RU2402447C1 - Two-floor passenger car air conditioning system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to two-floor passenger car air conditioning systems. Proposed system comprises two air preparation assemblies arranged on car ends with ceiling and floor inlet air ducts of every car floor an recirculation channels. Said channels are equipped with adjustable release holes. Air heater and shutters are provided for said channels. Shutters are connected with diffusers arranged inside the car. Top floor ceiling ducts are arranged between car isolation and passenger compartment ceiling, while bottom floor ceiling ducts are arranged between floor overlaying and passenger compartment ceiling. Recirculation channels are arranged between passenger compartment roof and ceiling and communicated with car corridors. Heaters are arranged between car isolation and facing panels on car floor. ^ EFFECT: improved air conditioning and heating. ^ 4 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The claimed invention relates to air conditioning devices, mainly a passenger double-decker car.

Known equipment for the ventilation of the interior of the bodies of rail rolling stock, in particular double-decker passenger cars (GDR patent No. 42892), including fans located on the front side of the car and a through channel system passing along the car, the supply air channel being laid in the ceiling between floors and distributed over air ducts of lower height for the upper and lower floors. The opposite ends of these channels can be periodically locked using the adjustment elements installed in them.

Such equipment can be used only in those double-decker cars, the structural dimensions of which provide the possibility of arranging channels in the space between floors. In the case of installation of a refrigeration unit in the upper floor, air exhaust can lead to an uneven distribution of air temperature, as a result of which there is a need for additional convection heating of the lower floor.

Known equipment for ventilation and air conditioning in the interior of cars, in particular double-decker restaurant cars (GDR patent No. 57607), which includes air conditioning units with blowers located opposite each other in the roof zone, as well as parallel countercurrent supply air ducts with a mixing and stabilizing channel located between them. This equipment limits the space, especially the height, for passengers on the second floor, and does not provide an even distribution of temperature on the lower floor. Ventilation of the lower floor by means of exhaust vents located in the ceiling is insufficient.

For the prototype adopted "Air-conditioning device for conditioning a double-decker passenger car" (GDR patent No. 269359, IPC B61D 27/00, publ. 06/28/1989). The air-conducting device is made in the form of aerodynamic channels located on the passive insulation of the car body with a maximum degree of surface circulation inside the car. The floor channels of the lower floor are located under the floor, the channels of the floor of the upper floor, which are also the ceiling channels of the lower floor, can be located on the floor, in the floor or under the floor of the upper floor. The supply of cold air is carried out through the channels of the ceiling or floor through induction devices, and the supply of warm air is carried out mainly through the floor channels, while the air distribution channels are connected to the units for preparing the air installed on both ends of the car. Recirculated air is mixed with cold air or supplied to the air preparation unit through a system of channels located in the zone of the terminal compartment of the upper floor.

The use of this device is possible only in the passenger compartment (open) version of the passenger car, since when the inner space of the car is divided into passenger rooms, air temperature will inevitably drop along the length of the car and between the rooms, due to the fact that recirculated air is mixed with cold air in each compartment in separately.

The use of this device also reduces the height of the room or the thickness of the passive insulation of the car, which leads to a decrease in the usable space of the car, negatively affects the heat balance of the car, and also reduces the bearing capacity of the floor and limits the possibility of fixing internal equipment on it.

The objectives of the proposal are:

- increase the carrying capacity of the floor and increase the usable volume of the car and the area used for fixing internal equipment;

- reduction of air temperature difference along the length and height of the car;

- ensuring acceptable speeds of air movement and an acceptable rate of air exchange in passenger rooms while maintaining a low noise level in the latter.

For this, the air conditioning system of a passenger double-decker car contains at least two air preparation units located at the ends of the car, recirculation channels and ceiling and floor supply air channels attached to them, located on each floor and equipped with exhaust elements for air outlet.

