RU2407549C1 - Air sterilisation apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medical equipment, and can be used for the bandage-free management of various open wounds. The air sterilisation apparatus comprises hermetically enclosed series air coarse filter, fan, bactericidal irradiator, air heater, air fine filter and outlet pipe with abutting flexible duct connected to a cavity of insulator to place an injured body part or patient's body inside. The outlet pipe has a lateral pipe; in addition, the apparatus is provided with a direct action valve mounted on the isolator with adjustable valve set pressure and connectable to an auxiliary flexible duct abutting with the lateral pipe of the outlet pipe. A hermetic fitting for drug delivery to the isolator cavity is provided on the flexible duct and adjoins the isolator attachment.

EFFECT: invention provides sterile air oxygenation of adjustable oxygen concentration, drug delivery to the isolator without their penetration into the ward's air and enabled massage of the wound surface due to the valve of adjustable operating pressure.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to medicine, more specifically to medical equipment and can be used to treat various open wounds (burns, puncture wounds, etc.) in a non-dressing manner in a sterile air (abacterial) environment with adjustable microclimate parameters.

Known analogues of the invention, for example, a device for temperature stabilization and sterilization of air, described in A.S. USSR No. 289814, IPC A61L 9/00, publ. December 5, 1975, containing a compensation chamber, an air heater, a sterilizer with bactericidal radiation sources, an air supercharger. The disadvantage of this device is that it does not provide a sufficient degree of air purification, since it destroys bacteria, but does not trap dust particles and does not create excess pressure in the wound area, which makes it possible for polluted room air to enter this zone. These disadvantages of the device do not allow to achieve sterility of the air in the wound area, which does not contribute to the effectiveness of the treatment.

Also known is a device for sterilization of the operated area, described in USSR patent No. 542450, IPC A61L 9/00, publ. 01/05/1977, containing filters for preliminary and final air purification, placed in the housing, which is connected to the insulator by a flexible duct, and a source of compressed air. The disadvantage of this device is that it does not provide the necessary degree of air sterilization and the optimal microclimate in the area of the wound surface, since it does not provide the ability to clean the air of bacteria and heat the wound area, which can lead to a slowdown of the healing process, as well as to increase the likelihood of wound infection with a possible subsequent relapse.

A device for air purification is known, described in patent RU 2340360, IPC A61L 9/00, comprising a housing, a fan, a UV radiation treatment chamber containing a UV radiation source, and an HEPA filter. The device also contains means for regulating the parameters of the air flow (speed, humidity, temperature) and the source of UV radiation (power output and temperature). In addition, the device is equipped with a microorganism sensor connected to a data processing device that controls the operation of the device for air purification, and a cooling unit for cooling and / or drying the air stream. The disadvantage of this device is that it does not create the necessary microclimatic conditions of the air near the wound (overpressure and temperature), which makes it possible for polluted air to enter the room on the wound surface, which can cause infection.

As a prototype as the closest in its technical essence and achieved effect to the claimed device, the device for air sterilization was selected according to the application RU 96119238, IPC A61L 9/00, including filters for preliminary and final air purification, placed in the housing connected to the insulator by a flexible duct moreover, the bactericidal irradiator, an air heater equipped with a temperature regulator, and a fan equipped with a motor with continuously variable rotation speed are additionally located in the housing I am. This device allows you to create a sterile air environment around the wound with adjustable microclimate parameters (air flow rate over the wound surface, air temperature and some excess pressure in the insulator cavity), however, it has the following disadvantages.

First, at certain stages of the treatment of a wound, it is necessary to significantly increase the oxygen content in the surrounding sterile air environment (the so-called tissue oxygenation method), which leads to an acceleration of the wound healing process. The oxygen content should be in a certain range (for example, 42-45% in the air blown through the insulator) for a certain period of time (several hours). The design of the prototype does not allow control of the oxygen content in the air blown through the insulator.

Secondly, the oxygen supplied to the insulator is partially ejected through a valve installed on the insulator (see materials for the description of the prototype, p. 4 and p. 5), as a result of which the oxygen content in the chamber is increased, which can negatively affect the well-being of those in it patients.

Thirdly, the design of the prototype does not provide for the possibility of supplying to the insulator the medicines necessary for certain periods of wound treatment.

Fourthly, it is impossible to change the pressure in the insulator cavity with the help of the engine speed controller (see page 6 of the prototype description), since its pressure is determined by the value at which the insulator valve is activated. In this regard, the massage of the affected area to improve its blood supply by cyclically increasing and lowering the pressure in the cavity of the insulator in the prototype is not possible, because for this it is necessary to have a valve with an adjustable valve operating pressure.

These shortcomings significantly limit the functionality of the prototype device, which, in turn, reduces the effectiveness of the treatment of wounds.

The problem solved by the present invention is to expand the functionality of the device for sterilization of air to increase the effectiveness of the treatment of wounds.

