RU2475643C2 - Method and device for control of process of simultaneous separate operation of multiple-zone cased wells (versions) and execution module in device (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: method involves lowering of packers and equipment for extraction (pumping) of product in interval of product extraction on tubing string located against each productive formation. Down-hole measurements are performed by sensors. Obtained date is transmitted to ground receiving-processing unit by means of electronic self-powered measurement modules transmitting data signals by tubing string by electromagnetic pulses to common electronic self-powered transmitting module. Module is installed in tubing string assembly above the highest productive formation. Data high-frequency signals are amplified and transmitted to ground receiving-processing unit through rock. Equipment for extraction (pumping) of product is controlled by communication channel or by hydraulic communication channel using independent electronic modules. Modules contain housing in which the following is installed: valve for control of supply (removal) of fluid medium controlled by step-type tiny engine with driving mechanism of valve gate rotation, autonomous power supply unit, receiver of fluid pulses and dipole receiver of electromagnetic oscillations, amplifier modules of decoding device and power amplifier.

EFFECT: improving efficiency of monitoring of simultaneous separate operation of wells by means of provision of reliability of data transmission by two-way wireless communication between well equipment and ground receiving-processing unit.

8 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The group of inventions relates to the field of cased hole exploitation, and in particular to a system for monitoring the state of production multilayer wells and controlling downhole equipment.

The difficulty of obtaining real-time information directly during hydrocarbon production has led to the creation of “smart” wells based on changes in the structural elements of the production casing in conjunction with a computer system connected to surface databases using a cableless communication channel.

The well-known "intelligent" borehole system, including an information cable-free communication channel with the outside world, a complex of borehole monitoring of the phase composition and volumetric flow rate of gas and oil flows, sounding modules for the near-wellbore space (downhole tool) based on structural elements of the casing (Kulchitsky VV Intelligent borehole systems management of hydrocarbon deposits. // "Interval" - Samara, No. 3, 2002, p.77-80).

Between the sections of casing pipes of the production string at the depth of the planned measurements, electrical dividers are installed with retaining rings acting as a borehole dipole of the electromagnetic communication channel.

A cableless production telemetry system (BETS) is lowered inside the production casing at overshot, which includes a downhole tool with an autonomous power supply, measuring and transmitting modules. Elastic centralizers center the downhole tool and provide contact between the downhole dipole from two electrically separated parts of the production string and its walls. From the contact points, the voltage is transmitted to the elements of the external radiating dipole and further to the rock. An object ground interface device (USO) receives and processes depth information in real time.

The disadvantage of this method of measuring and transmitting data is that it is necessary to electrically isolate the casing in the contact zone with the producing formation from the formation. This is possible only in new wells, and commissioned wells this method is not feasible.

There is a method of measuring pressure and transmitting information in a production well, including a descent into the interval of product production on tubing in conjunction with a rod pump of a depth gauge containing a pressure sensor and a device for transmitting pressure information via a wireless communication channel, performing pressure measurement and transmitting information to the surface, in which the distance h from the roof of the reservoir to the end of the filter of the sucker rod pump is determined, and for transmitting pressure information using wireless electromagnetic communications channel, wherein the transmission device is provided with information about the electric pressure separator, ending at the bottom electrode, which is placed in the housing a pressure sensor, wherein the divider operate with a variable base, the maximum length of which is selected from the condition

L _max = (h-ΔL _k ) × n,

where h is the distance from the roof of the reservoir to the end of the filter of the sucker rod pump, m;

ΔL _k is the magnitude of the change in the length of the tubing string from temperature, m;

n is a geometric coefficient, varying from 1 to 1.01.

Also, additional pressure sensors are used to measure the pressure, while the pressure sensors are connected in a garland and separated from each other by electrical insulators, and the number of pressure sensors in the garland is equal to the number of reservoirs. Moreover, the pressure sensors are located opposite the middle of the corresponding reservoir (US Pat. RF No. 2281391, publ. 08/10/2006).

The disadvantage of this method is as follows.

The quality of the incoming information from stand-alone devices via the electromagnetic communication channel is influenced by several factors, namely:

- the remoteness of the stand-alone device, installed at a considerable depth in the well, from the receiving-transmitting device on the surface of the well;

- a significant value of the casing shielding surface, when passing through which the useful signal noticeably attenuates and is distorted.

As a result, a signal is received on the receiving-transmitting device on the surface, which does not contain complete and reliable information from autonomous devices.

A device is known for transmitting information about technological parameters from a well, including a self-contained device installed in a well under an electric centrifugal pump, comprising recording and recording equipment, power batteries and an information archive with a receiver and transmitter for electromagnetic communication connected to it and a transmitter-receiver unit installed at the wellhead device, characterized in that it contains repeaters installed in the well above the stand-alone device, having stand-alone power (Utility model patent number 88385, publ. 10.11.2009).

A disadvantage of the known device, which implements the specified method of amplifying the transmitted signal by using a repeater for each stand-alone device, is that the method does not provide for real-time control of the production mode from the surface via a wireless communication channel between the product extraction equipment and the ground receiving a processing device, which reduces the effectiveness of its application in practice.

A known method of pump-compressor production of fluid from a wellbore, implemented by lowering a plunger lift into a well on a pipe, the plunger of which is equipped with a sensor for measuring parameters at the bottom of the well, self-powered and a telemetry system for communicating with a ground receiving device via a wireless communication channel (application for invention No. 2005134200, published on 05/10/2007).

