RU2473020C1 - Automatic ventilation valve - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ventilation.

SUBSTANCE: ventilation valve comprises a base with a central hole in it, on the inner end of the base there is a seat, where a plate is installed with the possibility of pressing, being hingedly fixed on the axis on a rotary double-arm lever connected to the base, at the same time the lever by its one end with a ball joint is hingedly connected with the plate. On the other end of the lever there is a cavity, in holes of upper and lower walls of which there is an adjustment screw interacting with a counterweight, at the same time the counterweight is installed on the lever as capable of displacement relative to the lever. The base is equipped with a flange of valve fixation, a fixator installed in the flange bracket, and the second fixator in the form of an eccentric installed on the axis arranged in holes of the specified bracket, and has a groove, in which the first fixator is installed. A spring is connected to the flange by one end, and its other end is connected to a flag of the second fixator, the lever is connected with the axis by means of the screw, and the screw is installed in the specified lever and rests with its end against the groove on the axis.

EFFECT: higher reliability of automatic valve actuation when relieving air through it from one room into another in one direction, higher sensitivity of a valve and accuracy of its setting.

3 cl, 10 dwg

Description

This technical solution relates to safety shut-off valves used in protection and ventilation systems of rooms, in particular shelters, requiring increased safety in case of a sharp increase in air pressure in which the shelters are located, as well as inside the shelter. The valve is designed primarily to protect personnel from the damaging effect of excess air pressure in shelters and rooms, in particular, for bypassing air from one room to another room in one direction when a pressure difference occurs in adjacent rooms. The valve provides operation after impact on it with 3g shock loads along three perpendicular axes, 5g - horizontally and 10g - vertically, and also after a short-term pressure increase up to 0.5 kg / cm ² in the area located behind the valve along the air flow, and in cases of passage through an air flow valve at a speed of up to 30 m / s.

The technical solution can also be used in ventilation systems of buildings and structures.

Known valves designed to block the passage of fluids, in particular air or liquid, each of which is characterized by the presence of a housing, inside which there is a rotatable plate, pivotally mounted on the housing with the possibility of rotation in it and fit to the seat of the housing, while the plate has its means rotation in the housing (FR 2745057 A1, 08/22/1997; EP 0118230 A1, 09/12/1984; DE 4022825 A1, 02/28/1991; GB 498169 A, 04/01/1939; US 4856547 A1, 08/15/1989; WO 03001094 A 1,03.01 .2003; WO 9520735 A1, 08/03/1995; JP 52-26061, 1973; RU 2248485 C1, 3/20/2005; RU 2386877 C2, 12/20/2009; RU 2374543 C1, 11/27/2009; RU 2388876 C2, 12/20/2009; RU 2032845 C1, 04/10/1995; RU 67231, 10.10.2007; RU 65602 U1, 08/10/2007; RU 2248485 C1, 03/20/2005; RU 2293239 C1, 02/10/2007; RU 2133923 C1, 07/27/1999; RU 2166143 C1, 04/27/2001).

Known hermetic ventilation valve containing a housing in which a plate is mounted with an eye, a drive shaft and a lever rigidly connected to the shaft, while the middle part of the lever is pivotally connected to the eye of the plate, a compression spring and a spring regulator are sequentially installed between the lever and the plate, and an electric motor is mounted on the housing, the shaft of which is connected to the valve shaft (RU 2386877 C2, 12.20.2009).

A ventilation valve is known, characterized by the presence of a cylindrical body, inside which a rotary plate is mounted pivotally mounted on a two-arm lever, the middle part of which is connected to the plate by an axis rigidly fixed to the central part of the rack plate, at least one is installed between the lever and the plate a spring, one end of which is fixed on the plate closer to its peripheral part, and the other end of the spring is fixed on the lever on the opposite side of the rack, while the lever gesture is mounted on a shaft whose geometric axis is offset from the axis of connection of the lever with the plate to the horizontal side and offset from the geometric axis of the plate in the vertical direction so that the shaft is located between the axis of the connection of the lever with the rack of the plate and the point of attachment of the spring to the lever in side view, moreover, the lever is made in the form of an elongated element with a recess in it in the middle part, in which the end of the rack and the axis of the connection of the lever with the rack are located (RU 2388876 C2, 12.20.2009).

Of the known technical solutions close in essence and technical result to this invention (analogue) is a valve of pipe fittings, characterized by the presence of a cylindrical body, inside which there is a swivel plate, pivotally mounted on a two-arm lever, the middle part of which is connected to the plate with an axis rigidly fixed to the central parts of the rack plate, while a spring is installed between the lever and the plate, one end of which is fixed on the plate closer to its peripheral part, and the other end of the spring is fixed on the lever on the opposite side of the rack, while the lever is rigidly mounted on the shaft, the geometric axis of which is offset from the axis of connection of the lever with the plate in the horizontal side and offset from the geometric axis of the plate in the vertical direction so that the shaft is located between the axis the connection of the lever with the rack of the plate and the point of attachment of the spring to the lever in side view (RU 2248485 C1, 03.20.2005).

