases significantly.

Known ball valve (patent DE 3905241, IPC F16K 5/06), comprising a housing, a spherical body, guide bowls, a drive shaft. The disadvantage of this ball valve is that at high input pressures of the working fluid significantly increases the moment of rotation of the ball body.

Known valve with a spherical rotating plug (application FR 2646488, IPC F16K 5/06, 27/06), comprising a housing, a spherical rotating plug, a seat. The disadvantage of this valve with a spherical rotating plug is that at high inlet pressures from the inlet side of the valve, the moment of rotation of the plug increases significantly.

Known ball valve (patent RU 2302574, IPC F16K 5/20), comprising a housing, a spindle located therein, a ball plug and a seal assembly in the form of split ring seats. The disadvantage of this design is the use of elastic sealing rings with a complex design of the seal.

Known double-acting ball valve for high inlet pressures (patent RU 2267683, IPC F16K 5/20, 27/06), comprising a housing, a drive shaft, a ball locking element, seat-seals and compression devices. The disadvantage of this design is the increased friction moment when the ball valve is opened to open at high inlet pressures.

Known electromagnetic direct-flow valve (patent RU 2371625, IPC F16K 31/02), comprising a housing with a supply pipe, an electromagnetic actuator, a saddle, a sealing element (ring).

The disadvantage of this design is the increased mass of the electromagnet during valve operation at high inlet pressures.

Known ball valve (application US 4678161, IPC F16K 5/06, K 25/00) containing a housing, a spherical shutter, ring gaskets, holders, a rotary shaft, a shaft seal, a support shaft.

The disadvantages of the ball valve include the difficulty in ensuring a tight fit of the spherical shutter to the surface of the rotary and support shafts and ring gaskets, and the inability to provide a small moment on the spherical shutter during the operation of the ball valve at high inlet pressures.

A device is known (application DE 4141287 A1, IPC F16K 39/06, 5/20, 5/06) comprising a housing, a ball valve with a shaft and a lower support, made in one piece. The disadvantages of this design include the inability to use the design when operating at low temperatures due to the use of rubber seals, as well as the use of a lever to ensure the operation of the device, which is difficult when using the device offline.

Known vacuum valve (application SU 391325 A1, class IPC F16K 5/06, 31/54, 5/06) containing a housing, seats, seal, locking element, membranes, lever. The disadvantage of this crane is the inability to use membranes at high inlet pressures.

Known locking device (application SU 839450 A3, class IPC F16K 5/06, 5/20, 5/06), comprising a housing, inlet and outlet pipes, a locking tube with a drainage channel located at an angle relative to the inlet and outlet pipes, sealing element and support cuffs. The disadvantages of this design include the increased friction moment when triggered by opening and closing at high inlet pressures, caused by pre-pressing the support cuffs and the sealing element with nuts and the effect of high pressure on the non-standardized area between the seals and the ball valve, the complexity of manufacturing the drainage channel in the stopper plug, increased hydraulic resistance and partial contact of the sealing element with the locking plug with the closed locking device ve.

Closest to the invention in technical essence is a ball valve (application RU 2285852, IPC F16K 31/122, 31/54, 5/6 - prototype), comprising a housing, input and output channels, axles interacting with a ball valve, gear and rail , saddles and sealing units.

The disadvantage of the design adopted for the prototype should include the complexity of manufacturing a saddle and a sealing assembly and the inability to use the design at low temperatures.

The aim of the invention is to simplify the design, reduce the moment of rotation of the shutter with the shaft, increase the resource, increase the tightness with the operation of the unit when operating at high inlet pressures and low temperatures of the components.

The problem is solved as follows.

