RU2465249C1 - Crude mixture for making high-temperature heat-insulation articles based on diatomite - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to construction materials and can be used in making high-temperature heat-insulation articles. The crude mixture for making high-temperature heat-insulation articles based on diatomite for making articles with density of 750 kg/m3 contains the following, in wt %: ground pit-run diatomite with average particle size of 5 mm 67.7, dispersed burnt diatomite with average particle size of 12 mcm 15, combustible additives 15, bentonite clay 2, sodium lignosulphonate 0.3; to obtain articles with density of 850 kg/m3, the crude mixture contains, wt %: ground pit-run diatomite with average particle size of 5 mm 83.7, dispersed burnt diatomite with average particle size of 12 mcm 12, combustible additives 3, bentonite clay 1, sodium lignosulphonate 0.3; to obtain articles with density of 950 kg/m3, the crude mixture contains, wt %: ground pit-run diatomite with average particle size of 5 mm 82.5, dispersed burnt diatomite with average particle size of 12 mcm 12, combustible additives 3, fire clay 2, sodium lignosulphonate 0.5; to obtain articles with density of 1050 kg/m3, the crude mixture contains, wt %: ground pit-run diatomite with average particle size of 5 mm 67.4, dispersed burnt diatomite with average particle size of 12 mcm 12, combustible additives 2, chalk 15, fire clay 2, sodium lignosulphonate 0.5, liquid glass 0.1, carboxymethyl cellulose 1. ^ EFFECT: low heat conductivity, low density and high strength of articles. ^ 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to building materials and can be used in the manufacture of high-temperature thermal insulation products.

Known raw mix based on diatomaceous raw materials with the addition of chalk and fading additives (coal, sawdust) (Goncharov Yu.A. et al. Ceramics based on opal-like rock - diatomite. / In the journal "Building Materials", 2009, No. 8, p .72-73) is a prototype.

Known raw mix based on diatomaceous raw materials with the addition of casein-rosin blowing agent and burnable additives in the form of sawdust (Kitaytsev VA Technology of heat-insulating materials. - M .: Publishing house of literature on construction. 1964. p.234-237).

A known coating composition for protecting the surface from adhesion of splashes of molten metal (SU 912454 A1, B23K 35/36, publ. 15.03.82, bull. No. 10), consisting of diatomite and chalk.

The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using known raw material mixtures include the fact that the known mixtures do not allow to obtain high-temperature heat-insulating products, reduce their apparent density and increase compressive strength.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the feed mixture contains diatomite of two different fractions: quarry crushed diatomite and dispersed calcined diatomite, as well as carboxylmethyl cellulose and for different densities of the obtained products, and has the following ratio of components in wt.%:

Mass composition,% The density of products, kg / m ³ 750 850 950 1050 Diatomite f. 5 mm 67.7 83.7 82.5 67.4 Diatomite f. 12 microns fifteen 12 12 12 Burn-out additives (e.g. sawdust fractions of 0.5-2 mm) fifteen 3 3 2 a piece of chalk - - - fifteen Refractory clay - - 2 2 Clay bentonite 2 one - - Carboxyl Methyl Cellulose (CMC) - - - one Lignosulfonate 0.3 0.3 0.5 0.5 Liquid glass - - - 0.1

The use of the invention provides the following technical result:

- expanding the scope of products obtained from the proposed raw mixes.

The specified technical result in the implementation of the invention is achieved by the fact that the raw material mixture for the manufacture of high-temperature insulating products based on diatomite contains diatomite, chalk, refractory or bentonite clay, sodium lignosulfonate, liquid glass and burnable additives.