This technical solution has the layout of its elements, which do not allow its use in ventilation systems of rooms, in particular shelters, requiring increased safety in the event of a sharp increase in pressure of the surrounding air environment in which the shelters are located. These are the operating conditions of the valve when large compression and separation forces act on its plate. Such valve operating conditions arise, for example, during high-power explosions in the surrounding air, which are characterized by the fact that at first excessive air pressure arises, and then it is replaced by an increasing vacuum. The arrangement of valve elements, such as springs, spring compression regulator, struts, as well as the shape of the lever are made in such a way that under the specified difficult operating conditions they form a significant total surface area in contact with an air blast wave, which reduces the valve tightness, its protection and reliability.

Of the known technical solutions, close to the essence of this invention is an overpressure valve for automatically maintaining constant air pressure in adjacent rooms, which contains a cylindrical body pivotally connected to the body and located in the body plate, which is connected to the body by a rotation lever, the upper end of the lever is rigidly connected to the plate, the lower end of the lever is made with a counterweight movably mounted on it, the middle part of the lever is pivotally connected to the body, while the valve is made Helen with an eccentric clamp plate to the housing (RU 2374543 C1, 11.27.2009).

This valve operates at overpressure in one of the rooms and automatically maintains a constant air pressure in adjacent rooms. The valve provides the ability to bypass air in opposite directions, while the valve is designed for its installation in certain indoor air supply systems, which are subject to standard requirements.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the reliability of automatic operation of the valve when passing air through it from one room to another in one direction, as well as increasing the sensitivity of the valve and the accuracy of its settings.

The technical result is obtained by an automatic ventilation valve, characterized in that it contains a base with a central hole in it, a saddle is made on the inner end of the base, in which a plate is located, which is pivotally mounted on an axis on a rotary two-arm lever connected to the base, the lever at one end with a ball joint is pivotally connected to the plate, at the other end of the lever there is a cavity, in the holes of the upper and lower walls of which an adjustment screw is installed, in interacting with a counterweight, while the counterweight is mounted on the lever with the possibility of movement relative to the lever, the base is equipped with a valve mounting flange, a latch mounted in the flange bracket, and a second latch in the form of an eccentric mounted on an axis that is located in the holes of the specified bracket and has a recess, in which the first latch is located, with a spring connected to the flange at one end, the other end of which is connected to the flag of the second latch, the lever is connected to the axis by means of a screw, and the screw laid in said arm and abuts with its end into a recess on the axis.

Between the lever and the ball bearing there is a disk having annular grooves on the lower surface, in which protrusions are made on the upper surface of the plate, and the disk is equipped with a pin located in the socket of the plate to limit the possibility of its rotation.

A plumb line is installed on the flange to check the vertical position of the valve in the design position.

Figure 1 shows an automatic ventilation valve in side view;

Figure 2 - valve in front view;

Figure 3 - valve without fencing in a horizontal position;

Figure 4 - valve in top view;

Figure 5 is a section aa in figure 4.

In Fig.6 is a section bB in Fig.4.

In Fig.7 is a section bb in Fig.3.

In Fig.7 is a section GG in Fig.4.

On Fig - section bb in Fig.4.

In Fig.9 - place E in Fig.1.

10 - valve, view D in figure 3.

The automatic ventilation valve contains a base 1 (Fig. 1) with a central hole, the inner end of which is a saddle, to which the valve plate 2 is pressed, fixed by an axis 3 on a rotary two-arm lever 4. The lever 4 is pivotally connected to its axis 5 by one end (Fig. 1). 7) with valve flange 6. The flange has means of its connection with the wall of the room (not shown). At the other end of the lever 4 (Fig. 5) there is a cavity in which the axis 5 is located. In the holes of the upper and lower walls of the cavity of the lever 4 there is an adjustment screw 7 for adjusting the position of the counterweight 8 (Fig. 2), which is arranged to move relative to the lever 4. The screw 7 has the ability to rotate, and the counterweight to move along its axis. The base 1 is connected to the flange 6 by bolts 9. The bolts 10 (figure 2) to the flange 6 attached to the fence 11 (figure 1).

The valve has a latch 12 (Fig.6), mounted in the bracket 13 of the flange 6. The latch 12 serves to fix the lever 4 in the transport position. The valve is equipped with a plumb line 14 mounted on the flange 6 (Fig. 2) to check the vertical position of the valve in the design position, as well as a second latch 15 (Fig. 3) for stopping the movement of the lever 4 when the flag 16 is turned to the extreme right position. The second latch 15 is made in the form of an eccentric and mounted on an axis 17 located in the holes of the bracket 13 of the flange 6. The axis 17 has a recess on the surface through which the latch 12 (Fig. 6) passes, preventing the possible movement or rotation of the axis 17. Spontaneous rotation of the second the retainer 15 is prevented by the spring 18 (figure 3), one end of which is fixed on the flange 6, and the other end is on the flag 16 of the second retainer 15.

