RU2444635C2 - Rotary engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: proposed engine comprises housing with intake opening and working chamber, two-lobe rotor with larger and smaller axes of symmetry, and pump with intake opening. Two-lobe rotor is fitted on camshaft. Pump is fitted on camshaft and incorporates two-lobe rotor. Engine and pump housing inner chamber outlines represent circumference conchoids. Pump intake opening is made in pump housing. Inlet opening top edge matches the lobe of pump rotor at dead center. Exhaust opening is made in engine housing. Air-inlet valve is arranged on engine working surface in the zone of combustion chamber. Slide valve is arranged between engine and pump housing and has holes perpendicular to its axis and communicated by channel. One hole is arranged opposite bypass valve in engine housing while another one is arranged opposite bypass valve in pump housing. Combustion chamber is arranged between engine rotor top working surface and engine chamber working surface when rotor stays at dead center by setting the angle between radii and engine and pump cams.

EFFECT: higher efficiency and reliability.

1 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to internal combustion engines and can be used in various fields of industry, in aircraft construction, shipbuilding, automotive and others.

Known rotary engine (RPD), comprising a housing with a working cavity, a two-vertex rotor with a large and small axis of symmetry mounted on an eccentric shaft in the cavity of the housing, sealing elements located at the tops of the rotor and made in the form of plates, a synchronizing gear gear, the fixed gear of which mounted on the eccentric shaft bearing coaxially with it and mated to the gear of the internal gearing of the rotor. The diameter of the fixed gear is equal to half the diameter of the internal gear. The eccentricity of the shaft eccentric is half the diameter of the stationary gear. The contour of the working surface of the body cavity is made on the conchoid of a circle. The inlet and outlet windows on the side wall of the housing are offset from its plane of symmetry in the direction of rotation of the eccentric shaft, with the inlet windows offset 90 ° and the exhaust windows 35 ° -40 ° (patent RU No. 2015372 F02B 53/00).

The closest to the claimed technical essence and the achieved result, selected as a prototype is a rotary engine containing a housing with an exhaust window and with a working cavity, a two-vertex rotor with large and small axis of symmetry mounted on an eccentric shaft, a pump with an intake window mounted coaxially with a rotary engine on an eccentric shaft, containing a two-vertex rotor, the contours of the working surface of the cavity of the motor housing and the pump, made along the conchoid of a circle, in two-vertex rotors of the engine On the end surfaces of the pump and the pump, grooves are made along the major axis of symmetry of the rotor, the eccentric shafts of the motor and pump are synchronously interconnected, between the motor housing and the pump housing there is a combustion chamber with a nozzle located on it, mounted on the pump housing, while in the middle of the nozzle installed on the motor housing, an annular cutout is made, and a piston type valve is installed in said nozzle, a spring-loaded poppet is installed in the nozzle mounted on the pump housing pan, while in the middle part of the specified pipe a hole is made, the piston-type valve stem and the poppet valve stem are synchronously interconnected, grooves along the major axis of symmetry of the rotor are made in the two-vertex rotors of the engine and pump, and the width of the grooves is equal to the diameter of the fingers installed in the conchoid pole, the pump inlet window is made in the pump casing, and the upper edge of the inlet window coincides with the top of the pump rotor located at the dead point, the exhaust window is made in the motor casing la, moreover, an anti-vacuum valve is installed on the working surface of the engine (see patent RU 2377426 C2, F02B 53/08, 2009, 11 pp. (1)).

The problem solved by the invention is the improvement of a rotary engine.

The technical result from the use of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the engine, reliability, cost of manufacture, by changing the shape of the combustion chamber, due to the unreliability of the spring-valve system, the presence of residual gases, inefficient use of maximum pressure in creating torque and execution at the end the surfaces of the rotors of the motor and the groove pump along the major axis of symmetry, and the installation of the fingers in the pole of the conchoid, leading to a technical contradiction Installation of pump and motor on a common eccentric shaft, since in this case the grooves will cross the eccentric shaft and the fingers are cut ends of the rotors.

The technical result is achieved in that in a rotary engine containing an engine casing with an exhaust window and a working cavity, with a two-vertex rotor with a large and small axis of symmetry, a pump casing with an intake window and a working cavity, with a two-vertex rotor with a large and small axis of symmetry, the housing engine and pump mounted on a common eccentric shaft, known internal gear gears and fixed gears with a gear ratio of 1: 2, the combustion chamber is made between the upper working surface of the mouth RA and the working surface of the engine cavity by turning the radius of the eccentric of the engine, relative to the radius of the eccentric of the pump, in the direction of rotation of the eccentric shaft, an angle between the motor housing and the pump is installed, in which the holes are made at the ends perpendicular to the axis of the valve, the holes are connected by a channel made along the spool axis, one spool hole is installed opposite the bypass hole in the motor housing, the other is opposite the bypass hole in the pump housing.

