RU2473156C1 - Broad-band balanced vibrator with complex load - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering.

SUBSTANCE: rectangular-shaped broad-band balanced vibrator made in the form of two-sided metal plate with complex load includes a circuit and two arms in the form of isosceles triangles made on two-sided high-quality laminated material, which are connected to each other at the feed point with separating capacitors C2, C4 on one side, and with capacitances C1, C5 on the other side; each arm is divided by means of p-i-n diodes into three parts, and elongation of vibrator is performed due to inductance coils; at that, working part includes inductance coils L1, L2, L3, L5, current-limiting resistors R6, R10, shunting resistors R1, R5, R7, R9, R11-R15 and capacitances C1, C2, C4, C5, and feed system consists of elongating inductance coils L2, L3, p-i-n diodes VD5, VD6, transformer WT1 and separating capacitor C3.

EFFECT: possibility of enlarging the band of working frequencies of balanced vibrator by more than by two octaves and obtaining linearly changing phase characteristic in the range of working frequencies of automatic radio direction finder; increasing the receiving efficiency in metric band.

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Description

The invention relates to antenna-feeder devices and can be used in radio communications, radio navigation or direction finding.

Most effectively, the invention can be used in antenna systems of the ARP (automatic direction finder), as well as as a broadband receiving antenna.

Symmetric electric vibrators are used as independent antennas, elements of more complex vibrator antennas, elements of antenna arrays, irradiators of mirror and lens antennas. In all cases of using symmetrical electric vibrators, they are required to use the operating frequency range.

Known antenna-feeder device in the form of a symmetrical strip vibrator, which contains two dielectric plates, between which there is a supply strip line connected to the input of the balancing device, two strip segments, the outputs of which are connected to two strip plates and a metal screen consisting of two parts -shaped, each of which consists of two plates (AS SU No. 1483508, H01Q 1/00, publ. 30.05.89, Bull. No. 20).

Also known is a symmetric range vibrator, which consists of two symmetrical shoulders, a shielding element and a feeder connected to the shoulders, made in the form of two isosceles triangles, installed symmetrically on both sides of the shoulders, while the shoulders and the shielding elements are made lamellar and installed in the same plane ( RU patent No. 2407117, published on December 20, 2010, H01Q 9/18).

The closest analogue (prototype) in terms of parameters is the symmetric vibrator used in the ARP, which contains shoulders made in the form of a mander structure consisting of horizontal and vertical conductive elements, where the aspect ratios of the horizontal and vertical conductive elements affect the shape of the vibrator (a. S. SU No. 1497668 A1, H01Q 9/00, publ. 30.07.89, Bull. No. 28).

The disadvantages of all of the above analogues should include:

- insufficient bandwidth;

- resonator vibrator in the operating frequency range of the ARP;

- low reception efficiency in the meter frequency range;

- spurious resonances in the decimeter frequency range that arise due to decoupling circuits;

- an abrupt change in the phase characteristic of a symmetric vibrator in the range of operating frequencies of the ATM;

- the complex resistance of a symmetric vibrator contains both capacitive and inductive components in the frequency range of the ATM.

The objective of the invention is the development of a receiving antenna with a working frequency range of at least two octaves and with a linearly varying phase characteristic.

The technical result consists in the fact that the use of inductive load, as well as shunt resistances in the field of the structural resonance of the vibrator, allowed us to expand the operating frequency band of the symmetric vibrator by more than two octaves and to obtain a linearly changing phase characteristic in the operating frequency range of the ARP (automatic direction finder), and for by increasing the electric length of the vibrator, the reception efficiency in the meter range is increased.