This is achieved by the fact that in the known device for sterilizing air, comprising a pre-filter for air purification, a fan equipped with a motor with continuously variable rotation speed, a bactericidal irradiator, an air heater with a temperature controller and a final air purifier, the outlet pipe of the device with a flexible duct connected to it, connected to the cavity of the insulator, and a direct-acting valve mounted on the insulator e, according to the invention:

- the outlet pipe of the device is made with a lateral branch;

- direct acting valve is configured to control the pressure of the valve;

- a direct-acting valve is made with the possibility of attaching to it an additional flexible duct connected to the lateral outlet of the exhaust pipe;

- on a flexible duct near the place of its docking with the insulator, a sealed fitting is installed for supplying drugs to the cavity of the insulator.

In addition, the device contains a sensor for monitoring the oxygen content in the flow of sterile air, mounted on the outlet pipe.

In addition, the device contains a temperature sensor for the flow of sterile air, installed behind the filter for the final purification of air downstream.

In addition, the device comprises a controller electrically connected to an oxygen content monitoring sensor, a temperature sensor, a direct acting valve of the insulator, and a control panel.

The essence of the invention is illustrated in figure 1, which schematically shows the inventive device in section, and figure 2, which shows an embodiment of the exhaust pipe. The device for air sterilization contains a sealed housing 1, in the walls of which there is a suction port 2 and an exhaust pipe 3 with a lateral outlet 4. Inside the housing 1 are placed sequentially one after the other an air pre-filter 5, a fan 6, equipped with an engine 7 with continuously variable rotation speed , bactericidal irradiator 8, temperature controlled air heater 9, filter 10 for final air purification. Through the exhaust pipe 3, the device is connected by a flexible duct 11 to the insulator 12, which is equipped with a direct acting valve 13, made with an adjustable valve pressure value. By means of the pipe 14, the valve 13 can be connected by an additional flexible duct 15 to the lateral outlet 4 of the exhaust pipe 3. At the output pipe 3, a sensor 16 for monitoring the oxygen content in the flow of sterile air can be installed. A sealed fitting 17 for supplying drugs, for example aerosols into the cavity of the insulator 12 is installed on the duct 11 near the place of its docking with the insulator 12. A temperature sensor 18 of sterile air is installed behind the final air purification filter. The device may include a controller 19, electrically connected with an oxygen content monitoring sensor 16, a temperature sensor 18 and a direct-acting valve 13 of the insulator 12. The device body 1 is placed in a decorative casing 21, on which a control panel 20 is placed, electrically connected to the controller 19, and perforated lattice 22. In the insulator 12 is placed a wounded part of the human body, for example, arm 23 or the entire human body. Air movement inside the device is shown by arrows.

The housing 1 is made of sealed stainless steel with gluing on the outside with a soundproofing material.

The air pre-filter 5 is made of super-thin polypropylene or other similar neutral material and is designed to delay large dust particles larger than 0.5 microns. Fan 6 is capable of creating excess air pressure from 200 to 1600 Pa with the help of an electric motor 7, which with the help of a regulator has the ability to develop a rotation speed of 3 to 7 thousand rpm.

The bactericidal irradiator 8 is, for example, an ultraviolet lamp, and the final filter 10 is made, for example, in the form of a HEPA filter, the degree of purification of which for particles greater than 0.3 μm is 99.997%. Air ducts 11 and 15 are flexible corrugated hoses, and insulator 12 is a transparent film bag that can be put on the affected area of the body (on the leg, arm) or completely put the patient in it.

The operation of the claimed device is as follows.

The affected part of the body, for example, arm 23, is placed in a transparent insulator 12. Let us further consider the operation of the device without the use of drugs supplied through the nozzle 17 to the cavity of the insulator 12 and without supplying additional oxygen, which is taken from a balloon or nosocomial line and fed to the suction port 2 The duct 15 in this case is undocked from the pipe 14 and the side outlet 4, while the hole of the side outlet 4 is closed with a sealed cover (not shown in FIG. 1). Atmospheric air enters through the perforated grate 22 and the suction hole 2 in the housing 1 of the device. Through the filter 5 of the preliminary air purification, it is supplied by the fan 6 to the area of the irradiator 8, where it is disinfected and heated by the heater 9 to the required temperature (approximately, up to 40 ° C). The cleaned, disinfected and heated air is then supplied to the final filter 10, after which it enters the insulator 12 through the duct 11, in which, for example, the affected arm 23 is located. From the insulator 12, sterile air is released into the atmosphere through a direct-acting valve 13. In the insulator 12, some excess pressure is created due to the choice of the response pressure of the valve 13 and the number of revolutions of the fan 6, for example 0.4 kPa, which maintains the necessary time interval for the selected treatment method (for example, several hours, days, etc.). Excessive pressure in the insulator 12 prevents the penetration of contaminated external air, as a result of which sterile air conditions are created in the wound zone with microclimate parameters set in the cavity of the insulator 12 set from the control panel 20 (temperature, flow rate of sterile air and excess air). Due to the fact that the valve 13 is configured to control the pressure of the valve, a massage of the affected area can be done. To do this, using the controller 19 set the program for cyclic increase and decrease in pressure inside the insulator 12 depending on time (this is possible by changing the pressure of the valve 13). For example, over 5 minutes, an overpressure in the cavity of the insulator 12 is set to 300 Pa, then over the next 5 minutes a pressure equal to 1250 Pa, etc. A cyclic change in the pressure in the cavity of the insulator improves blood supply to the affected areas of the body (increased inflow of arterial blood and outflow of venous blood), which accelerates the regeneration of skin integument of the wound. Note that the operation of the device without the use of the supply of drugs and without the supply of additional oxygen occurs as follows: the device takes external air, purifies, heats and sterilizes it, passes it through the air duct to the insulator and throws it into the room through the valve located on the insulator.

