RU2402896C1 - Combine harvester thresher - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to agricultural machinery. Combine harvester thresher has a chassis frame which carries the driving axles with shock absorber elements, header, tank and a double cabin. The header has a cut-off elements in the form of rotor blades and is equipped with an obstructions warning system. Reel is made as a conveyor belt. In front of the chassis two engines are mounted which are connected to hydraulic actuators. The harvester is equipped with an ultrasonic system of identifying obstacles to the perimetre of the harvester, video surveillance system along the perimetre of the harvester, and at selected locations with the system of maintenance the optimal parametres in the cabin, the system of semi-automatic and automatic control processor, remote control system of a group of harvesters in manual, semiautomatic and automatic modes.

EFFECT: this execution of a combine harvester thresher enhances its working efficiency.

21 dwg

Description

The invention relates to techniques for harvesting crops: barley, millet, wheat, spelled, buckwheat, peas, lentils, coriander, rice, rye, sunflower, etc.

Known bunker of a combine harvester (RF patent No. 2346426, A01F 12/60, 2009). The disadvantages of this device are its small volume and the complexity of the tipping structure, which is unreliable in operation.

Known mower working body containing a frame on which there are stalk separators and side cutters (RF patent No. 2279786, A01D 41/14, 2006). The disadvantages of this device are the bulkiness and unreliability of the design: auger header, reel.

Known thresher, which includes a housing with a receiving beater, a threshing drum with concave, three beater separators with separation elements under them, a straw walker and wind screening (RF patent No. 2279789, A01F 12/18, 2006). The disadvantage of this device is that threshing occurs throughout the mass and there is no hammering, which leads to grain loss.

A known combine harvester containing a housing located in the longitudinal direction with a separation rotor located inside it (RF patent No. 2287925, A01F 12/18, A01D 41/02, 2003). The disadvantages of this device are the low speed of threshing, the low quality of separation of grain from straw, the high height of the combine, the bulkiness and unreliability of the design, the difficulty in assembly, repair.

Known RF patent No. 2300869 C2, A01D 41/127 - automatic diagnostic system, including speed sensors, piezoelectric loss sensors for a straw walker, sensors for monitoring the tension of chain and belt drives, the disadvantage of this diagnostic system is the limited functionality of it (RF patent No. 2300869 , A01D 41/127, 2007). It does not allow you to control the ingress of large solid objects into the harvester header, does not allow for a complete view around the combine, does not allow you to remotely control the combine and receive telemetry data from it, does not allow to diagnose fires.

Known RF patent No. 2340155 C2, A01D 41/12, containing a threshing-separating system (RF patent No. 2340155, A01D 41/12). The disadvantage of this device is a bulky header, unreliable mowing device, poor threshing quality, lack of straw chopper, small and high hopper, high wheel pressure on the soil.

A known combine harvester (RF patent No. 2321988, A01D 41/00, A01D 41/02, A01D 69/00, 2008 is a prototype), which contains a thresher, inside the frame of which on the frame and side rails there are beaters, two threshing drums, wind screen cleaning with grain and spike augers, straw walker and bunker.

The disadvantages of the prototype are:

1. Scythe consists of segments. Segments and braids often break and it is difficult to keep track of broken segments. Difficulties replacing braids and segments.

2. The braid is driven by a connecting rod. The connecting rod often breaks. If he did not have time to break, the connecting rod comes off. The drive, header and the entire combine are in constant vibration from the connecting rod. The mass to be cut is wound around the crank of the drive.

3. Large, heavy, requiring a lot of energy for rotation, difficult to manufacture, upholstering the ears of the header auger and a complex system of feed fingers (often clogged in green mass).

4. To convert the combine from harvesting to dump and vice versa, it is necessary to change the header, which is laborious, takes a lot of time.

5. Reel is a complex bulky design. Very fragile product. Rays, levels, springs, the mechanism of eccentrics break, the shaft is driven. It is difficult to regulate the speed with a belt variator; it often fails. Blocks access to header elements. There is a battle of spikelets, grain loss.

6. The inclined conveyor has a large lifting angle, rowing along the inclined iron bars. The grain is upholstered with spikelets. Very metal-intensive and labor-intensive product.

7. The cabin of the combine is cramped, noisy, there is no room for an assistant, there is no all-round view, there is no air conditioning, a refrigerator, hot and cold water, insufficient tightness and air purification from dust. Great vibration and noise. There is no security system. The dashboard is undeveloped, there are few control sensors during harvesting in late autumn (sunflower) there is no heating. The difficulty of getting into the cab.