The essence of the invention is that a broadband symmetric vibrator with a complex load, including shoulders and a circuit, is characterized in that the rectangular symmetric vibrator in the form of a 2-sided metal plate contains two shoulders in the form of isosceles triangles made on a double-sided high-frequency laminate interconnected at the power point with isolation capacitors C ₂ , C ₄ on the one hand, and on the other hand, with capacitor capacitors C ₁ , C ₅ , each arm is divided into three parts using p-in diodes and the extension of the vibrator occurs due to inductors, while the working part contains inductors L ₁ , L ₂ , L ₃ , L ₅ , current-limiting resistors R ₆ , R ₁₀ , shunt resistors R ₁ , R ₅ , R ₇ , R ₉ , R ₁₁ -R ₁₅ and capacitances C ₁ , C ₂ , C ₄ , C ₅ , a power supply system consists of extension inductors L ₂ , L ₃ , p-in diodes VD ₅ , VD ₆ , transformer WT ₁ and isolation capacitor C ₃ .

The schematic diagram of a broadband antenna with integrated load is shown in Fig. 1.

Schematic diagram of a broadband antenna consists of:

1. The shoulders of a symmetrical vibrator

2. L1, L5, - inductors.

3. L2, L3 - extending inductances.

4. L4 - compensating inductance.

5. WT1 - balancing transformer.

6. C1, C5 - structural tanks.

7. C2, C3, C4 - isolation capacitors.

8. R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R7, R9, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15 - resistors.

9. R6, R10 - current limiting resistors.

10. VD1-VD10 - p-i-n diodes.

Figure 2 shows the standing wave voltage coefficient of a broadband antenna, where it can be seen that the operating frequency range of this antenna is 100-400 MHz.

Figure 3 shows the phase response of a broadband antenna. It can be seen from Fig. 3 that, over the entire range of operating frequencies for a given antenna, the phase characteristic changes linearly.

The unbalanced signal through the compensating inductance L4 is fed to the input of the balancing transformer WT1, and two symmetric signals received at the output are supplied in antiphase to the symmetric vibrator. Using p-i-n diodes (VD1-VD10), high-resistance resistors (R2-R5, R7, R9, R11-R14), the operation of closed p-i-n diodes in direct current is ensured. Resistors (R6, R10) limit the forward current of p-i-n diodes. Thus, the vibrator is divided into six parts, so that the vibrator that is not being used at a given time is radio-transparent at the operating frequency of the antenna system. In contrast to the antenna [1], to increase the electric length of the vibrator in this design, extension inductances L2, L3 are used. To expand the working band, inductors L1 and L5 and resistors R1, R15 are used.

The increase in the electric length of the vibrator, the use of complex loads in places of structural resonance, the use of resistive decoupling chains allowed to obtain the following advantages:

1. The expansion of the frequency band of the symmetric vibrator by more than two octaves, due to the use of inductive load in the field of structural resonance of the vibrator;

2. The reception efficiency in the meter range is increased by increasing the electric length of the vibrator;

3. Spurious resonances resulting from the use of decoupling circuits are eliminated by realizing the emitting surface of the vibrator on a double-sided high-frequency laminate for the high-frequency component of the signal, both sides are closed, and for the constant component of the signal, the second side of the conducting surface of the laminate acts as an decoupling circuit;

4. The use of inductive loads, as well as shunt resistances in places of constructive resonance, allows to obtain a linearly varying phase characteristic in the range of operating frequencies of the ATM;

5. Using the inductance, the capacitive component of the complex resistance of the symmetric vibrator in the operating frequency range of the ATM is compensated.

Claims (1)

A broadband symmetric vibrator with a complex load, comprising shoulders and a circuit, characterized in that the rectangular symmetric vibrator in the form of a 2-sided metal plate contains two shoulders in the form of isosceles triangles made on a double-sided high-frequency laminate, interconnected at the power point by isolation capacitors C ₂ , C ₄ on the one hand, and on the other hand, by capacitor capacitances C ₁ , C ₅ , each arm is divided into three parts using pin diodes, and the vibrator is elongated it is supplied by inductors, while the working part contains inductors L ₁ , L ₂ , L ₃ , L ₅ , current-limiting resistors R ₆ , R ₁₀ , shunt resistors R ₁ , R ₅ , R ₇ , R ₉ , R ₁₁ - R ₁₅ and capacitances C ₁ , C ₂ , C ₄ , C ₅ , and the power supply system consists of lengthening inductors L ₂ , L ₃ , pin diodes VD ₅ , VD ₆ , transformer WT ₁ and isolation capacitor C ₃ .

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