In a known device comprising a housing with inlet, outlet and drainage adapters, a ball valve with a shaft and a lower support mounted in ball bearings, a ball valve seal, a shaft seal, a spring-loaded rail interacting with the gear of the shaft and at the end with the actuator rod, drainage adapter, whose axis is located at an angle and passes through the center of the ball valve, according to the invention, the seal of the ball valve is made in the form of a trapezoidal section, in the housing perpendicular to the input adapters and you a groove is made with a wall in which a hole is made and a groove in which the support sleeve is installed, a seal is installed on the shaft in the form of a trapezoidal section ring with an internal groove interacting with the support sleeve, and a cylindrical one is made at the end with the end of the housing wall in the drainage adapter the surface, and the drainage seal is made in the form of a cuff mounted on the cylindrical surface of the drainage adapter and the interacting sealing edge with a ball valve.

In the closed position of the ball valve, the ball valve channel is located at an angle relative to the axis of the channels of the input and output adapters of the ball valve.

The implementation of the rings with a trapezoidal cross section allows for a tight preload of the thinned end parts of the seals with pressure and springs to ensure tightness.

The installation on the shaft of the ring with an internal groove interacting with the support sleeve, and at the end with the end of the housing wall, ensures the operation of the ball valve when operating at high inlet pressures and low temperatures of the components due to the separation of the input-output cavity with the rail cavity and application as a material for the manufacture of fluoroplast-4 rings.

The cuff is mounted on the cylindrical surface of the drainage adapter and interacts with the sealing lip with the ball valve, this eliminates the extrusion of the cuff at high inlet pressures in the open position of the valve.

In the closed position of the ball valve, the ball valve channel is located at an angle relative to the axis of the channels of the ball valve inlet and outlet adapters, which allows the ball valve to be rotated by an angle less than 90 ° and thereby reduce the actuator stroke to fully open the valve, for example, which is very important when used in as an electromagnet drive.

The gap between the input adapter and the ball valve is minimal. This is due to the fact that the use of the ball valve is planned at high pressures, under such operating conditions, the seal of the ball valve made of fluoroplastic-4 works beyond the yield strength for fluoroplastic-4 and can be squeezed out into the gap between the adapter under high pressure under extreme pressure entrance and ball valve, which will entail a loss of tightness.

The area between the inner diameter of the inlet adapter and the diameter of the sealing lip of the ring is minimized, which, at high operating pressures, allows for minimal efforts to compress the seal to the ball valve and thereby reduce the moment of rotation of the ball valve. The use of a ball valve is planned in rocket technology, for its operation it is necessary to use a drive, for example an electromagnet, of minimum weight with minimum traction, while tightness must be ensured at the place of sealing of the ball valve.

The gap between the drainage adapter and the ball valve is minimal, similar to the design of the input adapter.

The area between the large diameter of the lip of the cuff interacting with the ball valve and the cylindrical surface of the drainage adapter is minimal, similar to the design of the input adapter installation.

The proposed ball valve is presented in figures 1-9, where 1 is a housing;

2 - input adapter;

3 - output adapter;

4 - shaft cover;

5 - cover;

6 - ball valve;

7, 16 - ring;

8, 20, 25, 28 - springs;

9, 10, 18, 19, 21, 27 - supports;

11, 22, 31 - snap rings;

12 - ball bearings;

13 - thrust ball bearing;

14, 30 - sleeve;

15, 34, 35 - adjusting washers;

17 - supporting sleeve;

23 - rail;

24 - a rod of a drive;

26 - cuff;

29 - drainage adapter;

32 - flare nut;

33 - a persistent ring.

Figure 1 shows a General view of a ball valve in section; figure 2 is a section aa of the ball valve; figure 3 is a section bb ball valve; figure 4-6 - remote elements G, D, E; 7-9 - rings of the trapezoidal section, pos.7, 16, and the cuff, pos.26.

1-3 give an overview of the design of a ball valve. 4-9 show in detail some design features.