8. The engine is weak. The power to drive the chassis and two drums is not enough. It works at maximum speed. The straw chopper, if you add, does not pull. Installation is not convenient for repair and replacement. The radiator mesh is constantly clogged with fluff. The gasoline launch system is bulky and flammable. Sparks from the exhaust pipe fly into the straw collector, which cannot be extinguished by fire. There is no fire and extinguishing warning system. Small fuel tank.

9. The drive system is belt and chain. Belts require bulky, heavy pulleys. Belts themselves are short-lived. Chain drives require constant tightening and are dangerous. The casing system is bulky and not reliable. There is no power take-off shaft. All this rattles and vibrates.

10. The grain transport system is unreliable. Chain blades quickly wipe the elevators, which leads to grain loss. Undeveloped automation system.

11. The self-propelled chassis does not have springs - hard, shakes violently in the cab, does not allow reaching the necessary transport speeds. The high lift of the combine does not allow it to pass under low-hanging obstacles. Two front wheels create high pressure on the soil. Wheels are difficult to change, board. Unreliable brakes, including a manual brake. Low soil adhesion. Easy to slip. Different wheels on the driving and steering axles. There is no drive to the steering wheels. Unregulated tire pressure. Without additional devices is not towed. There is no warning system for the presence of stones and other objects in front of the header.

12. The hopper is small. Located high. A high center of gravity tipping over on slopes. The grain unloading system is inefficient. With the trunk open, grain is spilled from the hopper. The ratchet drive mechanism is unreliable.

13. The threshing system is inefficient. There is no permanent hammering of ears. Easily clogged with mass. At drums, decks (concave) are lowered by hand and small, which does not allow them to be cleaned automatically if necessary. Difficult access to the drums. Their unreliable fastening on thin side walls and a bulky drive do not allow to achieve optimal speed. Small width of drums, huge pulleys. Difficulty replacing.

14. The lack of a frame for mounting units causes the unreliability of the entire structure. There is no way to install springs, achieve high speed parts, put a volume hopper.

15. The fan is low-power. The screening device does not provide sufficient cleaning of the grain and is not isolated by the bottom, which leads to grain loss.

16. Straw walkers are long, which makes repair and maintenance difficult, occupies a large place. There is no straw chopper (straw chopper). Stacks of straw are bulky, difficult to transport further.

17. Does not have drives and trailed systems for the simultaneous operation of several units of equipment, for example, a baler, a roll.

18. Cannot work in automatic mode or in the mode of observation only from the side of the combiner.

19. Does not have remote control systems from a remote center.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of a combine harvester.