According to the application, the measured parameters in the well, such as temperature, pressure, fluid velocity, fluid density, reservoir pressure, are transmitted to the surface in real time using wireless communication using a sensor mounted on a plunger (product extraction equipment) between the telemetry device in the plunger and the telemetry device in the receiver. After assessing the condition of the well, depending on the measured parameters, the plunger is controlled from the well surface by a special controller with a valve. Thus, the production mode is controlled in a real time interval.

The disadvantage of this method is that it is implemented provided that the production is carried out in the well from one reservoir, and does not provide for its use in multi-layer simultaneous-separate operation (WEM).

A device is known for the WEM with an electric submersible pump of a multilayer well, during operation with which operations to control the control valve of the electric submersible pump have been carried out. Installation for simultaneous and separate research and operation of an electric submersible pump of a multilayer well contains a control solenoid valve of an electric submersible pump, which can be controlled from the surface using a signal passed through the borehole medium (US Pat. RF No. 2380522, published January 27, 2010).

The disadvantage of the method implemented during the operation of the known device when transmitting a control signal through a medium to an electromagnetic valve is that such a transmission requires the injection of a fluid, such as crude oil, into the annular space between the casing and the downhole pipe, which is associated with additional labor costs, in addition, the method does not provide feedback between the measuring sensors and the receiving-processing device, which does not allow controlling the electric submersible pump depending on changes at the bottom of parameters in real time.

A known method of operating an oil wellbore, using elevator pipes to transmit a control signal to electronic modules mounted on a suspension pipe (tubing) inside the casing (US Pat. RF No. 2273727, published on 04/10/2006, “Oil well and the method of operation of an oil well wells ").

An oil well contains a wellbore and a conductive piping system to which a time-varying electrical signal is applied. At least one electrical module is electrically connected to a portion of the piping system above an electric inductor located concentrically on the outside of the portion of the piping system in close proximity to it. The parameters of the inductor are chosen so that it acts as a series impedance at the frequencies of power transmission in the frequency band of the communication channel of the electrical signal propagating through the mentioned section of the piping system. Carry out the wireless reception of the specified signal by electronic modules in order to influence the operation of at least one electronic module. Electronic modules can be controlled valves or sensors. The well may contain many electronic modules, each of which is configured to send and receive communication signals for communication with other electronic modules located at different depths in the well. The invention improves the quality of control during the operation of wells in real time. (This method is selected as a prototype for the first embodiment of the proposed method and device for its implementation).

A disadvantage of the known invention is as follows:

- the transmission of power and the useful signal through the suspension pipe system (tubing) is accompanied by irrational power losses and leaks at the points of contact with the casing;

- throttle containers attached to the tubing are often damaged during tripping and failures, which reduces the reliability of the entire system;

- if the transmission of the control signal from the surface to the deep electronic modules is quite reliable due to the large power reserve of the ground-based transmitting device, then the reverse transmission of the information signal from the deep sensors is very problematic, since the chokes of each of the electronic modules located in a daisy chain along the tubing provide its electrical isolation from the casing string only at its operating (carrier) frequency. Any deviation from a given operating frequency leads to an increase in leakage, respectively, to a decrease in the value of the useful signal relative to the level of interference, and as a result, loss of useful information and a malfunction in the operation of the entire system as a whole.

Known borehole telemetry system, which contains at least one pressure pulse generator, at least one pressure sensor located in the inner annulus at the wellhead, at least one pressure sensor located in the annulus of the well, and a packer providing hydraulic isolation annulus. Additionally, the system includes at least one sensor located below the packer and recording at least one physical quantity characterizing the bottom-hole zone, a data encoding device located below the packer and reading the readings of the sensor located below the packer and responding to at least one physical quantity, characterizing the bottom-hole zone, a device for modulating pressure pulses generated by a pressure pulse generator located in the annulus below the packer, block data collection located on the surface, converting the output of the sensors and providing data for analysis to the data decoding unit located on the surface.

In addition, the device for modulating pressure pulses can be made in the form of a chamber with wings.

In addition, the pressure pulse generator is a mechanical device capable of increasing or decreasing pressure. In addition, the physical quantity characterizing the bottom-hole zone to which the sensor located below the packer responds is pressure or temperature (US Pat. No. 2382197, publ. 02.20.2010).

When the known system is operating, a method of transmitting data (pressure and temperature) via a hydraulic communication channel from the annulus located under the packer to the data collection unit located on the surface and converts the output of the sensors for further analysis is implemented.

The disadvantage of this method is that it implements data transfer (pressure and temperature) via a hydraulic communication channel from the annulus located under the packer to a data collection unit located on the surface, but the surface control in real time is not provided for time over a wireless communication channel between the equipment for product extraction and the ground receiving and processing device, depending on the readings of downhole sensors, which reduces the efficiency of using information received as a controlling factor.

A known method of simultaneous simultaneous operation of a multilayer well by selectively producing productive formations is carried out by means of receiving valves installed against each formation on the production casing and controlled from the surface of the earth, in which, to maintain optimal production regimes of productive (open) formations, and to reduce the volume of overhead wells operations on the well when changing its operating modes, as well as improving environmental safety in the fishing zone, each established reception The main valve has two stable positions “closed” and “open”, and their transfer from one position to another is carried out by pumping and then dumping excess pressure (supplying a pressure pulse) at the wellhead, with each valve having an individual element that determines its threshold response when applying a pulse, and the moment of opening and closing is achieved by successively applying two pressure pulses: the first - when the pressure is equal to the response pressure of the desired valve, the second - when the pressure avno next valve opening pressure that is configured for minimal pressure; but if there is no valve configured for lower pressure, then the second pulse is not supplied. (RF Application No. 98117102, publ. 06/20/2000).