The peculiarity lies in the fact that the raw material mixture contains diatomite of two different fractions: quarry crushed diatomite and dispersed calcined diatomite and for the density of the products obtained 750 kg / m ³ has the following ratio of components in wt.%:

crushed career diatomite with medium fraction of 5 mm 67.7 burnt diatomite dispersed with an average fraction of 12 microns fifteen burnable additives fifteen bentonite clay 2 sodium lignosulfonate 0.3

total 100%;

for the density of the obtained products 850 kg / m ³ has the following ratio of components in wt.%:

crushed career diatomite with medium fraction of 5 mm 83.7 burnt diatomite dispersed with an average fraction of 12 microns 12 burnable additives 3 bentonite clay one sodium lignosulfonate 0.3

total 100%;

for the density of the products obtained 950 kg / m ³ has the following ratio of components in wt.%:

crushed career diatomite with medium fraction of 5 mm 82.5 burnt diatomite dispersed with an average fraction of 12 microns 12 burnable additives 3 refractory clay 2 sodium lignosulfonate 0.5

total 100%;

for the density of the products obtained 1050 kg / m ³ contains carboxylmethyl cellulose and has the following ratio of components in wt.%:

crushed career diatomite with medium fraction of 5 mm 67.4 burnt diatomite dispersed with an average fraction of 12 microns 12 burnable additives 2 a piece of chalk fifteen refractory clay 2 sodium lignosulfonate 0.5 liquid glass 0.1 carboxyl methyl cellulose one

total 100%.

The use of the selected components in the proposed raw material mixtures allows to increase the operating temperature of the insulating material to 1150 ° C.

The composition of the mixtures and the properties of high-temperature insulating products are presented in table 1.

From the data of the table it follows that the proposed compositions of the raw material mixture can reduce the apparent density, increase compressive strength and obtain high-temperature heat-insulating products that are not destroyed under conditions of variable temperatures. Such products can be used for the manufacture of both protected and non-working heat-insulating linings of industrial thermal units.

Table 1 Properties of high temperature thermal insulation products The name of indicators Product Specifications Application temperature, ° С 950 950 1000 1150 Strength under compression, MPa, not less 7 9 16 twenty Thermal conductivity, W / (m * K), no more than: - at 200 ° C 0.17 0.19 0.27 0.38 - at 400 ° C 0.18 0.21 0.28 0.44 - at 600 ° C 0.19 0.23 0.31 0.52 Pyrometric cone resistance, ° C 1350-1550 1350-1550 1350-1550 1350-1550 Density, kg / m ³ 750 850 950 1050

Thus, the foregoing description indicates the fulfillment of the following set of conditions when using the claimed invention:

- a tool embodying the claimed invention, in its implementation is intended for the manufacture of high-temperature thermal insulation products;

- for the claimed compositions of raw mixes in the form as described in the claims, the possibility of their implementation using the means and methods described in the application is confirmed;

- a tool embodying the claimed invention in the implementation, is able to ensure the achievement of the perceived by the applicant of the assigned technical tasks.

Therefore, the claimed invention meets the condition of "industrial applicability".

Claims (1)

The raw material mixture for the manufacture of high-temperature insulating products based on diatomite, characterized in that to obtain products with a density of 750 kg / m ^{3 the} raw mixture contains, wt.%:
crushed career diatomite with medium fraction of 5 mm 67.7 burnt diatomite dispersed with an average fraction of 12 microns fifteen burnable additives 13 bentonite clay 2 sodium lignosulfonate 0.3,
to obtain products with a density of 850 kg / m ^{3 the} raw mixture contains, wt.%:
crushed career diatomite with medium fraction of 5 mm 83.7 burnt diatomite dispersed with an average fraction of 12 microns 12 burnable additives 3 bentonite clay one sodium lignosulfonate 0.3,
to obtain products with a density of 950 kg / m ^{3 the} raw mixture contains, wt.%:
crushed career diatomite with medium fraction of 5 mm 82.5 burnt diatomite dispersed with an average fraction of 12 microns 12 burnable additives 3 refractory clay 2 sodium lignosulfonate 0.5,
to obtain products with a density of 1050 kg / m ^{3 the} raw mixture contains, wt.%:
crushed career diatomite with medium fraction of 5 mm 67.4 burnt diatomite dispersed with an average fraction of 12 microns 12 burnable additives 2 a piece of chalk fifteen refractory clay 2 sodium lignosulfonate 0.5 liquid glass 0.1 carboxyl methyl cellulose one