The technical result is achieved in that a combine harvester comprising a chassis with one driving and one steering axle, a header, an inclined conveyor, a cabin, an engine, a hopper, two drums with decks, a group of straw walkers, a fan, a grain auger, a rear auger, according to the invention of the chassis equipped with a frame, to which the first drive axle and the second drive axle are attached, the steering axle, equipped with shock absorbing elements, with all axles leading, each axle equipped with at least two wheels on each side, the header is equipped with system of warning the presence of obstacles, left, right, middle conveyor belts, and the middle conveyor is made with the ability to change the feed direction, the reel is made in the form of a conveyor belt with crossbars, for example springs, equipped with a retractable rod with a change in the curvature of the belt bottom of the conveyor, cutting elements are made in in the form of rotor knives having each hydraulic drive, the header is attached to the chassis in the form of a spring-loaded parallelogram of articulated power elements c, among which there is a belt inclined conveyor, and a hopper is attached to the chassis frame, under which a horizontal conveyor and then an inclined drum conveyor pass, a two-seat cab is mounted in front of the chassis, having two doors and a system for maintaining optimal climatic parameters, two engines are mounted in front of the chassis, for example , internal combustion, each connected to its hydraulic machine, connected to its pipelines, connected to the hydraulic drives of the respective chassis wheels and fur to anism, the inclined drum conveyor is transported connected to the receiving and breaking hammers, transported to the first and second drums with corresponding decks, transported to two or more groups of straw walkers, transported connected to the exit from the internal volume of the combine through the straw chopper or through the corresponding hatch, and the straw chopper made in the form of two drums with radial knives having different speeds of rotation, and the decks of the first and second drums are transportally connected with the first group of inclined screens having the ability to make oscillating movements, and the descent from the upper screens is transportally connected with the upper screens of the second group of screens having the ability to make oscillating movements that are transported with straw walkers and with the third drum with a deck, transported with a straw chopper, and the passage of the upper sieves of the first group of sieves is transportally connected to the lower group of sieves (or canvas), which are transportally connected to the lower horizontal grain auger, transport but connected with an inclined grain auger, transported with an upper horizontal hopper auger, transported with a transverse hopper auger, the lower hopper auger is transported with an inclined hopper auger, transported with a horizontal tiltable hopper auger equipped with an aperture, the lower group of sieves of the second group of screens (or web), is also transportally connected with the lower grain screw and with the passage of the lower part of the second group of sieves, also associated with the passage of the upper part of the second group of sieves, In particular, the passage of the third drum deck is transported by a horizontal rear auger, transported by an inclined rear auger, with a horizontal upper rear auger, and upper sieves of the second sieve group, all mechanisms being attached to the corresponding chassis elements, and the fan is transportively connected to the passage of the first and second group sieve, with a passage between the deck of the third drum and the rear lower auger, and through an adjustable shutter - with the exit hatch of the internal volume of the combine, and the combine is equipped with a rear selection shaft and a rear hitch that allows the baler and other units to be connected, and the combine is equipped with an ultrasonic obstacle detection system in front of the reaper located on a special frame in front of the reel, equipped with an ultrasonic obstacle detection system along the combine’s perimeter, a video surveillance system around the combine’s perimeter and in designated areas , a system for maintaining optimal parameters in the cab, a system of semi-automatic and automatic control of the combine, a remote control system Control group combines in manual, semi-automatic and automatic modes.

The proposed combine harvester ZUK-VK eliminates or reduces these disadvantages.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, Fig.1-18.

Figure 1 shows the combine harvester (ZUK) - 1, reaper - 2, reaper shoe - 3, tape reel - 3.1, tape with reel strips - 3.2, reel drive - 3.3, hoist (turn) reel drive - 3.4, belt drive reel - 3.5, retractable and rotating reel bar with shaft - 3.6, left (along the way) header conveyor belt - 4, middle header conveyor belt - 5, right header conveyor belt - 6, rotating knives - 7, inclined conveyor - 8, conveyor internal - 8.1, internal inclined conveyor - 8.2, parallelogram of header mounting - 9, header attachment springs - 10, attachment rods (with two spherical joints) of the header - 10.1, left side hatch of the header - 11, right side hatch of the header - 12, hydraulic cylinder for lifting the header - 13, front axle wheels - 14, middle axle wheels - 15, swivel wheels - 16, springs - 16.1, 16.2, 16.3, emergency lights - 17, 18, front guard - 19, rear guard - 20, air conditioning - 21, chassis engine - 22, engine units - 23, exhaust pipe - 24 , air intake - 25, driver's cab - 26, main and auxiliary doors - 26.1, driver's and assistant's seat - 26.2, passage - 26.3, vygr heat auger (sleeve) - 27, hole - 27.1, hopper cross auger - 28, bunker hatch - 28.1, hopper longitudinal auger - 29, hopper - 30, products (grain) - 30.1, harvested plants - 31, lower hopper unloading cross augers - 32, inclined bunker unloading auger - 33, hopper ladder - 34, fuel tank - 35, fire tank for water - 36, upper rails - 36.1, rear ladder - 36.2, fan system - 37, inclined front lower screens - 38 (or blank web), inclined front upper screens - 39, with drive - 39.1, deck (concave) of the first drum with drive ohm - 40, the deck of the second drum with the drive - 41, the first drum - 42, the receiving beater - 42.1, the breaker beater - 42.2, the second drum - 43, the third drum - 44, the deck of the third drum with the drive - 45, the air shield - 45.1, the transverse lower grain auger is 46, the transverse lower rear auger is 47, the inclined auger is 47.1, the first group of straw walkers is 48, the second group of straw walkers is 49, the inclined grain auger is 50, the inclined rear auger is 51, the transverse rear auger is 51.1, the upper rear inclined sieves - 52, with a drive - 52.1, lower rear inclined sieves (or blank web) - 53 (possible medium sieve and passages are not shown here either), the straw chopper valve - 54, the straw chopper chipper - 55, the rear side of the ZUK - 56, the lower drum (straw chopper) with knives - 57, the upper chopper drum with knives passing between the knives of the first drum - 58 , rear hydraulic drive of the power take-off shaft - 59, rear hitch - 60, round baler - 61, rear hitch of the baler - 61.1, wheels of the baler - 62, 63, receiving conveyor of the baler - 64, rear cameras - 65, video camera loading sleeves - 66, knives - 67 (Fig.6 a, b, c, d ), cup - 68, thin knife cable - 69, hydraulic drive - 70, video camera - 71, circular sensor (emitter and receiver) of ultrasonic location - 72, ultrasonic emitters of front location - 73, ultrasonic receivers of front location - 74, sensor mounting frame (emitters and receivers) of the front ultrasonic location - 75, the first and second screens of the all-round view - 76, 77, the belt drive of the middle belt conveyor of the header - 78, the tension shaft of the middle belt conveyor of the header - 79, 80, the conveyor frame - 5, 81, tape conveyor - 5, 82, le you conveyor - 5, 83, the hydraulic cylinder lifting-lowering conveyor - 5, 84, a rotary mechanism of the conveyor - 5, 85, communication of rotary actuators, lifting and rotating conveyor - 5.

