RU2454062C2 - Method to dry and process flax pile - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture. The proposed method consists in the following. A dry pile is separated to extract waste with a rotor separator of axial feed, the separated pile is dried under natural conditions, as laid in an even layer onto a site with a solid cover, periodically moved as it dries naturally with side rakes or an agitator, providing for side throwing of the material, processed with pile-processing technical facilities.

EFFECT: invention provides for considerable reduction of fuel and power consumption, increased quality of flax seeds.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, and in particular to methods of post-harvest drying and processing of flax heap obtained by combing flax stalks with a combine.

Known methods of drying and processing heaps, including loading raw heap of flax in floor, conveyor, rotary and container dryers and processing it using heap processing machines VR-1,2, thresher MV-2,5A, flax cutter, grain harvesters SK-4, Niva , Don-1200 (Solovyov A.Ya. The educational book of the flax farmer / A.Ya. Soloviev, L.M. Klyatis. - M: Kolos. - 1975. - 167 p .; Bolotov I.N. Complex mechanization of flax growing / I. N. Bolotov, A. A. Kozyreva, P. K. Kondrashuk, etc. - L. - M.: Selkhozizdat. - 1962. - S.203-206, 136-140; V.I. Zelenko. Rotary dryers / V.I. Zelenko. - State Unitary Enterprise "Tver Regional book and magazine publishing." - 2002. - S.101-136).

A common disadvantage of the known methods of drying and processing flaxseed is the high consumption of fuel and electricity for the useless drying of the confusion contained in the heap, which has a moisture content significantly higher than seed boxes. In addition, due to the presence of confusion in the heap, the throughput of the equipment for processing the dried heap decreases.

A known method of drying and processing flaxseed (Trush M.M. Directory of flax farmer / M.M. Trush, F.M. Karpunin. - Leningrad. - Agropromizdat. - 1985. - P.146) in workshops with a conveyor dryer and related technical equipment . The technological process of the known method consists in unloading the heap from the tractor trailer onto the loader conveyor, which feeds it to the drum. The drum loosens the heap and directs it to the conveyor of the dryer. After loading the conveyors, the VPT-600 air heaters are turned on and dried. As the heap dries, MV-2.5A threshing machine and equipment for removing chaff, confusion and dust are used for its processing.

The disadvantage of this method is the high consumption of fuel and electricity spent during drying and processing of heaps containing a significant amount of mud and stalks of weeds. The high fuel consumption is also due to the low coefficient of heat utilization of the supplied air flow on a conveyor dryer.

A known method of drying and processing heaps in workshops with a countercurrent rotary dryer (Klyuev M.E. Production of agricultural crops on an industrial basis / M.E. Klyuev, A.P. Vyugin, P.A. Andreev, etc. - M .: Rosselkhozizdat . - 1984. - S.266-269, prototype). With this method, the flax harvested from the flax harvester is unloaded from the tractor trailer to the conveyor loader, which feeds it to a movable conveyor distributor that distributes the material evenly over the surface of the drying chamber platform. After closing the entire surface of the platform with a flax, a fan and an air heater are turned on. When the dried material in the lower part reaches a conditioned humidity, it is unloaded and processed on a MV-2.5A thresher. The obtained seeds are noria loaded into the hopper, and the floor and the confusion by the fan is removed outside the drying point.

The disadvantage of this method is the high consumption of fuel and electricity during drying and processing of flaxseed containing a significant amount of mud and stalks of weeds. At the same time, a significant drawback is the decrease in seed germination by heated air during artificial drying.

The objective of the invention is to develop a method of drying and processing flaxseed, which allows to reduce fuel consumption, electricity during drying and processing of flaxseed and significantly improve the quality of the seeds.

The object of the invention is solved by the fact that the method of drying and processing flax heap involves pre-separation of the confusion from the raw heap with an axial-feed rotary separator, natural drying of the separated heap laid in an even layer on a hard-coated platform, periodic tedding as it is naturally dried by side rake or tedder, providing lateral transfer of material.