The axis 5 (FIGS. 5, 6 and 7) is mounted on bearings 19 fixed in the seats of the bracket 13 of the flange 6 with covers 20. The lever 4 is connected to the axis 5 by means of a screw 21 (FIG. 7) placed in the specified lever and abutting with its end against a recess on the axis 5, whereby the axis 5 and the lever 4 are rotated in the bearings 19 as a whole. The plate 2 (Fig. 1) is mounted on the axis 3 by means of a ball joint 22 (Fig. 8), which is fixed in the hole of the plate with the sleeve 23 and the spring ring 24. The plate has the ability to swing in the bearing relative to the axis 3 and as a result is always mounted in parallel base saddle plane 1.

The axis 3 is fixed on the lever 4 using the nut 25 (Fig.1, 8). Between the lever 4 and the bearing 22 there is a disk 26 having annular grooves on the lower surface, in which protrusions made on the upper surface of the plate 2 are located, forming a labyrinth that prevents contaminants from entering the bearing 22. Also, the disk 26 has a pin 27 that freely fits into the corresponding plate socket 2, limiting the possibility of its rotation.

An annular groove 28 (Fig. 9) is made on the surface of the seat, in which a seal 29 is placed. Risks are placed on the side of the counterweight 8 to facilitate valve adjustment.

The valve operates as follows. The valve is installed inside the building in such a way that it could close or open a message between two isolated rooms, conditionally shown in Fig. 1, positions 30 and 31. The rooms are separated by the wall 32 of the building, in the window 33 of which the valve is installed.

To bring the valve into working condition, it is necessary to bring the latch 12 (Fig.6) out of contact with the lever 4 in the entire range of swing and fix the locknut. The second latch 15 should be in the free position and not in contact with the lever 4, and the flag 16 (Fig.7) should be in the extreme left position.

At the initial moment, the pressure in rooms 30 and 31 (Fig. 1) is the same. Due to the fact that the center of gravity of the "plate - lever - counterweight" system is located slightly to the left of the axis 5 of the rotation of the lever 4, then under the influence of gravity there is a torque that turns the lever 4 in a clockwise direction, resulting in a plate 2 is pressed against the saddle of the base 1, blocking the air exchange between rooms 30 and 31.

The condition for the valve to operate is the excess pressure in the room 31 over the pressure in the room 30, which can occur both with an increase in pressure in the room 31, and during discharge in the room 30.

In any of these cases, from the side of the room 31 in the direction of the room 30, there is a pressure force on the plate 2, which causes a counterclockwise torque on it. Upon reaching a certain value of the pressure force, the lever 4 rotates about the axis 5 in a counterclockwise direction, and the plate moves away from the saddle, providing air passage from the room with high pressure to the room with less pressure.

After equalization of the air pressure in the rooms, the unilateral action of the air pressure on the plate stops, while the lever 4 returns to its original position under the action of gravity, and the plate 2 again blocks the air exchange between the rooms.

The pressure value at which the valve is actuated is adjusted by moving the counterweight 8 during rotation of the screw 7, as a result of which the magnitude of the shoulder of the gravity of the "plate - lever - counterweight" system changes relative to the axis of rotation of the lever 4.

The advantages of this valve are increased reliability and stability, valve sensitivity and tuning accuracy. The accuracy and sensitivity of the valve are achieved due to the more efficient installation of the valve disc in the seat saddle when mounting the valve in the window of the building wall and finer adjustment of the counterweight relative to the lever with the screw.

Claims (3)

1. An automatic ventilation valve, characterized in that it contains a base with a central hole in it, a seat is made on the inner end of the base, in which a plate is located with the possibility of preloading, which is pivotally mounted on an axis on a rotary two-arm lever connected to the base, while the lever at one end it is pivotally connected to the plate with a ball joint, at the other end of the lever there is a cavity, in the holes of the upper and lower walls of which an adjustment screw is installed, which interacts with the counterweight, while the counterweight is mounted on the lever with the possibility of movement relative to the lever, the base is equipped with a valve mounting flange, a latch installed in the flange bracket, and a second latch in the form of an eccentric mounted on an axis that is located in the holes of the bracket and has a recess in which the first a latch, with a spring connected to the flange at one end, the other end of which is connected to the flag of the second latch, the lever is connected to the axis by means of a screw, and the screw is located in the specified lever and It extends with its end into a recess on the axis. 2. The automatic ventilation valve according to claim 1, characterized in that between the lever and the ball bearing there is a disk having annular grooves on the lower surface, in which there are protrusions made on the upper surface of the plate, and the disk is equipped with a pin located in the socket of the plate for restrictions on the possibility of its rotation. 3. The automatic ventilation valve according to claim 1, characterized in that a plumb line is installed on the flange to check the vertical position of the valve in the design position.

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