Figure 9 shows the electric system ZUK-VK, where the battery (A) - 86 is connected to the control system, an autonomous on-board power supply system (SUE) - 87, connected to the generator (G) - 88 (rotating from the corresponding engine ZUK-VK) connected to the sensor (DT) - 89 pedals depressed, connected to the corresponding headlights - 91.1-91.n, position lights - 92.1-92.m,

turning lights - 93.1-93.d, stop lights - 94.1-94.1, flashing lights (beacons) - 95.1-95.k, on-off keys are in the control system - 87.

Figure 10 shows the fire extinguishing scheme ZUK-VK. Here, the capacity (with extinguishing liquid) (E) - 96 is connected to the valve (CL) - 97, which is connected to the connector of the RZP - 98 actuators, connected to the pump (N) - 99, connected to the valves (CL) - 100.1 - 100. s, (also connected to RZP - 98), connected to the corresponding lines of the spray gun (PC) - 101, installed in the corresponding places of ZUK-VK.

In Fig.11 shows a block diagram of existing components that are equipped with ZUK-VK.

On Fig shows a video surveillance scheme ZUK-VK. Here, the cameras 71.1-71.z are connected to the switch - 102, connected to the switch connector (RZMK) - 103 and to the video data transmission system (SPRD) - 104 and to the first and second screens (76, 77), which can show a picture of a circular view (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 - video cameras), as well as pictures from other cameras.

In Fig.13 shows a video surveillance circuit installed in the remote control center of one or more ZUK-VK. Here, the switch (KM) - 105, is connected to the corresponding video data reception system (SPRM) - 106.1-106.j, receiving data from the corresponding SPRD - 104.1-104.j. KM - 105 is also connected to the corresponding video surveillance screens - 76.1 (77.1) -76.j (77.j). KM - 105 is also connected to the switch connector (REM KM) - 107.

On Fig shows a diagram of a block of information transfer (BPRD). Here the shift register (SR) is 108, connected to the ROM - 109, connected to the delay elements E - 110, 110.1, connected to 1 and 0 inputs of the trigger (T) - 111, connected to the 1st inputs of the keys - 112, 113, the second inputs of which are connected to the output of the generator (G) - 114. The output K - 112 is connected to the input D - 115, connected to the t-input of the CP - 108. The output K - 113 is connected to the divider (D) - 116, connected to the second input key (K) - 117, the first output of which is connected to the SR output and - 108, and the output is connected to the input of the emitter (IZ) - 118. Elements 108-118 form BPRD - 119.

On Fig is a block diagram of the reception of information (BPRM - 120). Here the receiver (PFP) - 121 is connected to the filter (FT) - 122, connected to the sensor (DT) - 123, connected to the driver of the start sending signal (FS) - 124 and the pulse shaper (Ф) - 125. FS - 124 is connected to T-126 and E-117, connected to another input of T - 126 and to input F - 128. The output of T - 126 is connected to the second input of K - 129, the first input of which is connected to the output of G - 130, and the output is connected to the clock ( r) to the input of the SR - 131 (through the divider (D) - 129.1), the i-input of which is connected to the output of F - 125. Elements 121-131 form the BPRM-120.