The disadvantage of this method is that it does not provide for the measurement and transmission of data (pressure and temperature) by downhole sensors via a wireless communication channel from the annulus located under the packer to a data collection unit located on the surface, and control from the surface by the operating mode equipment for product extraction by the ground receiving and processing device does not depend on the readings of downhole sensors, which does not provide real-time monitoring of the equipment operating mode As a result, the information content and effectiveness of the WEM are reduced.

A known group of inventions that relates to the hydraulic control of downhole tools, in particular to methods and devices for determining the position of the state of such hydraulic actuating means. The downhole device for controlling the flow rate of fluid from the formation into the wellbore comprises a valve element configured to control it while in the wellbore. A working fluid is supplied through the fluid line under pressure to move the valve element, allowing fluid to flow into the wellbore. A downhole sensor coupled to a fluid line provides positioning of the valve member.

The method includes supplying a pressurized fluid to a flow control means for moving a control element of the tool to a specific position. Measure the pressure of the supplied fluid at an appropriate time interval for moving the flow control means. The state of the flow control device is determined by the measured pressure of the supplied fluid. The technical result is to increase the accuracy of determining the position of the flow control means (US Pat. RF No. 2383729, publ. 03/10/2010). (This method is selected as a prototype in the second embodiment of the proposed method).

A disadvantage of the known invention lies in the fact that it provides a separate hydraulic control line connected during operation with a slide valve for supplying a hydraulic fluid to enable the valve to transition between these positions, and a downhole pressure sensor connected during operation with the hydraulic control line, giving the ability to determine the pressure of the fluid in it to indicate the position of the spool valve.

Arrangement and installation of a separate hydraulic line is associated with additional costs and emergency situations when lowering the tubing with such lines. In addition, the status of the spool valve is transmitted by the downhole sensor to the ground receiving and processing device using an electric or fiber optic cable, which also reduces the reliability of the device and communication in general. In reference to the possibility of cableless communication between sensors and the surface, a specific embodiment of the technical implementation of such communication is not disclosed, which does not allow us to estimate its range with a large distance of the measuring device installed at a considerable depth in the well during the WEM from the transmitter-receiver on the surface of the well.

The objective of the proposed method is to increase the efficiency of monitoring the process of simultaneous and separate operation of multilayer cased wells by ensuring the reliability of the transmission of information via two-way wireless communication between the downhole equipment and the ground receiving and processing device.

The problem is solved in that in the inventive method of monitoring and controlling the process of simultaneous and separate operation of multilayer cased wells (option 1), which includes packers for descent into the production interval on tubing for separation of productive formations and production equipment (injection ) of a product located opposite each productive formation, conducting downhole measurements with sensors and transmitting the received information using electronic modules to the ground receiving and processing the device via a wireless communication channel, real-time control of equipment for production (injection) of the product using individual electronic modules, information is transmitted to the ground receiving and processing device from measuring sensors using electronic measuring (daughter) self-powered modules transmitting information signals along the tubing string by excitation in it using generator coils of an electric field at a carrier operating frequency different for each decree modules and separated by a range of 20-50 kHz of not less than 5 kHz, to the common electronic transmitting module installed in the tubing layout above the uppermost reservoir, equipped with autonomous power and receiving inductors, and in which high-frequency information signals are amplified and transmitted to ground receiving and processing device through the rock by excitation in it using a dipole emitter of electromagnetic waves at a frequency that provides the minimum screening effect from the casing They are controlled, and the equipment for the extraction (selection) of the product is controlled via an electromagnetic communication channel, while the control signal from the ground receiving and processing device that controls the operation mode of the equipment for the extraction (selection) of the product is transmitted through the rock to individual electronic modules of the specified equipment, using electromagnetic pulses excited in a grounded antenna at a frequency that eliminates the shielding effect t casing string.

According to the second option, in the inventive method of monitoring and controlling the process of simultaneous and separate operation of multilayer cased wells, including the descent into the interval of production (injection) of the product on tubing (tubing) packers for separation of reservoirs and equipment for production (injection) of the product placed opposite each reservoir, conducting downhole measurements with sensors and transmitting the received information to the ground receiving and processing device via a wireless communication channel, controls Equipment for production (injection) of the product via a hydraulic communication channel in real time, information is transmitted to the ground receiving and processing device from measuring sensors using electronic measuring (daughter) modules with autonomous power supplying information signals through the tubing string by excitation in using generator coils of an electric field at a carrier operating frequency different for each of these modules and spaced in the range of 20-50 kHz by at least 5 Hz, to the common electronic transmitting module installed in the tubing layout above the uppermost reservoir, equipped with autonomous power supply and receiving inductors, and in which high-frequency information signals are amplified and transmitted to the ground receiving and processing device through the rock by excitation in it using a dipole emitter of electromagnetic waves at a frequency that provides the minimum screening effect from the casing, and the control of equipment for production (injection) of the product uschestvlyayut using individual electronic modules with a self-powered, which transmit control mode of operation for the extraction equipment (pumping) of the product signal from the terrestrial receiving-processing devices using hydraulic pulses excited in a liquid filling the tubing, hydrodynamic emitter.

