RU2456793C2 - Working unit of stripping rotor - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the agricultural machinery industry and may be used for harvesting seeds of crops by stripping method standing. The working unit of the stripping rotor includes a comb with stripping teeth 2 and a pad under the comb. The pad consists of at least two overlapping pin plates 3, 4, 5, made of elastic material. Under the influence of the comb teeth 2 bending when stripping of the stand, the plates 3, 4, 5 of the pad slide relative to each other.

EFFECT: due to friction between the plates 3, 4, 5 of the pad the vibration of the working unit is damped, which contributes to improving the quality of stripping.

4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery and can be used in devices for harvesting seeds of crops by combing on the vine.

A well-known working unit of the cleaning rotor [Eurasian patent No. 002649 B1, A01D 41/08, 45/30, published 08/29/2002], including cleaning teeth and a pressure plate located below the teeth. The working unit is mounted on the drum, an elastic protrusion is made in the upper part of each tooth, the pressure plate is made of wear-resistant solid material. According to this invention, the elastic protrusion at the end of the tooth allows the tooth to enter the stalk easier, pushing it apart without sharp impacts on the stems of the plants. The teeth are pressed against the brushing rotor bracket by a pressure plate made of hard wear-resistant material.

The disadvantages of the known working block stripping rotor are as follows. Firstly, low-quality tow and grain losses due to the fact that the inelastic main part of the tooth, toughened by the pressing plate of hard material, sharply striking the stems, breaks off and tears them off, increasing the content of straw particles in the carved mass, in addition, the impact leads to prematurely knocking out grains from an ear, i.e. to the losses. Secondly, the impact of the main inelastic part of the tooth on an obstacle (for example, on the ground) can lead to breakage. Thirdly, the manufacture of a tooth with different stiffnesses in length complicates its production and increases the cost.

The closest analogue (prototype) is the working unit of the combing rotor of the CVS header of Shelbourne Reynolds Engineering Ltd. (Great Britain) [Combining harvester CVS http://www.rassian-shelbourne.ru, and also see Chelbourne Header Cvs 24, Parts Manual, Shelbourne Reynolds, Stanton, England ”] (copy, fragment attached), including a comb with combed teeth and a tooth plate lining in the form of a finger plate. The working unit is mounted on a drum, the combing comb has springing teeth made of stainless steel, and the finger plate is made of plastic. The fingers of the lining plate play the stop for the teeth of the comb comb. The springing teeth of the combing comb when meeting an obstacle have the ability to deviate without breaking within the elasticity of the lining.

The disadvantages of the known working block stripping rotor (prototype) are as follows. Firstly, low-quality tow and grain loss. This is due to the fact that the plastic lining, having insufficient elasticity, does not allow the brushing teeth to bend sufficiently under the influence of grain stand to mitigate the impact on the grain stand, as a result of which the plant stems, receiving impact, breaking off and tearing, fall into the combed mass, clogging it. In addition, the inelastic fingers of the plastic lining become deformed and move away from them under the action of springy brushing teeth. Without contact with the lining, the brushing teeth begin to vibrate, dropping from the surface transported grains and spikelets (panicles, beans) extracted during towing, thereby increasing grain loss. Secondly, when meeting with a solid obstacle (for example, with the ground), the finger of the inelastic plastic lining undergoes severe deformation and does not recover, then with subsequent blows, the brushing tooth that is left without support is deformed, which, accordingly, will affect the quality of the brushing. Thirdly, the manufacture of a sophisticated combing comb from an elastic material is expensive.

The task of the invention is to improve towing quality, reduce grain losses, reduce the cost of manufacturing brushing teeth and increase their reliability by giving the lining the necessary elasticity and strength, that is, eliminating the causes of the disadvantages of the prototype.

The problem is solved as follows.

The working unit of the stripping rotor, like its prototype, includes a comb with stripping teeth and a lining for the stripping teeth in the form of a finger plate. In contrast to the prototype in the claimed device, the finger plate of the lining is made of elastic material. The implementation of the lining of elastic material (for example, of elastic steel) allows you to transfer the springy properties of the brushing teeth on the fingers of the lining and to make a comb of brushing teeth of lower quality material (for example, of lower quality steel), this reduces the cost of production, since the finger plate of the lining is much simpler than combing comb. With this embodiment of the working unit, the inelastic brushing teeth under the influence of the stand are constantly pressed to the lining, and since the lining is elastic, the degree of bending of the brushing teeth increases and the quality of the tow is improved. The vibration of the teeth and fingers is damped due to their friction with each other, which prevents the ejection of grains and ears (panicles, beans) displaced on the surface of the brushing teeth that are extracted during towing, and, as a result, grain losses are reduced.