On Fig. The diagram of the control unit ZUK-VK (BUZUK) - 132. is shown. Here the digital processor (VK-C) - 133 is connected to the BPRD - 134, BPRM - 135, RZMK - 136, the screen (ECR) - 137, the keyboard (KLT) - 138 , sensors (or systems of sensors and primary signal processing circuits) - 139.1-139.r and drives - 140.1-140.t to РЗП - 141, to the image processor (VK-0).

In Fig.17 shows a block diagram of a remote control center ZUK-VK (BTsDUZUK). Here, the digital processor (VK-C) - 143 is connected to the connector (RZMKM) - 144, EKR - 145, KLT - 146, the BPRD switch - 147, the BPRM switch - 148. The BPRD switch - 147 is connected to BPRD 1 - 149.1 - BPRDn - 149.n. The BPRM-148 switch is connected to BPRM1 - 150.1 - BPRM.n - 150.n. VK-C processor - 143 is connected to the image processor (VK-O) - 151. Elements 143-151 form a BTsDUZUK - 152.

On Fig shows a diagram of the hydraulic drive chassis and the hydraulic drive of the processing mechanisms ZUK. Here, the chassis engine (ДВШ) - 153 (for example, a diesel internal combustion engine) is connected to a hydraulic machine (ГМШ) - 154, which creates a flow of a working fluid (for example, gear oil) connected through pipelines 154.1 to valves 155.1-155.О, is connected to drives 156.1-156.O (connected to VK-Ts - 133) and to hydraulic drives of the wheels of the chassis ZUK (PRG) - 157.1-157.O. The engine of the processing mechanisms (DVO) (for example, a diesel internal combustion engine) is similarly as described above connected to the corresponding hydraulic machine, connected to pipelines 159.1, to valves - 160.1-160.O, actuators - 161.1-161.O, PRG - 162.1-162.O ZUK working bodies (for example, drums, screws, fans, etc.).

The device operates as follows. Ears (or other plants) - 31 when moving ZUK - 1 fall under the slats (springs) of the conveyor belt of the header - 3.1, which with the help of the bar - 3.6 and the drive - 3.4 can create a different tilt of the reel itself - 3.1 and the clearance between the header - 2 and reel - 3.1. The drive - 3.5 drives the transport reel belt - 3.1, and the plants after cutting with rotary knives - 7 (67, 69) fall on the tape, left - 4, right - 6 and middle 5 header conveyors - 2. If there is a process of mowing to the dump , then with the left hatch open - 11 reapers - 2 and all conveyors turning to the left, there is a mass dump on the left side, if the hatch is open - 12 and the conveyors rotate to the right, then the dump goes to the right side. The average belt conveyor - 5 reapers - 2 through the cylinder - 83 rises up and through the drive - 84 unfolds and lowers again. When combining, the mowed mass with the right - 6 and left - 4 header conveyors - 2 is fed to the middle conveyor - 5, which is 8 along the inclined conveyor, along the conveyors - 8.1, 8.2 it feeds the mass to the receiving and breaking beater (42.1, 42.2), which performs also a warning function against the penetration of large solid parts between the drum - 42 and deck - 40. When driving, cameras - 71, front location sensors - 73, 74, which provide information about obstacles in front of the header. Sensors - 72 circular locations provide data on the location of the object around the ZUK. Further, the beveled mass falls between the drum - 42 and deck - 40, the process of primary threshing takes place. Threshed products wake up through the sieve of the deck - 40. Then the mass falls on the threshing between the drum - 43 and deck - 41. The threshing products pass through the sieve of the deck - 41 to the upper sieves - 39. The straw mass passes to the first straw walker - 48, which has a serrated surface and holes in the boxes, the straw shakes (through the oscillatory movement of the straw walkers on the corresponding cranks) and is fed to the second straw walkers - 49, and the extracted grain is fed to the upper rear sieves - 52, which make oscillating (drive - 39.1, 52.1). If the valve - 55 is pressed against the wall - 56, and the valve - 54 is in position “2”, then the straw falls to the ground or is picked up by a conveyor - 64, by balers - 61 into rolls and then removed by transport from the field. If the valves - 54, 55 are in position “1”, then the straw falls on the drums - 57, 58 of the straw chopper. These drums rotate at different speeds, which allows chopping straw and dispersing it across the field as fertilizer. The descent from the upper sieve - 39 passes to the upper sieve - 52, the descent from which passes to the final threshing between the rotating drum - 44 and deck - 45. The descent goes into the grinder, and the threshing products pass through the sieve of deck - 45 into the rear auger - 47, and further through the auger - 52.1 to the upper sieves - 52. The passage from the upper sieves - 39 may fall onto a row of (medium) sieves with a descent into the grain auger - 46, and the passage to the discharge (dust) or into a special additional hopper (not shown) . Or the passage of sieves - 39 immediately enters the grain auger - 46, which is blown by a predetermined force by the air flow from the fan - 37. This flow carries off light fractions from the lower rear sieve - 53 and the light fraction of the deck sieve - 45 outside the combine. Flow swirls are regulated by an air shield - 45.1. The grain enters through the inclined screw - 50, the transverse screw - 28 and the longitudinal screw - 29 into the hopper - 30 (production - 30.1). You can get into the bunker - 30 through the hatch - 28.1 through the stairs - 34. With a full bunker - 30, the combine (or automatics) turns on the emergency lights - 17, 18, the transport is fed and by means of the augers - 32, 33, 27 the process of loading the transport (unloading the bunker) - thirty).