For the prototype of the claimed device for implementing the proposed method according to the first embodiment, the device used to transmit a control signal to electronic modules mounted on a suspended pipe (tubing) inside the casing (US Pat. RF No. 2273727, published on 04/10/2006, “Oil well and method of operating an oil wellbore ”).

The known system contains many electronic modules with modems installed on an elevator pipe (tubing) in the well between the packers, and is a control unit that receives signals from measuring sensors to send data to the surface and receives communication signals from the surface to control the operation of downhole valves Real-time product extraction equipment. The electronic modules are connected to the ground receiving and processing device by wireless communication via an elevator pipe (tubing), isolated at a calculated distance by special chokes, by supplying electrical and time-varying communication signals through it to the well in the form of a certain pulse sequence.

The composition of the specified system contains devices for regulating the flow of fluid into the tubing or vice versa, which are controlled valves containing a housing having an inlet window with numerous intermediate positions for controlling the amount of fluid flowing from the tubing or vice versa.

Inside the housing there is a stepper motor for rotating the gear with a worm drive lowering or raising a special cage with a saddle, which prevents the medium from flowing into the valve.

An electronic module is also located inside the housing, which is operatively connected to the valve for communication between the well surface and the valve via a wireless communication channel.

The disadvantage of controlling the production (injection) mode of the product of the electronic module with the valve is that it does not have a unit for autonomous power supply of the device operation circuits. The device is powered by electric current passed through the tubing from the surface of the well, which causes a number of disadvantages described above. In addition, the design of the known electronic modules does not provide for the use of an electromagnetic rock communication channel between them and the ground receiving and processing device, which complicates the layout of the equipment for supplying and controlling electric pulses through the tubing.

In addition, all electronic modules are installed by the sliding method in separately made “pockets” in the tubing wall, which is associated with a change in the tubing profile and an increase in its diameter, which limits the scope, reduces usability and reliability, increases operational labor costs.

The objective of the claimed device for implementing the method is to increase the usability and reliability of the system, reduce operational labor costs and expand the scope.

The problem is solved in that in the device for implementing the proposed method according to the first embodiment, containing packers located on the tubing for separation of productive formations, equipment for product extraction (injection) with executive individual electronic modules and measuring electronic modules located opposite each productive layer, and means wireless communication of electronic modules with a ground receiving and processing device, into a means of wireless communication between measuring electronic modules and ground A receiving (processing) device introduced a common (mother) electronic transmitting module with autonomous power supply, receiving inductors and a dipole emitter of electromagnetic waves at a frequency that provides the minimum screening effect from the casing string, which is installed in the tubing arrangement above the uppermost reservoir, while measuring (daughter) electronic modules are equipped with autonomous power supply and generator coils of the electric field with a carrier operating frequency for transmitting information via The tubing for a common motherboard module, different for each of these modules and spaced in the range of 20-50 kHz by at least 5 kHz, and the individual executive electronic modules of the equipment for the extraction (injection) of the product are equipped with autonomous power and a dipole receiver of electromagnetic waves for receiving signals via an electromagnetic communication channel transmitted from a ground receiving and processing device using a grounded antenna that generates signals through the rock with operating frequencies that exclude screening th effect casing and different for each of the executive of the electronic module.

The composition of the claimed device according to the first embodiment includes an electromechanical fitting for controlling the production mode of the product with electronic units (an individual executive electronic module), comprising a housing in which a valve for regulating the supply (selection) of fluid is installed, controlled by a stepper micromotor with a drive mechanism for rotating the valve shutter element . At the same time, it is equipped with an autonomous power supply unit, a dipole receiver of electromagnetic waves in the form of an electric receiver - a dipole with an insulator, amplifier blocks - a decoder and a power amplifier, and the valve shut-off element is made in the form of a rotary cylinder - aperture with windows of various diameters mounted on a support bearing.

For the prototype of the claimed device for implementing the method according to the second embodiment, a downhole device for controlling the flow of fluid from the formation into the wellbore is adopted, comprising a valve element configured to move when in the wellbore. A working fluid is supplied through the fluid line under pressure to move the valve element with the possibility of passing fluid into the wellbore. The downhole sensor associated with the fluid line, provides a determination of the position of the valve element (US Pat. RF No. 2383729, publ. 03/10/2010).

A device for implementing the method according to the second embodiment is disclosed, comprising packers located on tubing for separating productive formations, equipment for product extraction (injection) with executive individual electronic modules, and measuring (daughter) electronic modules located opposite each productive formation, and electronic wireless communications modules with a ground receiving and processing device, in which to the means of wireless communication between the measuring electronic modules and the ground receiving using a no-processing device, a common (mother) electronic transmitting module was introduced, equipped with autonomous power supply, inductance inductors and a dipole emitter of electromagnetic waves at a frequency that provides the minimum screening effect from the casing, which is installed in the tubing arrangement above the topmost productive formation, while electronic modules are equipped with autonomous power and generator coils of an electric field with a carrier operating frequency for transmitting information to the mother a module that is different for each of these modules and is separated by a range of 20-50 kHz by at least 5 kHz, and the individual executive electronic modules of the equipment for extraction (injection) of the product are equipped with an autonomous power supply unit and are configured to control hydraulic pulses excited from the surface in the fluid filling the tubing, a depression pulse generator located in the well at the wellhead.

