RU2416764C1 - Heat regenerator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power industry.

SUBSTANCE: proposed heat regenerator containing vertical plates from heat-conducting material, which form alternating channels for hot and cold heat carriers, horizontal bottom and cover, and inlet and outlet branch pipes. Heat regenerator is equipped with frame the lower and side ties of which are rigidly connected to each other, and upper transverse ties have detachable bolt connection with side ties; at that, side ties of one row are equipped with stop bolts and hold-down straps; straps-pillows are adjacent to side ties of the other row; on bottom surface and immediately under the cover there arranged are gaskets from elastic material; outlet branch pipes are arranged on cover in close proximity to outlet branch pipes; in inlet and outlet branch pipes there installed are fairings closing the appropriate channels and having detachable connections with edges of plates; in inlet branch pipe of cold heat carrier there installed are partitioned louvres, each section of which has independent drive fixing the position.

EFFECT: simplifying the design, reducing labour intensity of manufacture and repair, and improving operating properties.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to heat exchangers for gaseous media and can be used, in particular, for the recovery of heat from exhaust air in supply and exhaust ventilation systems.

Recuperative type plate heat exchangers are known in which hot and cold heat carriers move in adjacent channels in mutually perpendicular directions [1, 2]. Moreover, the heat recovery coefficient is small. Due to the low values of the temperature difference of the coolants, the heat transfer surface area is large and the heat exchanger is structurally complex and cumbersome.

Heat exchangers with countercurrent movement of heat-exchanging media have greater efficiency and smaller sizes [3].

The closest in technical essence to the present invention is a heat exchanger containing vertical plates of heat-conducting material, forming alternating channels for hot and cold coolants, horizontal bottom and cover, inlet and outlet pipes [4] - prototype.

The known device operates on the principle of counterflow and has an increased efficiency. The disadvantages of the device are its structural complexity and the complexity of manufacturing and repair. The presence of transitions with a sharp change in the cross-sectional area of the channels along the path of movement of hot and cold coolants leads to increased hydraulic resistance and energy costs for moving coolants. When using a heat recovery unit in ventilation systems in the winter, it is not possible to effectively deal with ice formation in the exhaust air channels, since there is no way to control the number of supply air channels simultaneously blocked by the damper. The disadvantage is that with a rigid connection between the elements of the heat exchanger and its significant size and length, under operating conditions, internal stresses arise in the latter due to the temperature difference of the elements in the latter, which can lead to deformations and mechanical damage.

The objective of the present invention is to simplify the design, reduce the complexity of manufacturing and repair, as well as improve operational performance.

The problem is solved in that the heat exchanger containing vertical plates of heat-conducting material, forming alternating channels for hot and cold coolants, horizontal bottom and cover, inlet and outlet pipes, is additionally equipped with a frame frame, the lower and side connections of which are rigidly interconnected, and the upper transverse connections have a detachable bolted connection with lateral ties, and the lateral ties of one row are provided with persistent bolts and pressure bars to the lateral ties of the other row of pillows are adjacent, on the bottom surface and directly under the cover there are gaskets made of elastic material, the outlet pipes are placed on the cover in close proximity to the inlet pipes, fairings are installed in the inlet and outlet pipes closing the corresponding channels and having detachable connections with the edges of the plates, sectionalized blinds are installed in the inlet pipe of the coolant, each section of which has an independent drive for fixing the position “open-closed”, inside The first plates, through one, are equipped with spacer spacers, in the bottom, on the outlet side of the hot heat carrier, holes are made, the cavities of which are connected to the drainage collector.

Unlike the known device, the presence of a frame frame with upper removable connections makes it possible to make a heat exchanger from a set of identical vertical plates that are not rigidly connected to each other. This greatly simplifies the design and provides free thermal expansion and compression of the elements without the occurrence of dangerous mechanical stresses. Channels for the passage of hot and cold coolants are formed by compression between the pillow bars and the clamping bars of a set of plates equipped with spacers. The presence of gaskets made of elastic material between the cover and the upper edges of the plates and between the bottom and lower edges of the plates provides gas tightness of the channels. Placing in the outlet and inlet pipes of the same type of removable fairings, closing the corresponding channels, allows to reduce the hydraulic resistance along the coolant paths. The installation of sectionalized blinds in the inlet pipe of the cold coolant with an independent open-closed position fixing drive for each section makes it possible to effectively control the thawing process of ice deposited on the walls of the hot coolant channels by closing the cold coolant passage in the required number of channels intended for it for a while thawing. The presence of holes in the bottom on the exit side of the hot fluid, the cavities of which are connected to the drainage collector, allows the condensate formed during cooling of the hot fluid to be drained from the channels intended for it. The absence of integral connections of the main structural elements and the placement of the outlet pipes on the cover in close proximity to the inlet pipes greatly facilitate the manufacture and repair of the device. Thus, the distinguishing features of the invention allow to solve the problem.

A comparative analysis of the proposed technical solution with the prototype shows that the claimed device meets the criteria of the invention of "novelty."

In well-known heat exchangers [1, 2], hot and cold heat carriers move according to a cross-current circuit, which has the worst performance with respect to the counter-current circuit implemented in the proposed device. Known heat exchangers are more structurally complex, have a large number of integral connections of the main elements.

All this allows us to conclude that the claimed technical solution meets the criteria of the invention "significant differences".

Figure 1 shows a top view of a heat exchanger with the cover and top gasket removed; figure 2 is a side view of the heat exchanger; figure 3 is a cross section aa in figure 2; figure 4 is a transverse section bB in figure 2; figure 5 - fairing; figure 6 - remote element I in figure 1.