The operation of the lighting electrical system, dimensions, stop, turns is standard (Fig.9). When the brake pedal is pressed, the DT - 89, SUE - 87 are activated, the stop lights - 94 are lit. When the corresponding keys are pressed, the light is on, the side lights, and when the corresponding keys are turned on, the turns flash. The generator is charging.

The fire extinguishing system operates as follows. When a signal arrives at RZP - 98, valve - 97 opens, the corresponding valve - 100.1-100.s, the pump (N) - 99 starts working, the corresponding sprayers (PC) - 101 deliver the extinguishing liquid from the tank (E) - 96 to the fire .

The complexes of Fig.11 are included in the system ZUK-VK, increasing the culture of the labor of the combine.

By means of video cameras - 71, located around the perimeter of ZUK-VK and further to the switch - 102 and video monitors (screens) - 76, 77, the combiner sees the whole picture around the ZUK of sectors 1-8. The same information is transmitted through RZMK-103 to BUZUK-132, and through SPRD-104 and KM-105, to monitors 76, 77 of the control center of the ZUK group. One or more operators can also observe the situation around the corresponding ZUK. The same information through RZMKM - 107 (144) enters the VK-C processor - 143 BTsVUZUK - 152 for making appropriate decisions.

BPRD - 119 (Fig.14) works as follows. Data enters the SR - 108 and is recorded there by the signal at the p-input (along with the starting package from the ROM - 109), the signal translates T - 111 to "1" at the input E - 110, K - 112, 113 opens the output signal G - 114, passes K - 112, D - 115 to the CP input of the CP - 108, supplying information through the CP output of the CP - 108 to the input of K - 117. The signal from the output of K - 113, D - 116, K - 117 passes to the input of the emitter - 118, transmitting data to the corresponding BPRM - 120, after a specified time, E - 110.1 transfers T - 111 to "0".

BPRM - 120 (Fig.15) works as follows. PRM - 121 receives the signal from the corresponding BPRD - 119. The signal passes FT - 122, DT - 123, FS - 124, generates a response pulse to the starting package, T - 126 to "1", K - 129 is open. The signal from the output of G - 130 passes K - 129, the divider (D) - 129.1 to the t-input of SR - 131, to the i-input of which data from F - 125 is received. After a specified time, E - 127 transfers T - 126 to "0 ”And F - 128 generates a ready signal.

The hydraulic drive operates as follows. DVSh (DVO) - 153 (158) (Fig. 18) rotates the hydraulic shock gun - 154 (159) and gives the pressure of the working fluid in the pipelines (154.1, 159.1). When the corresponding actuators - 156 (161) are triggered and the corresponding valves - 155 (160) are triggered, the corresponding actuators (PRG) - 157 (162) of the chassis (working machine) work.

