RU2403380C1 - Device for development of perforation channels of deep penetration in oil and gas wells - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: device for development of perforation channels in wells includes puncheons located in housing, each of which has piston and washing channel for supply of working fluid and installed with possibility of being moved in radial direction under action of working fluid pressure. Device is equipped with pressure transducer installed in housing, intended for being connected to tubing strings and having through channel passing through its piston and plunger, as well as with hydromechanical switching lock of fluid flow. At that, hydromechanical lock is installed in the above channel and includes two check valves spring-loaded to opposite sides. Plunger has a stop interacting with the first check valve with possibility of its opening at creation of working fluid pressure in tubing string and providing the supply of working fluid flow from tubing string to housing cavity and action of puncheons on pistons. At that, seat of the second check valve is fixed on piston of pressure transducer with possibility of being opened at relief of working fluid pressure in tubing string.

EFFECT: improving manufacturability, increasing capacity of perforation process and quality of formation drilling.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of drilling and operation of wells, and in particular to a device for the secondary opening of productive formations by creating perforations in the production casing of oil, gas and injection wells, the destruction of the cement ring and the creation of deep penetration channels in the perforation interval.

The prior art various devices for the secondary opening of the reservoir, for example:

- sandblasting perforator for casing - SU 1716105 A1, IPC E21B 43/114, 02.29.1992, the operation of which is based on the formation of perforations under the influence of a hydroabrasive jet of working fluid. The disadvantage of such drills is the rapid wear of the hydraulic nozzles, which leads to the need for additional tripping operations to replace them and, as a result, to increase the duration of the process and material costs;

- hydromechanical rotary hammers using cutting tools in the form of knurled discs. Such a device is disclosed, for example, in RU 2247226 C1, IPC E21B 43/112, 02.27.2005. The hammer includes a housing, a retractable cutting tool in the form of two cutting discs mounted on the axes, a pusher-piston with a central and two side hydraulic channels equipped with two hydraulic nozzles. Almost all known hydromechanical perforators used to open the casing form one or two slots located in the same plane, which does not allow a long time to withstand the rock pressure of tens of MPa. As a result, the geological effect from the application of the technology is short-lived, and the broken support of the well remains, resulting in a high probability of crushing of the production string. In addition, this arrangement of cracks does not allow the most complete coverage of the entire productive part of the oil reservoir.

The closest analogue of the proposed device is a device for perforating wells, disclosed in RU 60132 U1, IPC E21B 43/114, (2006.01), which contains a housing with a piston placed in its cylindrical cavity, which is connected to tubing (tubing), two punch, each of which has one flushing channel, clamps designed to hold the device at the required level of perforation, while the punch is mounted with the ability to move in the radial direction by means of a corresponding force Indra communicated with the cylindrical cavity of the housing to provide a movement of the punches with the establishment of the working fluid pressure in the cylindrical cavity of the housing under the weight of the CNT suspension.

However, this device has a number of serious disadvantages:

- the magnitude of the generated working pressure depends only on the weight of the tubing suspension;

- the presence of flushing channels without overlapping check valves leads to an increase in fluid flow, as a result, it is necessary to increase the working pressure to create the force required to form holes in the production string;

- the complexity of the design.

The objective of the proposed solution is to improve manufacturability, increase the productivity of the perforation process and the quality of the formation.

The technical result that is achieved by solving this problem is to ensure guaranteed return of the punch after removing the working pressure in the tubing while providing the necessary increased working pressure on the pistons of the punch.

This problem is solved due to the fact that the device for creating perforation channels in the wells, containing punches located in the housing, each of which has a piston and a flushing channel for supplying the working fluid and is mounted with the ability to move in the radial direction under the influence of the working fluid pressure, according to this The invention is equipped with a pressure transducer installed in the housing for connecting to tubing (tubing) and having a through channel passing through its piston and plunger, as well as a hydromechanical lock for switching the fluid flow, installed in the specified channel and made with the possibility of opening when creating pressure in the tubing of the working fluid and ensuring the flow of working fluid from the tubing into the cavity of the housing and the impact on the pistons of the punches and with the possibility of closing removing the pressure of the working fluid in the tubing.

In addition, the hydromechanical lock for switching the fluid flow can include two non-return valves, spring-loaded in opposite directions, while the seat of the first valve is mounted on the piston of the pressure transducer, and the seat of the second non-return valve is connected to the plunger of the pressure transducer, and the specified plunger is spring-loaded towards the piston of the pressure transducer .