The heat exchanger contains the same plates 1 of heat-conducting material, bottom 2, cover 3, inlet pipes 4 and 5 and outlet pipes 6 and 7 located on the cover 3, respectively for hot (B) and cold (P) coolants. The nozzles 6 and 7 are placed on the cover 2 with some relative lateral displacement. Between the cover 3 and the edges of the plates 1, there is an upper sealing gasket 8 made of elastic sheet material and having a window under the outlet pipes 6 and 7. Between the bottom 2 and the lower edges of the plates 1 there is a lower sealing gasket 9. The heat recovery frame consists of lower ties 10, the lateral connections 11 and from the upper connections 12, which are rigidly connected to them, are connected to the lateral connections 11 by means of bolts 13. The cushion straps 14 adjoin the lateral connections 11 located in a row on one side of the heat exchanger. e connections 11 in a row on the other side of the heat exchanger are equipped with stop bolts 15 and clamping bars 16. The inlet nozzles 4 and 5 and in the outlet nozzles 6 and 7 have the same cowls 17, so that the edges of the plates 1 enter their connectors. The cowls 17 in places their installation closes the channels 18 and 19 for hot (B) and cold (P) coolants formed by the plates 1. The width of the channels 18 and 19 is determined by the longitudinal dimensions of the stepped rods 20 and the sleeves 21. The rods 20 and the sleeves 21 in aggregates are distance ioniruyuschimi spacers distributed over the area of the inner plates 1. In the inlet pipe 5, a cold heat medium (P) mounted partitioned shutters 22. Each section 22 has an independent louver actuator 23 fix the position "open-close". In the gasket 9 and the bottom 1, on the exit side of the hot fluid (B) from the channels 18, holes 24 are made, which are connected by tubes 25 to the drain manifold 26.

Heat recovery unit consists of the same basic elements, easy to assemble and disassemble. The gas tightness of the hot (B) and cold (P) coolant paths is achieved by squeezing a set of vertical plates 1 between the bottom 2 and the cover 3 using bolts 13 and the presence of gaskets 8 and 9, and in the transverse direction using thrust bolts 15 and clamping bars 16 The cowls 17 are pressed in their connectors to the edges of the plates 1 and fixed in place by the edges of the external ducts connected to the pipes 4, 5 and 6, 7. The connected external ducts are 1 ÷ 2 cm smaller than the length of the cowls 17 and, accordingly, branch pipes 4, 5 and 6, 7. This makes it possible without the use of additional structural elements to fix the fairings 17 at the installation site, the ends of which are aligned with the flange planes of the nozzles 4, 5 and 6, 7.

Heat exchanger works as follows. Hot heat carrier (B) (in ventilation systems it is exhaust air) enters from the external duct into the inlet pipe 4, where, passing between the fairings 17, it is distributed through the channels 18. Having transferred heat during heat exchange with the surface of the plates 1, the heat carrier (B) is removed through the outlet pipe 6, passing between the fairings 17 installed in the pipe 6. Cold coolant (P) (in ventilation systems it is the supply air) enters the inlet 5, where it passes between the fairings 17, is distributed through the channels 19 and into them moves in the opposite direction with respect to the flow of hot coolant (B). In the process of heat exchange with the surface of the plates 1, the cold coolant (P) is heated and discharged through the outlet pipe 7, passing between the fairings 17 installed in the pipe 7.

In winter, at negative temperatures of the supply air, water vapor contained in the exhaust air may condense during cooling. The condensate formed by gravity is removed from the channels 18 through the openings 24 and the tube 25 into the drainage collector 26.

With further cooling of the condensate and ice formation on the walls of the channels 18, this phenomenon can be controlled by closing one or more sections of the blinds 22 and stopping the supply of fresh air to the corresponding channels 19 for the time required to defrost the channels 18.

The proposed device has the following advantages:

- the design is simple, with a high degree of unification;

- the absence of rigid bonds between the main elements provides the possibility of their free thermal expansion and contraction;

- countercurrent movement of coolants contributes to the achievement of high thermal efficiency;

- the presence of fairings and the absence of sharp changes in the area of the passage sections along the coolant paths allows to reduce hydraulic resistance;

- sectioned blinds in the inlet pipe of the supply air, with an independent drive of each section, makes it possible to effectively control the process of ice thawing in the channels of the exhaust air;

- reduced manufacturing complexity and high maintainability.

Information sources

1. Varfolomeev Yu.M., Kokorin O.Ya. Heating and heating networks. - M .: INFRA-M, 2005. S.364-365.

2. Danilov O.L., Munts V.A. Use of secondary energy resources. - Yekaterinburg: USTU-UPI, 2008. S.98-100.

3. Copyright certificate of the USSR No. 907354, cl. F24F 7/06, publ. 02/23/82, bull. Number 7.

4. Kharaz D.I., Psakhis B.I. Ways of using secondary energy resources in chemical industries. - M.: Chemistry, 1984. P.94, Fig. 4.25.

Claims (1)

Heat exchanger containing vertical plates of heat-conducting material, forming alternating channels for hot and cold coolants, horizontal bottom and cover, inlet and outlet pipes, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with a frame, the lower and side connections of which are rigidly interconnected, and the upper transverse the connections have a detachable bolt connection with lateral connections, and the lateral connections of one row are equipped with stop bolts and pressure bars, the plan is adjacent to the lateral connections of the other row and-pillows, on the bottom surface and directly under the cover there are gaskets made of elastic material, the outlet pipes are placed on the cover in close proximity to the inlet pipes, fairings are installed in the inlet and outlet pipes, closing the corresponding channels and having detachable connections with the edges of the plates, in the inlet sectioned blinds are installed in the cold coolant pipe, each section of which has an independent drive for fixing the position “open-closed”, internal plates through bottom spacers are provided with spacing in the bottom on the side of the hot coolant outlet openings, cavities are connected to the drain collector.

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