BUZUK - 132 (Fig.16) works as follows. The VK-C processor interrogates the sensors - 139 and, in accordance with the existing program, makes a decision, in particular, informs the combiner via the ECR - 137. The combiner, using the keyboard keys (KLT) - 138 or a special console (a dedicated group of keys), sets the necessary operating modes of the units included in ZUK (rotational speed of drums, fans, etc.). The processor sends these commands to the VK-C actuators - 140, which control the corresponding dampers, valves, etc. working bodies (for example, a thrust lever of a high pressure fuel pump (TNVD) of the engine, etc.). All information is transmitted VK-O - 142, which can also autonomously make decisions on the management of ZUK (or carry out prompts). VK-C - 133 also through BPRD - 134 transmits data to the BTsDUZUK - 152 and through BPRM - 135 receives information from the BTsDUZUK - 152, in cases of control from the center. An operator (or operators) located in the control center of one or several ZUKs receives through BPRM1-n (150) and the BPRM switch - 148, VK-C - 143 on the ECR - 145 the necessary information (they also receive video data from monitors - 76, 77 ( Fig.13)). Make decisions and enter commands using the keys KLT - 146, VK-C - 143, through the switch - 147 and BPRD1-n (149) transmits control data to the corresponding BUZUK - 132. Automatically or in the mode of advice remotely by one or a group of ZUKs, VK-O is carried out image processor - 151.

Compared with the prototype of the proposed device provides the following advantages.

1. Rotary (rotating) knives easier to carry out the operation of cutting and more durable. Easy to repair.

2. The hydraulic drive of the rotor blades is more reliable, easy to adjust.

3. The tape reel has light weight, adjustable grip, tilt and speed, which improves the mowing process and reduces grain loss.

4. The conveyor belt conveyor is lightweight, cheap to manufacture, easy to control, for example, when working on a dump and harvesting.

5. There is no need to remove the header or refit, this is done from the combiner's cab.

6. The inclined conveyor is simpler, lighter, and its belts are easily changed.

7. The combine operator’s cabin is double, isolated, removed from noisy working bodies (separated by a hopper), equipped with all necessary systems that provide the necessary comfort to the combine operator.

8. Two engines. One drives the systems of working mechanisms. The other, providing high power, gives high speed during transportation and high speed during operation. Large fuel tank, convenient bypass of engines, automatic fire extinguishing system with an on-board liquid tank.

9. The hydraulic drive system provides high reliability and compactness of all moving working systems.

10. Three-axle all-wheel drive, two wheels on each side, on the chassis springs provides a smooth ride, low soil pressure and good traction. The small size of the tires makes them easy enough to change.

11. Grain transportation system - screw, low-wear, reliable, easy to manufacture.

12. The use of the rear hitch and the rear power take-off shaft allows you to tow the combine and attach additional machines.

13. A large hopper with the ability to increase its size, with a low location, with an effective unloading system.

14. A three-drum threshing system increases threshing efficiency.

15. The internal space of the combine allows you to put a predetermined number of screens of passage and exit (and additional equipment) to ensure the necessary cleaning of grain and eliminate losses. Decks (concave) by means of a drive can go far from the drums, which allows not to manually clean them from the mass. Drums can be easily removed from the top of the combine. The frame design provides the necessary strength to set the optimal speed of the drums.

16. The internal fan controlled by a hydraulic actuator allows to reach optimum turns for creation of the required air stream.

17. Two (or several) rows of straw walkers, small in length, makes it possible to obtain their compact arrangement.

18. The use of a straw chopper makes it easier to cultivate the soil and plow. The use of a roll (or other) straw press (sorter) allows efficiently further transporting the harvested mass.

19. The developed system of sensors and video surveillance provides a complete informational picture for controlling the combine.

20. The remote control system allows operators to control the combine manually, automatically, remotely and autonomously.

The list of sensors for obtaining information for the ZUK-VK control system, which can be implemented on a digital processor:

1. The speed of the chassis.

2. The total mileage of the chassis.

3. The rotation speed of the drums 1, 2, 3.

4. The speed of rotation of the beaters 1, 2.

5. The rotation speed of the straw walkers 1, 2.

6. The rotation speed of the product cleaning fan.

7. Air supply volume.

8. The rotation speed of the conveyor reel.

9. The speed of rotation of the conveyors 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.

10. The speed of rotation of the drives of the screen 1, 2.

11. The level of loading of the hopper.

12. Engine sensors (1, 2):

1) oil pressure

2) water temperature

3) speed

4) the number of hours,

5) charging the battery,

6) fuel level,

7) pressure in the pneumatic system,

8) oil pressure in the oil engine,

9) the temperature of the transport oil,

10) engine oil level,

11) level of transport oil.

13. Liquid level for fire fighting.

14. The position of the straw chopper board.

15. The rotational speed of the straw cutting drums.

16. Screw rotation speed:

1) grain 1, 2, 3, 4,

2) rear 1, 2,

3) unloading 1, 2, 3, 4.