Let us now consider the operation of the device in the case of the use of drugs supplied in the form of aerosols into the cavity of the insulator 12 through the nozzle 17, and enriching the air with oxygen supplied from the balloon or nosocomial line to the suction port 2. In this case, additional the duct 15, and the operation of the device is as follows. The surrounding air, together with additional pure oxygen, is sucked into the hole 2, is cleaned by a pre-filter 5 and fed by a fan 6 to the area of the irradiator 8, where it is disinfected and heated by the heater 9 to the required temperature. Next, the air passes through the filter 10 of the final air purification, after which it is fed through the flexible duct 11 to the insulator 12, from which through the valve 13, the pipe 14 and the additional air duct 15 is returned to the exhaust pipe 3 and, mixed with sterile air coming from the device, again enters the flexible duct 11, then to the insulator 12, etc. As a result, oxygen-enriched sterile air circulates in a closed circuit without being emitted into the atmosphere of the room in which the patients are located. The oxygen content in the circulating air is monitored by the sensor 16 and its percentage can be increased or decreased. In order to prevent the ingress of sterile air coming from the device into the lateral outlet 4, the design of the exhaust pipe 3 can be performed as shown in Fig.2. Inside the exhaust pipe 3, a hollow cylindrical insert 25 is installed with a smaller diameter than the diameter of the exhaust pipe 3. In this case, the hole of the lateral outlet 4 is blocked by the surface of the insert 25, and the air from the additional duct 15 passes through a cylindrical gap 24 into the duct 11.

When drugs are supplied in the form of aerosols through the nozzle 17, sterile air saturated with drugs also circulates in a closed circuit "pipe 3 - duct 11 - insulator 12 - valve 13 - duct 15 - pipe 3", as a result of which the drugs do not enter the air ward environment. In addition, sterile air saturated with drugs does not pass through the final filter 10, which can clog it and disable it, which reduces the life of the device.

The course of treatment and the change in the appearance of the wound is observed through a transparent film of the insulator 12, without interrupting the treatment process and without injuring the patient.

The expanded functionality of the inventive device for air sterilization, namely, the saturation of sterile air with oxygen with the control of its content, the flow of drugs into the insulator without their penetration into the chamber air and the possibility of massaging the wound surface through the use of a valve with an adjustable valve operating pressure, significantly increase the effectiveness of the treatment of open wound surfaces without the use of dressings.

Patent studies have shown that the proposed device is unknown and does not follow explicitly from the prior art, i.e. meets the criteria of "novelty" and "inventive step". The device consists of well-known components and parts and can be manufactured on standard equipment manufactured by domestic industry, i.e. meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

The applicant made an experimental batch of devices, brief clinical trials of which were conducted at the Institute of Surgery. A.V. Vishnevsky of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences (Moscow). The Institute issued a positive conclusion on the high technical characteristics of the device and its effectiveness in the treatment of wound surfaces both in stationary (hospitals, hospitals) and in the field. Currently, the applicant is preparing for serial production of the claimed device.

Based on the foregoing, the applicant considers that the device proposed by him may be protected by a patent for an invention.

Claims (4)

1. A device for sterilizing air, comprising a pre-filter for air, placed in a sealed enclosure sequentially one after another, a fan equipped with a motor with infinitely variable rotation speed, a bactericidal irradiator, an air heater with a temperature controller, a filter for final air purification and an outlet pipe that connects to flexible duct connected to the cavity of the insulator, designed to accommodate the affected area of the body or patient, characterized in that about the outlet pipe of the device is made with a side outlet, the device is additionally equipped with a direct acting valve installed on the insulator, configured to control the valve operating pressure and with the possibility of attaching an additional flexible duct connected to the side outlet of the outlet pipe, and on a flexible duct near the place Its docking with the insulator has a sealed fitting for supplying drugs to the cavity of the insulator. 2. The device for air sterilization according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a sensor for monitoring the oxygen content in the stream of sterile air mounted on the outlet pipe. 3. The device for air sterilization according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains a temperature sensor for the flow of sterile air, installed behind the filter for the final purification of air in the stream. 4. A device for air sterilization according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that it comprises a controller electrically connected to an oxygen content monitoring sensor, a temperature sensor, a direct acting valve of the insulator and a control panel.

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