Thus, a rotary engine containing a housing with an exhaust window and with a working cavity, a two-vertex rotor with large and small axes of symmetry mounted on an eccentric shaft, a pump with an intake window mounted on an eccentric shaft, containing a two-vertex rotor, the contours of the working surface of the cavity of the motor housing and the pump, made on a conchoid of a circle, the pump inlet window is made in the pump casing, and the upper edge of the inlet window coincides with the top of the pump rotor located at the dead point, the exhaust window is made o in the engine casing, moreover, an anti-vacuum valve is installed on the working surface of the engine, characterized in that the anti-vacuum valve is installed in the area of the combustion chamber, a spool is installed between the pump casing and the engine with holes perpendicular to the axis of the spool connected by a channel, one hole is opposite the bypass holes in the motor housing, another is installed opposite the bypass hole in the pump housing, the combustion chamber is installed between the upper working surface of the rotor of the engine the holder and the working surface of the engine cavity at the time the pump rotor is at a dead point, by setting the angle between the radii of the eccentrics of the pump and the engine.

Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a rotary engine in the context; figure 2 is a view along arrow A; figure 3 is a section along AA; figure 4 is a view of the rotors of the pump and motor from the end; figure 5 is a view of the eccentric shaft from the end; 6 is an indicator diagram of a four-stroke internal combustion engine.

The rotary engine comprises a pump housing 1. The internal working surfaces of the pump cavity are made along a conchoid of a circle with a pole “O” lying on this circle.

A rotor 2 is installed in the housing 1. The working surfaces of the rotor are made along a conchoid of a circle.

The rotor 2 is mounted with the ability to rotate on the eccentric 3 of the eccentric shaft 4.

The eccentric shaft 4 is installed with the ability to rotate in the bearings 5 installed in the housings 1 and 6.

The spool 7 is installed with the ability to rotate in the housing 1 and 6.

Holes 8 are made in the spool 7. On the spool 7 and on the eccentric shaft 4 with the ability to rotate, synchronizing gears 9 are installed (Fig. 3).

In the engine casing 6 is installed with the ability to rotate on the eccentric 10 of the eccentric shaft 4, the rotor 11.

An exhaust window 12 is made in the engine casing 6.

An inlet window 13 is made in the pump housing 1.

A combustion chamber 14 is installed in the engine casing 6 (FIG. 1; FIG. 3).

In the end surfaces of the rotor 2 of the pump 1 and the rotor 11 of the engine 6 are installed identical gears of the internal gearing 15.

Identical stationary gears 16 are installed on the end walls of the internal cavities of the pump 1 and engine 6 housings on bearings 5.

In the area of the combustion chamber 14, an anti-vacuum valve 17 and a spark plug 18 are installed (Figure 3).

In the pump housing 1, a bypass hole 19 is made.

In the engine casing 6, a bypass hole 20 is made.

In the housing 21 is installed with the ability to rotate on the eccentric 22 of the eccentric shaft 4 counterweight 23.

In the housing 24 is installed with the ability to rotate on the eccentric 25 of the eccentric shaft 4 counterweight 26.

A hole 27 is made in the spool 7.

Holes 8, 27 are connected by a connecting channel 28.

Rotary engine operates as follows.

Before starting, the pump rotor is, for example, at a dead center.

The bypass openings 19 of the pump 1 and 20 of the engine 6 are blocked by the body of the spool 7.

The inlet window 13 of the pump 1 and the exhaust window 12 of the engine 6 will be open during engine operation.

At the time of starting the engine by rotating the eccentric shaft 4 in the direction of the arrow, the gears of the internal gear 15 of the rotor 2 of the pump 1 and the rotor 11 of the engine 6 rotate around the stationary gears 16 of the pump 1 and engine 6.

Associated with the internal gearing gears 15, the rotor 2 of the pump 1, the rotor 10 of the engine 6, the counterweight 23, the counterweight 26 will rotate respectively on the eccentrics - 3; 10; 22; 25.

Rotating in order to cool the engine elements, the counterweight 23 draws in air through the inlet window 13 and at the same time pushes air through special openings into the cavity between the casing and the walls of the pump 1, engine 6.

The counterweight 26 exhaust air pushes out.

Part of the cooling air is used to cool the rotors and elements of the eccentric shaft (the direction of movement of the cooling air is indicated by arrows) (Figure 1), the channels for cooling the rotors and eccentrics are shown in (Figure 4) and (Figure 5).