17. Turn on / off the bunker vibrator.

18. Sensors of obstacles to the header.

19. Obstacle sensors around the chassis.

20. Tire pressure 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, c, 1, 8, 9, 10.

21. Fire detectors.

22. Sensors on-off fire extinguishing system.

23. The rotation speed of the roll.

24. The sensor pickup roll.

25. Header angle sensor.

26. The position sensor of the unloading auger.

27. Sensor finding the object under the unloading auger.

28. The angle sensor of the conveyor reel.

29. Position sensor middle conveyor header.

30. The position sensor hatches header 1, 2.

31. The rotation speed of the knives of the header.

32. The speed of rotation of the power take-off shaft.

33. The temperature inside the cabin.

34. Temperature outside the cab.

35. Humidity sensors of the harvested product.

36. Sensors signal beacon 1, 2.

37. Sensors: turns, foot, headlights, dimensions, spotlights.

Claims (1)

Combine harvester comprising a chassis with one driving and one steering axle, header, inclined conveyor, cab, engine, hopper, two drums with decks, a group of straw walkers, a fan, a grain auger, a rear auger, characterized in that the chassis is equipped with a frame to which the first drive axle and the second drive axle, the steering axle equipped with shock absorbing elements are attached, and all axles are driving, each axle is equipped with at least two wheels on each side, the header is equipped with an obstacle warning system, left, right , the middle conveyor belts, and the middle conveyor is configured to change the feed direction, the reel is made in the form of a conveyor belt with crossbars, for example springs, equipped with a retractable rod with a change in the curvature of the belt of the lower part of the conveyor, cutting elements are made in the form of rotor knives having each hydraulic drive , the header is attached to the chassis in the form of a spring-loaded parallelogram of articulated power elements, among which there is a belt inclined conveyor moreover, a hopper is attached to the chassis frame, under which a horizontal conveyor and then an inclined drum conveyor pass, a double cabin with two doors and a system for maintaining optimal climatic parameters is attached to the front of the chassis, two engines are attached in front of the chassis, for example, internal combustion engines, each connected to its own a hydraulic machine connected to its pipelines, connected to the hydraulic drives of the respective chassis wheels and mechanisms, an inclined drum conveyor transport it is connected with receiving and breaking hammers, transportably connected with the first and second drums with corresponding decks, transportably connected with two or more groups of straw walkers, transportably connected with the exit from the internal volume of the combine through the straw chopper or through the corresponding hatch, and the straw chopper is made in the form of two drums with radial knives having different speeds of rotation, and the decks of the first and second drums are transportally connected to the first group of inclined screens, which can be reciprocating vibrations, the descent from the upper sieves being transportally connected with the upper sieves of the second group of sieves having the ability to make reciprocating vibrations that are transported with straw walkers and the third drum with a deck transported with the straw chopper, with the passage of the upper sieves first sieve groups are transported to the lower sieve group or web, which are transported to the lower horizontal grain auger, transported to the inclined grain auger, transported to with an upper horizontal hopper screw, transportally connected to the transverse hopper screw, the lower hopper screw is transported connected to an inclined hopper screw, transported to a horizontal swing-out hopper screw equipped with an opening, and the lower sieve of the second group of sieves or canvas is also transported to the lower grain screw and with the passage of the lower part of the second group of screens, also associated with the passage of the upper part of the second group of screens, and the passage of the deck of the third drum is transported an horizontal rear auger, transportably connected with an inclined rear auger with a horizontal upper rear auger, with upper sieves of the second sieve group, and all mechanisms are mounted on the corresponding chassis elements, the fan being transportally connected with the passage of the first and second group of sieves, the passage between the deck of the third drum and rear lower auger and through an adjustable shutter - with the exit hatch of the internal volume of the combine, and the combine is equipped with a rear power take-off shaft and a rear coupling device, which provides connection the baler and other units, and the combine is equipped with an ultrasonic system for detecting obstacles in front of the header located on a special frame in front of the reel, equipped with an ultrasonic system for detecting obstacles along the perimeter of the combine, a video surveillance system around the perimeter of the combine and in selected places, a system for maintaining optimal parameters in the cab , a system of semi-automatic and automatic control of the combine, a system for remote control of a group of combines in manual, semi-automatic automatic modes.

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