The valve consists of a housing 1, input and output adapters 2, 3, a shaft cover 4 and a cover 5. A ball valve 6 is installed in the housing 1, interacting with the ring 7, which is pressed by the support 9 by means of a spring 8, which interacts along the end with the support 10, which is fixed in the groove of the housing by the locking ring 11. Ball bearings 12 and a thrust ball bearing 13 are installed in the housing 1. The ball bearings 12 interact in the inner diameter with the ball valve 6, and in the outer diameter with the housing 1. At the ends, the ball bearings 12 interact with the housing 1, the sleeve 14, the cover 5 and the adjusting washers 15, which interact with the housing 1. The thrust bearing interacts with the ball of one ball in the inner diameter and end with the shaft of the ball valve, and the other ring interacts in the outer diameter and end with the shaft cover 4, which interacts in the end with adjusting washers 15.

To ensure the tightness of the internal cavities of the unit along the shaft of the ball valve 6, a ring 16 is installed, which interacts with the housing 1 at the end, and interacts with the supporting sleeve 17 and the ball valve shaft along the inner diameter. On a conical surface, the ring 16 interacts with the support 18, which is pressed by the support 19 and a spring 20 abutting against the support 21, which interacts with the retaining ring 22 installed in the groove of the housing 1.

A gear wheel is made on the ball valve 6, which interacts with the rail 23. The rail at the end interacts with the actuator stem 24 and is pressed by the spring 25, which interacts along the end with the adjusting washers 15 to select the necessary spring force.

The ball valve 6 interacts with a cuff 26, which is pressed along the conical surface by a support 27 and a spring 28 installed in the drainage fitting 29.

The rod 23 in diameter interacts with a sleeve 30, which is fixed in the housing by a locking ring 31. The actuator is installed using a union nut 32 and a thrust ring 33, while the combination of the actuator stem and valve rail is provided by adjusting washers 34 and 35.

The ball valve operates as follows. In the initial position, the ring 7 fits snugly along the sealing edge to the ball valve 6, ensuring tightness, while the passage section along the line of Entry-Exit adapters is closed, and the passage section along the line of Admittance-Drainage adapters is open. When a command is issued to the actuator, the actuator stem 24 acts on the spring-loaded rail 23, which, through gearing with a ball valve, rotates the ball valve 6, opening the passage section along the line of the Entry-Exit adapters, while the passage section to the line of the Drainage adapter closes. After opening the valve, the tightness along the line of the Drainage adapter is ensured by the snug fit of the lip of the sleeve 26 to the ball valve 6. When the actuator is turned off under the action of the spring 25, the rail returns to its original position, ensuring that the ball valve 6 rotates in the opposite direction, while the ball valve 6 returns to the initial position and the valve closes along the "Inlet-Exit" line and opens along the "Outlet-Drainage" line.

Since the use of a ball valve is assumed in conditions of high inlet pressures, for example, in rocket technology, the following materials are used for the manufacture of parts: steel 12X18H10T, 06X15H6MVFB-Sh, 07X16H6; Bronze BrB2; ftoroplast-4 for the rings sealing a spherical lock, and other materials.

Claims (2)

1. A ball valve comprising a housing with inlet, outlet and drainage adapters, a ball valve with a shaft and a lower support installed in ball bearings, a ball valve seal, a shaft seal, a spring-loaded rail interacting with the gear of the shaft and at the end with the actuator rod, drainage adapter, the axis of which is angled and passes through the center of the ball valve, characterized in that the seal of the ball valve is made in the form of a trapezoidal cross-section, in the housing perpendicular to the input and output adapters a groove is made with a wall in which a hole is made and a groove in which the support sleeve is installed, a seal is installed on the shaft in the form of a trapezoidal cross-section ring with an internal groove interacting with the support sleeve, and at the end with the end of the housing wall, a cylindrical one is made in the drainage adapter the surface, and the drainage seal is made in the form of a cuff mounted on the cylindrical surface of the drainage adapter and the interacting sealing edge with a ball valve. 2. The ball valve according to claim 1, characterized in that in the closed position of the ball valve the ball valve channel is located at an angle relative to the axis of the channels of the input and output adapters of the ball valve.

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