RU2458026C2 - Composition for modifying ceramic structural materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to aqueous dispersion compositions used in production of ceramic structural materials for modifying properties thereof by treating the surface of ready articles. The composition for modifying ceramic structural materials contains an aqueous dispersion of paraffin C₁₉H₄₀-C₃₅H₇₂ and ceresin C₃₇H₇₆-C₅₃H₇₂ (hydrophobisation substances), emulsified in an aqueous medium by monoethanolamide of oleic acid, and additionally a hydrophobisation regulator - class 15000 and 30000 hydroxyethyl cellulose and an anti-mould additive - Parmetol A26. Components are in the following ratio in wt %: paraffin 10.0-30.0, ceresin 10.0-30.0, oleic acid monoethanolamide emulsifier 2.5-4.0, hydroxyethyl cellulose 15000 0.5-1.5, hydroxyethyl cellulose 30000 0.5-1.0, Parmetol A26 0.25-1.0, soft water - up to 100.

EFFECT: endowing ceramic structural articles with an optimum controlled level of water absorption and anti-mould properties, as well as low cost of the composition and low toxicity thereof.

5 ex, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to water-dispersion compositions used in the manufacture of ceramic building materials to modify their properties. The invention can be used to process ceramic building materials in order to give the latter an optimal controlled level of water absorption and anti-mold properties.

It is known that the level of water absorption of ceramic building materials has a significant impact on their properties at the construction stage and, in particular, during the operation of buildings and structures. GOST 530-95 and GOST 7484-78 on brick and ceramic stones set only the minimum values of the level of water absorption of products. The new GOST 530-2007, introduced instead, regulates the interval of water absorption of 6-14% for facial products. For many brick factories, a sufficiently narrow interval of water absorption indicated in GOST 530-2007 turned out to be unattainable due to the peculiarities of the production technology and the binding of raw materials to a specific deposit.

Known water-repellent compositions designed to significantly reduce the level of water absorption of building materials, for example GKZH-10 (TU 6-02-69-72). The composition is a 30% aqueous-alcoholic solution of sodium or potassium methyl or ethyl siliconate. The silicates included in the formulation create a water-impermeable film during curing and reduce the water absorption of the treated product. However, the composition of GKZH-10 is fire hazardous and toxic.

Also known is GKZh-94 water repellent (GOST 10834-76), which is a solution of the products of the hydrolysis of ethyl dichlorosilane in a mixture of toluene, gasoline and white spirit. Reducing water absorption of the processed composition of the product occurs due to the formation of a continuous "non-breathing" film. The disadvantages of GKZh-94 include fire and explosion hazard and toxicity.

Closest to the patented invention is a tool "Hydroshield super" (TU 2229-001-18803389-2000). The hydrophobizing agent indicated as a prototype is a finely divided composition of water-based organosilicon polymers. The composition of the fire and explosion safety, easily penetrates deep into the workpiece, reduces the level of water absorption by 4-8 times. "Hydroshield super" is available in ready-to-use form, dilution with water is not allowed.

However, the use of organosilicon polymers for hydrophobization causes a high cost of the Hydroshield super agent. The composition has strongly alkaline properties (pH 11.9-12.5), and there is also no information about the possibility of implementing adjustable values of water absorption of the processed product.

The objective of the invention is the regulated hydrophobization (reduction of water absorption) of ceramic building materials while giving the latter anti-mold properties, reducing the cost of the composition and reducing its toxicity.

This problem is achieved by the fact that the basis of the claimed composition is an aqueous dispersion of hydrocarbons into which a hydrophobization regulator and an anti-mold additive are introduced.

The inventive composition for the modification of ceramic building materials is an aqueous dispersion of paraffin C ₁₉ N ₄₀ -C ₃₅ H ₇₂ (GOST 23683-89) and ceresin C ₃₇ N ₇₆ -C ₅₃ N ₇₂ (GOST 2488-79) as hydrophobic substances emulsified in an aqueous medium, oleic acid monoethanolamide (MEAOK) containing a hydrophobization regulator - hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) grades 15000 and 30000 and an anti-mold additive - Parmetol A26 in the following ratio, wt.%:

Paraffin 10.0-30.0 Ceresin 10.0-30.0 Emulsifier MEAOK 2.5-4.0 SCE 15000 0.5-1.5 GEC 30000 0.5-1.0 Parmetol A26 0.25-1.0 Softened water up to 100

The dispersed phase of the claimed composition (hydrophobizing substance) is emulsifier-stabilized paraffin-ceresin particles with sizes of 300-700 nm, which allows the composition to penetrate through the microcapillaries into the processed material, partially clogging the latter, thereby performing hydrophobization. The introduction of a regulator (HEC 15000 and HEC 30000) makes it possible to achieve the level of water absorption specified in GOST 530-2007 (from 6 to 14%). The introduction of Parmetol A26 gives treated building materials resistance to mold.