Punches are preferably placed in pairs with an angular displacement of the axes of the punches of each pair relative to each other and with a displacement of the punches along the axis of the device coinciding with the axis of the pressure transducer.

Figure 1 shows one of the variants of the proposed device in axial section.

Figure 2 shows a cross section of the device in the case of using six pairs of punches.

Figure 3 schematically shows one design of the hydromechanical lock switching fluid flow.

A device for creating perforation channels of deep penetration includes (Fig. 1) a sleeve 2 mounted in a column 1 with a circulation valve and a filter, a pressure transducer 3 (multiplier), in which a hydromechanical lock for switching the fluid flow, a housing 4 with working pistons 11 and associated with them by punches 10. The cylinder of the pressure transducer 3 is connected to the housing 4 by means of a cylinder 20, in the cavity of which a working pressure is created. In particular, in the housing 4 can be placed six pairs of punches - all the punches at different levels along the axis of the device and with a pitch between pairs of around a circle of 60 ° (figure 2).

The hydromechanical lock switching fluid flow is schematically shown in Fig.3. Pressure transducer 3 is made with a through channel 14-15 passing through its piston 5 and plunger 9. Check valves 6 and 7, spring-loaded in opposite directions, are built into the piston 5 of pressure transducer 3. The plunger 9 is made with a stop 8. Each punch 10 is connected with its working piston 11, which is equipped with a check valve 12 located in the flushing channel 17 and spring-loaded towards the over-piston cavity in communication with the cavity 13 of the cylinder 20. The device can be equipped with a spring 21 located on the plunger 9 to ensure the return of the plunger 9 and the piston 5 to its original position when relieving the pressure of the working fluid.

The device operates as follows.

When the working fluid is supplied through the tubing to the cavity 18 under pressure P _{1, the} check valve 6 opens the channel 14, and the check valve 7 closes. The liquid under pressure P ₁ acts on the piston 5 and moves it in the cylinder to a distance "L", at which the check valve 7 opens with a stop 19 connected to the plunger 9, and the liquid flows through the central channel 15 into the cavity 13 and through the channel 16 into the cavity of the working pistons 11, moving the working pistons 11 with the punches 10 until it touches the column 1. Upon further movement of the piston 5, the plunger 9 creates an increased pressure in the cavity 13

where D ₁ is the diameter of the piston 5, and D ₂ is the diameter of the plunger 9, at which the check valve 6 closes the channel 14, and the punches 17 form holes in the wall of the production casing 1. Through the channels 17 in the working pistons 11 with check valves 12, the working fluid carries out destruction of the rock in the annulus. At the end of the washout time of annular space in the tubing, excess fluid pressure P ₁ is removed. The force of the compressed spring 21 moves the piston 5 with the plunger 9 to its original position. When the piston 5 is moved to its initial position, the stop 19 releases the check valve 7, which closes the central channel 15. A reduced pressure (vacuum) is created in the cavity 13 compared to the annular pressure P _k , at which the check valves 12 in the working pistons 11 are closed. the pressure P _k returns the working pistons 11 with punches 10 to their original position. The device is in the initial position and is ready for the subsequent formation of holes in the column.

With the option of creating a forced excess annular pressure of the fluid P _k relative to the liquid column in the tubing, the pressure transducer 3 is simplified in design, its overall dimensions are reduced due to the withdrawal of the return spring 21, the piston 5 with the plunger 9 from its design.

The device has a fairly simple and reliable design. The hydraulic lock for switching the fluid flow ensures a guaranteed return of the pistons.

Claims (3)

1. A device for creating perforation channels in wells, containing punches located in the housing, each of which has a piston and a flushing channel for supplying the working fluid and is mounted with the ability to move in the radial direction under the influence of the working fluid pressure, characterized in that it is equipped with housing a pressure transducer designed for connection with tubing and tubing having a through channel passing through its piston and plunger, as well as hydromechanical with a lock for switching the fluid flow, which is installed in the specified channel and includes two non-return valves, spring-loaded in opposite directions, the plunger is made with a stop interacting with the first non-return valve with the possibility of its opening when the working fluid pressure is created in the tubing and the flow of the working fluid is supplied from The tubing into the body cavity and the impact on the pistons of the punches, and the seat of the second non-return valve is mounted on the piston of the pressure transducer with the possibility of closing when the pressure p bochey liquid. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the plunger is spring-loaded towards the piston of the pressure transducer. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the punches are placed in pairs with an angular displacement of the axes of the punches of each pair relative to each other and with a displacement of the punches along the axis of the device coinciding with the axis of the pressure transducer.

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