The composition of the claimed device according to the second embodiment includes a hydromechanical fitting for controlling the production mode of the product with electronic units (individual executive electronic module), comprising a housing in which a hydraulic pulse receiver (pressure sensor), a flow control valve (controlled) of the fluid controlled by a step a micromotor with a drive mechanism for rotating the valve shutoff element. Moreover, it is equipped with an autonomous power supply unit, amplifier-decoder and power amplifier units, the valve shutoff element is made in the form of a rotary cylinder - a diaphragm having windows of various diameters mounted on a support bearing.

A device for implementing the inventive method (third option) is disclosed, comprising packers placed on tubing for separating productive formations, equipment for product extraction (injection) with executive individual electronic modules and measuring electronic modules located opposite each productive layer, and wireless means for electronic modules with a ground receiving and processing device, in which wireless communication between the measuring electronic modules and the ground receiving The o-processing device introduced a common (mother) electronic transmitting module with autonomous power supply, inductance inductors and a dipole emitter of electromagnetic waves at a frequency that provides the minimum screening effect from the casing string, which is installed in the tubing arrangement above the topmost productive formation, while measuring ( subsidiary) electronic modules are equipped with autonomous power and generator coils of an electric field with a carrier operating frequency for transmitting information through tubing to a parent module, different for each of these modules and separated by a range of 20-50 kHz by at least 5 kHz, and the individual executive electronic modules of the equipment for product extraction are equipped with autonomous power supply and a dipole receiver of electromagnetic waves for receiving signals via an electromagnetic communication channel, transmitted from the ground receiving and processing device using a grounded antenna that generates electromagnetic signals through the rock with operating frequencies that exclude screening minutes effect casing and different for each actuator the electronic module and arranged to control hydraulic surface pulses excited by a fluid filling the tubing, depression pulse generator located in a well at the wellhead.

According to the third embodiment, the individual executive electronic module may include a housing in which a fluid supply (selection) control valve is installed, controlled by a stepper micromotor with a drive mechanism for rotating the valve shut-off element, while it is equipped with an autonomous power supply unit, a hydraulic pulse receiver and an electromagnetic dipole receiver oscillations, blocks of the amplifier - decoder and power amplifier, the locking element of the valve is made in the form of a rotary cylinder - diaphragm, Commercially windows of different diameter, mounted on a support bearing.

Figure 1 shows the layout on the tubing of equipment for product extraction using a wireless communication channel to control production (injection) between the electronic modules and the ground receiving and processing device.

Figure 2 gives the design of an individual measuring electronic (daughter) module with an electromagnetic communication channel.

Figure 3 gives the design of a common transmitting electronic (mother) module.

Figure 4 gives the design of the Executive electronic (electromechanical) module of the electromagnetic communication channel.

Figure 5 gives the design of the Executive individual electronic (hydromechanical) module of the hydraulic communication channel.

Figure 6 presents the design of the Executive individual electronic module with a combined communication channel.

The inventive method is illustrated in figure 1 and contains the following operations.

Launching 4 packers 17, 18, 19 for separation of productive strata 8, 9, 10 and equipment 5, 6, 7 for production (injection) of product placed opposite each productive stratum into the interval of product production on the tubing, downhole measurements with sensors as part of subsidiaries measuring electronic modules 14, 15, 16 with autonomous power and transmitting with their help the information received on the tubing string 4 by excitation in it using generator coils 21 of an electric field at a carrier operating frequency, different for each of these modules and different hay in the range of 20-50 kHz not less than 5 kHz, to the (mother) common electronic transmitting module 20 with autonomous power supply, a dipole emitter of electromagnetic waves 34 and inductance coils 32, installed in the tubing arrangement above the uppermost reservoir 8, then high-frequency information signals are amplified in the mother module and transmitted to the ground receiving-processing device 1 through the rock by excitation in it using a dipole emitter 34 of electromagnetic waves at a low frequency in in the range of 5-25 Hz, which provides the minimum shielding effect from the casing string 3. After receiving and processing the information signal in the ground receiving and processing device, a control signal is generated using electromagnetic pulses excited in a grounded antenna at a frequency in the range of 5-25 Hz, excluding the shielding the effect of the casing string on the corresponding individual executive electronic module 11, 12, 13 with self-powered.

Each individual executive electronic module, with its dipole receiver of electromagnetic oscillations, receives a corresponding control signal in the form of electromagnetic pulses at its operating frequency (option 1) or in the form of a certain sequence of hydraulic pulses (option 2), which are decoded in the electronics unit of this module, amplified and transmitted on stepper micromotors with a drive mechanism for rotating the rotary cylinder - diaphragms with windows of various diameters (locking element to Apaana for flow (removal) of the fluid from the space between the casing and tubing).

A device for implementing a method for monitoring and controlling the process of simultaneous and separate operation of multilayer cased wells according to FIG. 1 comprises a ground receiving and processing device 1, a grounded antenna 2, equipment 5, 6, 7 for production of the product lowered into the casing string 3 on the tubing 4 (electric centrifugal pump - ESP according to the first embodiment or sucker-rod hydraulic pump ШГН according to the second embodiment), a device for controlling the selection (injection) mode from individual layers 8, 9, 10 in the form of an electromechanical fitting the first option or the hydromechanical fitting according to the second option as a part of executive individual electronic modules with autonomous power supply) 11, 12, 13 and measuring electronic (daughter) modules 14, 15, 16 with autonomous power supply, located opposite each productive layer separated by packers 17, 18 , 19. Above the topmost productive formation 8 is placed a common electronic transmitting (mother) module 20 with autonomous power.