Despite the fact that the components of the claimed composition are part of some hydrophobic compositions, the claimed composition for the modification of ceramic building materials, having the specified combination of components with a certain quantitative ratio, was not previously known.

Processing ceramic products of the claimed composition is carried out by dipping the latter into the composition, followed by drying to constant weight.

The technological process of preparing the composition for the modification of ceramic building materials is carried out in a reactor equipped with a combined stirrer, a jacket for heating / cooling and an external ultrahomogenizer with a recirculation loop. The process proceeds at a temperature of 90 to 25 ° C with continuous mixing and homogenization. Further, the product is vacuumized to reduce the dissolved oxygen content, which significantly reduces the possibility of oxidizing the composition and increases its shelf life.

Packing of the composition is carried out on the filling line in polymer drums with a capacity of 50, 100 and 200 liters.

Production safety is stipulated by the relevant sections of the regulation and safety instructions. According to the degree of fire and explosion hazard, the production of the claimed composition belongs to category “B”, according to sanitary design standards - non-toxic, according to the rules of electrical installations - non-explosive. There are no by-products, wastewater and air emissions from the production of the composition.

The inventive composition for the modification of ceramic building materials was obtained as follows.

Example 1. Preparation of the composition (calculated per 100 wt.%)

65 wt.% Softened water is poured into the reactor, heated to 85-90 ° С, 3.0 wt.% Of the MEAOK emulsifier are loaded, 1.0 wt.% Of the SCEC regulator is 15000, 0.5 wt.% Of the SCEC controller is 30,000, 0, 5 wt.% Parmetol A26, stirred until complete dissolution. Then, a molten hydrocarbon is fed into the resulting aqueous phase — paraffin 15 wt.% And ceresin 15 wt.% At a temperature of 75-85 ° C. The ultrahomogenizer is turned on for recirculation and gradually cooled to 25-30 ° C. The test results of the composition are shown in the table (Example 1).

Example 2

While maintaining the technological conditions of example 1 take 60.5 wt.% Softened water, 2.75 wt.% Emulsifier MEAOK, 1.0 wt.% HEC 15000, 0.5 wt.% HEC 30000, 0.25 wt.% Parmetol A26, 20 wt.% Paraffin, 15 wt.% Ceresin.

Example 3

While maintaining the technological conditions of example 1 take 59 wt.% Softened water, 3.5 wt.% Emulsifier MEAOK, 0.5 wt.% HEC 15000, 1.0 wt.% HEC 30000, 1.0 wt.% Parmetol A26, 15 wt.% Paraffin, 20 wt.% Ceresin.

Example 4

While maintaining the technological conditions of example 1, take 53 wt.% Softened water, 4.0 wt.% Emulsifier MEAOK, 1.5 wt.% HEC 15000, 1.0 wt.% HEC 30,000, 0.5 wt.% Parmetol A26, 10 wt.% Paraffin, 30 wt.% Ceresin.

Example 5

While maintaining the technological conditions of example 1 take 55 wt.% Softened water, 3.0 wt.% Emulsifier MEAOK, 1.0 wt.% HEC 15000, 0.5 wt.% HEC 30,000, 0.5 wt.% Parmetol A26, 30 wt.% Paraffin, 10 wt.% Ceresin.

For testing was taken a batch of face brick brand "ivory" produced by the Norsky Ceramic Plant, Yaroslavl in the amount of 70 pieces. The processing of bricks by the claimed composition (examples 1-5) and the composition of the prototype (example 6) was carried out by dipping for 30 seconds in a container with a modifying composition (The time for dipping a sample is determined by the design capacity of the enterprise conveyor based on the standard for shift production.). Then the samples were dried to constant weight at a temperature of 105-115 ° C and tested for water absorption according to GOST 7025-91. Averaged data for a series of 10 pcs. for processed and control samples are shown in the table (examples 1-7). The test results indicate that, due to the high penetrating power of the dispersed phase in combination with an effective hydrophobization regulator, the patented composition gives the treated ceramic materials the optimum value of water absorption (in the range from 6 to 14% in accordance with the requirements of GOST 530-2007), unlike the prototype.

Claims (1)

Composition for modifying ceramic building materials, which is an aqueous dispersion of organic substances, characterized in that C ₁₉ H ₄₀ -C ₃₅ H ₇₂ paraffin and C ₃₇ H ₇₆ -C ₅₃ H ₇₂ ceresin emulsified in an aqueous medium with monoethanolamide are used as hydrophobic substances oleic acid (MEAOK), the hydrophobization regulator-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) of grades 15000 and 30000 and the anti-mold additive Parmetol A26 are additionally used in the following ratio, wt.%:
Paraffin 10.0-30.0 Ceresin 10.0-30.0 Emulsifier MEAOK 2.5-4.0 SCE 15000 0.5-1.5 GEC 30000 0.5-1.0 Parmetol A26 0.25-1.0 Softened water Up to 100