The efficiency of separating confusion and grassy impurities from raw heaps is achieved by dragging the material with a thin layer on the sieve surface of the comb conveyor and repeatedly exposing the axial-rotor device that is included in the set of equipment for separating raw flax heap KOS-2 (Acceptance test protocol for a set of equipment for separating raw heaps) flax heap KOS-2 No. 05-19-07. Tver region, Torzhoksky district, settlement Zeleny. 2007).

Due to the fact that the separation of the separated heap for natural drying is carried out on a flat surface with a hard coating, having a small transverse slope for water drainage, using a self-unloading cart with a conveyor, for example, a manure spreader, and periodic heaping of the heap during natural drying is carried out using a side rake or tedders, providing lateral transfer of material, high heap drying efficiency and quality of flax seeds are achieved due to the increase of their germination capacity and with the absence of heated air during drying.

The grinding of seed bolls, carried out by flattening with a roller planetary threshing device, the separation of seeds from a small frayed heap with a pneumatic rotary device by blowing repeatedly dispersed material, allows you to get flax seeds of high sowing conditions.

Thanks to the use of the proposed method of drying and processing flaxseed, a significant reduction in fuel and energy consumption is provided, and the quality of flax seeds is improved due to an increase in their germination.

The claimed invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a method for drying and processing flaxseed, figure 2 is a production line for drying and processing of flaxseed, general view, axonometry.

The method of drying and processing flaxseed includes the following operations:

- supply of raw heap to the separating device;

- separation of seed bolls from confusion by a rotary separator with axial feed;

- loading the separated heap into a self-unloading cart with a conveyor;

- unloading the separated heap from a self-unloading cart with a conveyor in a uniform layer;

- tedding a heap with a side rake or a tedder, providing lateral transfer of material;

- transportation of heaps to equipment for its processing;

- processing of flaxseed on equipment for grinding the seed bolls and isolating flax seeds from the ground mass.

The claimed method of drying and processing flaxseed is as follows.

The raw flax from the tractor cart 1 is dumped onto the receiving platform 2, from which portions of material are dragged in a thin layer along the sieve surface of the comb conveyor 3 and dumped into the hopper of the axial-rotor separator 4, under the repeated action of the scourges of the separator 4, the seed boxes come off from the stems and are separated through the bar of the deck, and the mud and stalks of weeds are thrown out by the thrower. The separated heap is conveyed by a conveyor belt 5 to a self-unloading cart 6, for example, a manure spreader, after filling it with a tractor, it is taken to the unloading place with an even layer of 15-20 cm thick on a hard surface. In the course of natural drying, heap is ted using a special technical means 6, which provides lateral transfer of material, for example, a special tedder or upgraded side rake, while the heap rolls are moved towards the covered room 7, in which belt conveyors 8 are installed, which provide feeding the separated dry heap into equipment for its processing (Protocol of preliminary tests of equipment for processing flax heap No. 05-21-09. TV rskaya region, Torzhok district, pos. Green. 2009). Grinding of seed bolls is carried out by conditioning with a roller planetary threshing device 9, for example, a roller threshing machine, from where a small frayed heap is fed into a pneumatic rotary device 10, where flax seeds are extracted by blowing repeatedly dispersed material.

Drying and processing of separated flaxseed according to the claimed method, including tedding it under natural conditions, are industrially feasible and can significantly reduce fuel and electricity consumption, as well as improve the quality of seed material.

Claims (4)

1. A method of drying and processing flaxseed, including the separation of raw heap for the production of confusion, drying seed bunches, periodically tedding them and processing with heap processing equipment, characterized in that it includes the preliminary isolation of heap from raw heap by an axial-fed rotary separator, natural drying of the separated heap , laid in an even layer on a paved area, periodic tedding as it is naturally dried by a side rake or tedder, about effectiveness to lateral throwing of the material. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the extraction of tangle from the raw heap is carried out by dragging the material with a thin layer along the sieve surface of the comb conveyor and repeatedly exposing the axial-rotor separator to pests. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the stacking of the separated heap for natural drying is carried out on a flat surface with a hard coating, having a small transverse slope for the flow of water, using a self-unloading cart with a conveyor. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the grinding of seed boxes is carried out by conditioning with a roller planetary threshing device, and the selection of seeds from a small frayed heap - pneumatic rotary device by blowing repeatedly dispersed material.

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