The daughter modules 14, 15, 16 are equipped with generator coils 21 (Fig. 2) of an electric field with a carrier operating frequency for transmitting information to a common autonomous electronic transmitting module 20, different for each of these modules and spaced at least 20-50 kHz apart 5 kHz, and contain a standalone power supply 22, pressure and flow sensors 23 and 24, moisture meters 25 and 26 (a set of sensors can be expanded), an electronics unit 27, a venturi 28, which are placed in a housing 29 with pipe thread 30 for connection to tubing 4.

The mother module 20 (Fig. 3) contains an autonomous power supply 31, inductance coils 32, an electronics unit 33, a dipole emitter of electromagnetic waves 34 in the range of 5-25 Hz with an insulator 35, placed in the housing 36 with pipe thread 37 for connection to the tubing four.

Executive individual electronic modules 11, 12, 13 (having electromechanical fittings in the first embodiment) according to FIG. 4 comprise a housing 38 in which an autonomous power supply 39 is placed, a dipole receiver of electromagnetic waves in the form of an electric receiver — dipole 40 with an insulator 41, an amplifier-decoder unit 42, a power amplifier unit 43, a stepper micromotor 44, a rotational drive mechanism 45, a rotary cylinder — orifice plate 46 with windows of various diameters 47, a feed-through passage 48, a thrust bearing 49 and pipe thread 50 for connection to the tubing 4.

Executive individual electronic modules 11, 12, 13 (having hydromechanical fittings in the second embodiment) according to FIG. 5 contain a module housing 51, an autonomous power supply unit 52, a pressure sensor 53, an amplifier-decoder unit 54, a power amplifier unit 55, a stepper micromotor 56, a drive rotation mechanism 57, a rotary cylinder — orifice 58 with windows of various diameters 59, and a passage “selection” -pumping ”60, pillow block 61, pipe thread 62.

Executive individual electronic modules 11, 12, 13 according to the third embodiment with a combined communication channel according to FIG. 6 comprise a module housing 63, an autonomous power supply unit 64, a hydraulic pulse receiver (pressure sensor) 65, and an electromagnetic dipole receiver in the form of an electric receiver — dipole 66 with an insulator 67, an amplifier-decoder unit 68, a power amplifier unit 69, a stepper micromotor 70, a rotational drive mechanism 71, a rotary cylinder - aperture 72, with windows of various diameters 73, a sampling passage ball "74, pillow block 75, pipe thread 76.

In Fig.1 pos. 77 denotes a hydrodynamic emitter located at the wellhead inside the tubing.

A specific example of the method is presented in the description of the operation of the device for implementing the inventive method.

The tubing 4 with measuring electronic (daughter) modules 14, 15, 16 mounted on the pipe thread, executive individual electronic modules 11, 12, 13, a common electronic transmitting (mother) module 20 and equipment for operating the formation 5, 6, 7 descends inside the casing columns 3, while the mother module is located above the uppermost reservoir 8, and these modules and equipment are opposite each reservoir 8, 9, 10 (Fig. 1).

At a command from the ground receiving and processing device 1, autonomous power supply units 22, 31, 39 or 52, or 64 are activated and information on the development modes of each individual operation object (layer) in the form of current data begins to be processed in each daughter module 14, 15, 16 bottomhole pressure, flow rate and moisture content of the selected formation fluid (the list of measured parameters can be expanded). In this case, the bottomhole pressure is measured using two spaced sensors 23 and 24, the moisture content is measured using two spaced sensors 25 and 26, and the flow rate is measured using a Venturi 28 according to the pressure gradient at its inlet and outlet using the values of the sensors 23 and 24 (Fig. .2). The sensors are powered by an independent power supply 22. The primary signals from the sensors are sent to the electronics unit 27, where they are encoded and transmitted through the tubing 4 of the electric field 21 to the mother module 20. The signals are transmitted at the operating (carrier) frequency, different for each daughter module and spaced in the range of 20-50 kHz not less than 5 kHz. (The specified range is established by the experimental-calculation method). The encoded information signal propagating through the tubing metal reaches the mother module 20, where it is received by the corresponding inductance coils 32 and transmitted for processing and amplification to the electronics unit 33, after which it is generated into the surrounding rock using a dipole emitter of electromagnetic waves 34 with an insulator 35 on carrier frequency in the range of 5-25 Hz, providing radio transparency of both casing and rock (Fig. 3). (The indicated range is established experimentally). Autonomous power supply 31 provides the operation of the electronics unit 33, the receiving inductance coils 32 and the dipole emitter of electromagnetic waves 34. The signal transmitted through the rock is received by a grounded antenna 2, which is connected to the ground receiving and processing device 1 (Fig. 1). The principle of the implementation of such a transfer is also described in the application of the Russian Federation No. 2005136035 “Device for monitoring the development of multilayer production wells”, author A. Shakirov, prior. 11/21/2005, publ. 06/10/2007.