In addition, in specific versions of this working unit, the lining is made of at least two finger plates superimposed on each other. When introduced into the bread-stand and when faced with an obstacle, such a lining gives elastic deflections, possessing at the same time the necessary strength, which helps to improve the quality of tow and increase the reliability of the working unit. Moreover, this design of the lining allows you to quickly dampen the vibration of the working unit due to friction between the teeth of the combing comb and the fingers of the first plate from the comb, and between the fingers of the lining plates stacked on top of each other. Due to this, grain losses are reduced.

In addition, in specific versions of this working unit, each subsequent finger from the combing tooth is lined with a finger of the lining plate shorter than the finger of the previous plate. This implementation of the lining allows you to obtain sufficient deflection of the brushing teeth in the process of towing the grain mass and when struck by an obstacle and at the same time provides the necessary strength of the base of the teeth. This improves the quality of tow and increases the reliability of the working unit.

In addition, in specific versions of this working block, preliminary preliminary bending of the brushing teeth and fingers of the lining plates was made, this allows them to bend to a greater extent when they meet a solid obstacle, i.e. to take stronger shocks, in addition, due to preliminary bending, the force of pressing the teeth and fingers to each other increases, accordingly, the friction forces between them increase and their vibration is quickly extinguished. Due to this, tow quality is improved, grain losses are reduced, and the reliability of the working unit is increased.

In addition, in specific versions of this working block, the finger plates of the lining are made of various thicknesses, this allows you to achieve the necessary elasticity of the working block and, accordingly, increase its reliability and tow quality.

The technical solution is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows the working unit mounted on the drum stripping rotor with preliminary static bending, section, example, fragment;

figure 2 - working block stripping rotor type A, example, fragment;

figure 3 - working block stripping rotor without preliminary static bending, section, example, fragment.

In the drawings, the following position designations are adopted:

1 - combing comb; 2 - combing tooth; 3, 5, 6 - the first, second and third from the combing comb comb the finger plates of the lining, respectively; 4, 7, 8 - fingers of the first, second and third from the stripping comb of the lining plates, respectively; 9 - fastener; 10 - bracket; 11 - drum.

The working unit of the combing rotor contains a combing comb 1 (Figs. 1-3) with teeth 2, the first from the combing comb plate of the lining 3 with fingers 4, the second 5 and third 6 of the plate with fingers 7, 8, respectively. The working unit by means of a fastening element 9 is mounted on the bracket 10 of the drum 11.

The working unit of the stripping rotor operates as follows.

When the rotation of the drum 11 (Fig.1-3), the teeth 2 of the combing comb 1 are introduced into the bread stand. Under the resistance of the stems, the free ends of the teeth 2 of the combing comb 1 begin to deviate backward and press on the fingers 4 of the first lining plate 3 from the combing comb. With increasing pressure, the free ends of the fingers 4 of the first plate of the lining 3 also begin to deviate backwards and press on the fingers 7 of the second from the comb of the plate 5 of the lining. With a further increase in pressure, the fingers 7 of the second lining plate 5 also begin to deviate backwards and press on the fingers 8 of the third plate 6. Since the fingers 4 of the first plate 3 of the lining are longer than the fingers 7 of the second plate 5, and those are longer than the fingers 8 of the third plate 6, then the dents 2 turns smooth. This prevents a sharp blow of the combing teeth 2 on the stems of the plants, the stems are moved apart by the teeth 2 without sharp blows, break off less and tear off, loosen and comb well with grain, prevent premature knocking of grains from spikelets, spikelets are combed out better and break off less, i.e. towing quality improves. As you exit the stem under the action of elastic fingers 4, 7, 8 of the lining, the brushing teeth 2 return to their original position. When bending in one direction or another, the teeth 2 of the combing comb 1 and the fingers 4, 7, 8 of the overlapping plates 3, 5, 6 of the lining slide relative to each other and, due to their friction with each other, the vibration of the working unit is quickly damped. Due to the rapid damping of vibrations, the grains and spikelets transported on the surface of the brushing teeth 2 and the spikelets selected during towing are not discarded by vibration and, consequently, grain loss is reduced. When encountering a solid obstacle due to the fact that the lining is assembled from elastic finger plates 3, 5, 6 superimposed on each other, and the preliminary static bending of the teeth 2 and fingers 4, 7, 8 is made, the working block of the stripping rotor bends sufficiently and the possibility of breakage is eliminated, reliability is increased.

The use of the claimed invention will improve the quality of towing, reduce grain loss, reduce the manufacturing cost of brushing teeth and increase the reliability of the working unit of the brushing rotor.

Claims (4)

1. The working unit of the combing rotor, including a comb with combing teeth and a lining for the comb in the form of a finger plate, characterized in that the finger plate of the lining is made of elastic material, and the lining consists of at least two finger plates superimposed on each other . 2. The working unit of the stripping rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that each finger of the lining plate subsequent to the brushing tooth is shorter than the finger of the previous plate. 3. The working unit of the combing rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that a preliminary static bending of the brushing teeth and fingers of the lining plates is made. 4. The working unit of the stripping rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that the finger plates of the lining are made of various thicknesses.

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