The rotor 2 of the pump, moving the apex from the dead center to point A (Figure 2), does not produce useful work.

The rotor 11 of the engine 6 through the anti-vacuum valve 17 draws in atmospheric air to facilitate starting and at the same time pushes air through the exhaust window 12.

When the top reaches the point A of the rotor 2 of pump 1, air compression and suction of the working mixture through the inlet window 13 will begin, while the bypass openings 19, 20 will be blocked by the body of the spool 7.

At the same time, the rotor 11 of the engine 6 continues to suck in atmospheric air through the anti-vacuum valve 17 and push the air through the exhaust window 12.

When the rotor 11 of the engine 6 reaches the dead point, the combination of the openings 8 with the bypass openings 19 and 20 of the pump 1 and the engine 6 will begin, and the compressed working mixture will be transferred from the cavity of the pump 1 to the cavity of the combustion chamber 14 of the engine 6, while under the action of the pressure of the compressed working mixture the anti-vacuum valve 17 will be closed.

Upon reaching the rotor 2 of the pump 1 dead center, the bypass of the compressed working mixture into the combustion chamber 14 of the engine 6 will be completed.

After ignition of the working mixture by the spark plug 18, a stroke will begin.

Under the pressure of the burnt working mixture from the narrow window of the exhaust 12 with high speed, the exhaust gas will create a jet thrust.

When the rotor 11 reaches the dead point, the rotor 2 of the pump 1 will compress the working mixture as much as possible.

With further rotation of the rotor 2 and the spool 7, the combination of the holes 8 with the bypass holes 19 and 20 of the pump 1 and the engine 6 will begin, and the compressed working mixture will begin to flow from the cavity of the pump 1 through the combined holes 8, 19, 20 and channel 28 of the spool 7 into the chamber cavity combustion 14.

Upon reaching the rotor 2 of the pump 1 dead center will be a complete overflow of the working mixture in the combustion chamber 14.

From the moment of ignition of the working mixture in the combustion chamber 14, a new cycle will begin.

All processes occurring in the engine during the cycle are performed simultaneously.

The simultaneous occurrence of processes in the engine ensures the continuity of exhaust gas flow without popping.

Unlike a reciprocating internal combustion engine (ICE), a maximum pressure is most effectively used in a rotary engine to produce the highest torque.

If you look at the indicator diagram of a four-stroke ICE (Fig. 6), you can see that the real maximum pressure on the piston falls at the moment the crankshaft rotates by 7 °, while the crank-piston group will experience the greatest load at the lowest torque.

Comparing the use of the maximum pressure in a rotary engine using the maximum pressure in the internal combustion engine, depending on the angle of rotation of the ICE crankshaft and the eccentric shaft of the rotary engine (Figure 6) and (Figure 3), it can be seen that the use of maximum pressure in the rotary engine occurs when the rotation of the eccentric shaft by 90 °, which is much more with more torque and less load on the rotor-eccentric group than in the internal combustion engine.

In contrast to the internal combustion engine in the RPD, the working stroke is within 270 ° versus 180 ° in the internal combustion engine, which is more favorable for a more complete combustion of fuel.

Unlike a turbojet engine (turbojet engine) in (RPD), the combustion chamber is locked from the pump at the time of the stroke, while the combustion chamber in the turbojet is not locked from the compressor, which reduces the efficiency of the latter.

In connection with the foregoing, RPD can be used as a jet engine.

The materials used in the RPD are similar to the materials used in the turbojet engine.

Claims (1)

A rotary engine comprising a housing with an exhaust window and with a working cavity, a two-vertex rotor with a large and small axis of symmetry mounted on an eccentric shaft, a pump with an intake window mounted on an eccentric shaft, containing a two-vertex rotor, the contours of the working surface of the cavity of the motor housing and pump, made on a conchoid of a circle, the pump inlet window is made in the pump casing, and the upper edge of the inlet window coincides with the top of the rotor of the pump, which is at the dead point, the exhaust window is made in the engine casing a valve, moreover, an anti-vacuum valve is installed on the working surface of the engine, characterized in that the anti-vacuum valve is installed in the area of the combustion chamber, a spool with holes perpendicular to the axis of the spool connected by a channel is installed between the pump housing and the engine, one hole is installed opposite the bypass hole in the housing engine, another is installed opposite the bypass hole in the pump housing, the combustion chamber is installed between the upper working surface of the engine rotor and the slave motor whose cavity surface when the pump rotor being in the dead center by setting the angle between the radii of the eccentrics and the pump motor.

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