The ground receiving and processing device 1 generates a control signal, with the help of which a command is issued to the corresponding executive individual electronic modules 11, 12, 13, which control the injection mode or selection of the product by means of an ESP or SHGN (pos. 5, 6, 7) from the corresponding reservoir 8, 9, 10. The control mode of the executive individual electronic modules 11, 12, 13 depends on the specific data received from the measuring electronic (daughter) modules 14, 15, 16 in real time.

The control signal (according to the first embodiment) is transmitted using a grounded antenna 2 from the ground receiving and processing device 1 to the rock via an electromagnetic communication channel at the corresponding operating frequency in the range of 5-25 Hz, eliminating the screening effect of the casing string. After passing the rock and casing 3, the signal reaches the dipole receiver of electromagnetic waves - dipole 40 with an insulator 41, which is equipped with each individual executive electronic module (electromechanical fitting) 11, 12, 13. Next, the signal is amplified and decoded in the block of the amplifier - decoder 42 and power amplifier unit 43 (Fig. 4), and if the carrier frequency of the control signal corresponds to a particular actuator module, the signal is transmitted to a stepper micromotor 44, which drives the drive the th rotation mechanism 45, turning the rotary cylinder on the thrust bearing 49 — an aperture 46 having several round, different diameters of the windows 47, and ensures alignment of the desired window with the selection-injection passage 48 in the outer wall of the housing 38. The stand-alone power supply 39 provides powered electronic units and a stepper micromotor with a drive rotation mechanism.

According to the second embodiment of the device for implementing the method with a hydraulic channel for transmitting information, a control signal from the wellhead from the corresponding hydrodynamic emitter (Fig. 1, pos. 77) is transmitted through a column of fluid filling the tubing to the individual individual electronic modules located in the well (hydraulic choke) 11, 12, 13 in the form of an encoded sequence of hydraulic pulses corresponding to each indicated module, and is received by pressure sensors 53 located in them (f D.5). The control signal received by the pressure sensor in the form of a specific sequence of hydraulic pulses is received and decoded in the amplifier-decoder unit 54, amplified in the power amplifier unit 55, and if the received sequence of hydraulic pulses corresponds to this actuator module, the electronic unit gives a command to the stepper micromotor 56, which through the drive rotation mechanism 57 drives a rotary cylinder - aperture 58 having several circular windows 59 of various diameters, and effectiveness to a desired alignment with the passageway of the window "selection - injection" 60 in the outer wall of the housing 51. The auxiliary power unit 52 provides power to the electronic units and stepping micromotor.

If necessary, executive individual electronic modules (third option) 11, 12, 13, equipped with a combination of receiving transducers in the form of a hydraulic pulse receiver 65 and a dipole electromagnetic oscillation receiver 67, provide control of the WEM mode in the case when the geological and physical and geological conditions the operation of multilayer objects are significantly different from each other and do not lend themselves to a reliable forecast in time.

The autonomous power supply units 22, 31, 39, 52 and 64 are activated by the “real time clock” built into the electronics module of each module, in which the power-on time mode is pre-set. The autonomous power resource depends on the total capacity of the sources used, which determines the size of the sealed containers that enclose them.

Claims (8)

1. A method of monitoring and controlling the process of simultaneous and separate operation of multilayer cased wells, including the descent of packers into the production interval at the tubing for separation of productive formations and equipment for production (injection) of a product placed opposite each productive formation downhole measurements with sensors and transmission of the received information using electronic modules to the ground receiving and processing device over a wireless communication channel and control real-time production of the product using individual electronic modules, characterized in that the information is transmitted to the ground receiving and processing device from the measuring sensors using electronic measuring modules equipped with autonomous power and transmitting information signals through the tubing string by excitation in it using generator coils of an electric field at a carrier operating frequency, different for each of these modules and spaced in the range of 20-50 kg not less than 5 kHz, to the common electronic transmitting module installed in the tubing layout above the uppermost reservoir, equipped with autonomous power and receiving inductors, and in which high-frequency information signals are amplified and transmitted to the ground receiving-processing device through the rock by excitation in it with the help of a dipole emitter of electromagnetic waves at a frequency that provides the minimum screening effect from the casing string, and control of the equipment for production (about boron) of the product is carried out through an electromagnetic communication channel, while the operating mode of the equipment for extraction (selection) of the product is controlled, the signal from the ground receiving and processing device is transmitted through the rock to the individual electronic modules of the equipment equipped with autonomous power and dipole receivers of electromagnetic waves using electromagnetic pulses excited in a grounded antenna at a frequency that excludes the casing shielding effect. 2. A method of monitoring and controlling the process of simultaneous and separate operation of multilayer cased wells, including the descent of packers into the production (selection) interval on the tubing for separation of productive formations and equipment for production (selection) of products placed opposite each productive formation, conducting downhole measurements with sensors and transmitting the received information to a ground receiving and processing device over a wireless communication channel and controlling production equipment for in the real-time hydraulic communication channel, characterized in that the information is transmitted to the ground receiving and processing device from the measuring sensors using electronic measuring modules equipped with autonomous power supply and transmitting information signals through the tubing string by excitation in it using generator coils electric field at the carrier operating frequency, different for each of these modules and spaced in the range of 20-50 kHz by at least 5 kHz, are installed in the layout of the tubing above the uppermost reservoir, a common electronic transmitting module, equipped with autonomous power and receiving inductors, in which high-frequency information signals are amplified and transmitted to the ground receiving and processing device through the rock by excitation in it using a dipole emitter of electromagnetic waves at a frequency providing a minimum shielding effect from the casing string, and the equipment for the extraction (selection) of the product is controlled using individual electronic modules equipped with autonomous power supply, to which a signal is received from the ground receiving and processing device using the hydraulic pulses excited in the fluid filling the tubing, which controls the operating mode of the equipment for product extraction. 3. A device for monitoring and controlling the process of simultaneous and separate operation of multilayer cased wells, containing packers located on the tubing for separation of productive formations, equipment for product extraction (selection) with executive individual electronic modules and measuring electronic modules located opposite each productive formation, and means for wireless communication of electronic modules with a ground receiving and processing device, characterized in that A common electronic transmitting module, equipped with an autonomous power supply unit, receiving inductor coils and a dipole emitter of electromagnetic waves at a frequency that provides a minimum screening effect from the casing, and installed in the tubing arrangement above the uppermost reservoir, was introduced by measuring electronic modules and a ground-processing device and individual executive electronic modules of equipment for extraction (selection) of the product are made with the possibility of control with surface through an electromagnetic communication channel, while the measuring electronic modules are equipped with autonomous power supply units and generator coils of an electric field with a carrier operating frequency for transmitting information to a common electronic transmitting module, different for each of these modules and spaced at least 20-50 kHz apart at 5 kHz, and the individual executive electronic modules of the equipment for the extraction (selection) of the product are equipped with autonomous power supply units and dipole electromagnetic receivers fluctuations transmitted from the ground receiving and processing device using a grounded antenna that generates electromagnetic signals through the rock with operating frequencies that exclude the casing shielding effect and are different for each electronic actuator module. 4. A device for monitoring and controlling the simultaneous and separate operation of multilayer cased wells, containing packers located on the tubing for separating productive formations, equipment for product extraction (selection) with executive individual electronic modules and measuring electronic modules located opposite each productive stratum, and means for wireless communication of electronic modules with a ground receiving and processing device, characterized in that A common electronic transmitting module, equipped with an autonomous power supply unit, receiving inductor coils and a dipole emitter of electromagnetic waves at a frequency that provides a minimum screening effect from the casing, and installed in the tubing arrangement above the uppermost reservoir, was introduced by measuring electronic modules and a ground-processing device while the measuring electronic modules are equipped with self-contained power units and generator coils of the electric field with operating frequency for transmitting information to a common electronic transmitting module, different for each of these modules and separated by a range of 20-50 kHz by at least 5 kHz, and the individual executive electronic modules of the equipment for extraction (selection) of the product are equipped with self-contained power supply units and made with the ability to control from the surface of hydraulic pulses excited in the fluid filling the tubing, a depression pulse generator located in the well at the wellhead. 5. A device for monitoring and controlling the process of simultaneous and separate operation of multilayer cased wells, containing packers located on the tubing for separation of productive formations, equipment for product extraction (injection) with executive individual electronic modules and electronic measuring modules located opposite each productive formation, and means of wireless communication of electronic modules with a ground receiving and processing device, characterized in that the means of wireless communication m I am waiting for measuring electronic modules and a ground receiving and processing device to introduce a common electronic transmitting module, equipped with an autonomous power supply unit, receiving inductors and a dipole emitter of electromagnetic waves at a frequency that provides the minimum screening effect from the casing, and installed in the tubing arrangement above the topmost reservoir while the measuring electronic modules are equipped with self-contained power units and generator coils of the electric field with no operating frequency for transmitting information to a common electronic transmitting module, different for each of these modules and separated by a range of 20-50 kHz by at least 5 kHz, and the individual executive electronic modules of the equipment for product extraction are equipped with self-contained power units and electromagnetic dipole receivers oscillations transmitted from the ground receiving and processing device using a grounded antenna that generates electromagnetic signals through the rock with operating frequencies, exclude ayuschimi effect casing and different for each actuator the electronic module and arranged to control hydraulic surface pulses excited by a fluid filling the tubing, depression pulse generator located in a well at the wellhead. 6. An electronic actuator module comprising a housing in which a fluid supply (selection) control valve is installed, controlled by a stepper micromotor with a drive mechanism for rotating the valve shut-off element, characterized in that it is equipped with an autonomous power supply unit, a dipole receiver of electromagnetic waves in the form of an electric receiver - a dipole with an insulator, amplifier-decoder and power amplifier blocks, and the valve shut-off element is made in the form of a rotary diaphragm cylinder with windows of various diameters tra mounted on the support bearing. 7. An electronic actuator module comprising a housing in which a hydraulic pulse receiver (pressure sensor), a fluid supply (selection) control valve, controlled by a stepper micromotor with a drive mechanism for rotating the valve shutter, are installed, characterized in that it is provided with an autonomous power supply, blocks of the amplifier-decoder and power amplifier, the locking element of the valve is made in the form of a rotary cylinder-diaphragm having windows of various diameters mounted on a thrust bearing. 8. An electronic actuator, comprising a housing in which a fluid supply (selection) control valve is installed, controlled by a stepper micromotor with a drive mechanism for rotating the valve shut-off element, characterized in that it is equipped with an autonomous power supply unit, a hydraulic pulse receiver, a dipole electromagnetic oscillation receiver in the form of an electric receiver, a dipole with an insulator, amplifier-decoder and power amplifier blocks, and the valve shut-off element is made in the form of a rotary cylinder diaphragms with windows of various diameters mounted on a thrust bearing.

Images