What is new is that the system is equipped with at least one air heater connected to at least one air preparation unit. Ceiling ducts for the supply air of the upper floor are located between the roof insulation and the ceiling of the passenger room. Ceiling channels for the supply air of the lower floor are located between the ceiling of the passenger room and the floor. Floor supply air channels of each floor are located between the facing panel of the passenger room and the insulation of the side wall of the car. The discharge elements are made in the form of adjustable holes. Recirculation channels are located between the roof and ceiling of the car and communicate with the corridors of the car.

New is the fact that the air conditioning system is equipped with blinds located in the side wall of the car, and connected by exhaust ducts with unregulated and / or adjustable diffusers located inside the car. In addition, on each floor, in the area of the floor of the passenger rooms and the corridor of the car, there are heating appliances.

The technical result is expressed in the following.

The presence of an air heater connected to at least one air preparation unit, the production of exhaust elements in the form of adjustable devices or holes, the presence of blinds located in the side wall of the car and connected by exhaust ducts with unregulated and / or adjustable diffusers located inside the car, provides the distribution and removal of air from the compartments of the car compartment, which leads to the achievement of acceptable air exchange rates and air speeds inside the car while maintaining viscous noise level in the past.

The placement of ceiling channels of the supply air of the upper floor between the roof insulation and the ceiling of the passenger room, ceiling channels of the supply air of the lower floor between the ceiling of the passenger room and the floor, and floor channels of the supply air of each floor between the facing panels of the passenger room and the passive insulation of the car, increase the load-bearing capacity floor and leads to an increase in the usable volume of the car and the area used for fixing internal equipment.

Placing recirculation channels between the roof and the ceiling of the car with the possibility of communication with the corridors of the car while supplying fresh air from above and below leads to a uniform distribution of air in the car's rooms, which, in turn, leads to a decrease in the air temperature difference along the length and height of the car.

The proposed drawings depict:

figure 1 - air conditioning system of a passenger double-decker car, a General view;

figure 2 - location of the ceiling and floor channels of the supply air of the upper floor, a plan view;

figure 3 - location of the ceiling and floor channels of the supply air of the lower floor, plan view;

figure 4 - location of the ceiling and floor channels of the supply air and heating appliances, a sectional view;

figure 5 - the location of the recirculation channels and units for the preparation of air, General view;

6 is an arrangement of recirculation channels and air preparation units, a plan view;

Fig.7 - the location of the blinds, exhaust ducts and diffusers, General view;

Fig - the location of the blinds, exhaust ducts and diffusers, a plan view.

An air conditioning system for a passenger double-decker car contains at least two air preparation units (air conditioners) located at the ends of the car, a ceiling duct for supply air of the upper floor, floor duct 3 of the supply air of the upper floor, ceiling duct 4 of the supply air of the lower floor channel 5 of the supply air of the lower floor. Channels 2, 3, 4, 5 are connected to air preparation units 1 and are equipped with exhaust elements for air outlet. The exhaust elements are made in the form of adjustable holes 6. Recirculation channels 7 are connected to the air preparation units 1, placed between the roof and the ceiling 8 of the passenger room and communicate with the corridors 9 of the car. An air heater 10 connected to at least one channel 2, at least one channel 3, at least one channel 4, and at least one channel is connected to at least one unit 1 5. In the side wall of the car, louvers 11 are placed, connected by exhaust channels 12 to unregulated and / or with adjustable diffusers 13 located inside the car. The ceiling channel 2 of the supply air of the upper floor is located between the insulation 14 of the car and the ceiling 8 of the passenger room. The ceiling channel 4 of the supply air of the lower floor is located between the interfloor overlap 15 and the ceiling 8 of the room. Floor ducts 3, 5 of the supply air of each floor are placed between the facing panels 16 and the insulation 14 of the car. The heaters 17 are located in the floor area of the passenger rooms and corridors 9 between the passive insulation 14 of the car and the cladding panels 16. At least one supply air channel 2, 3, 4, 5 is installed in front of the place where the air is distributed to the passenger rooms, at least one control flap 18.

The air conditioning system of a passenger double-decker car works as follows.

Under the action of the fan air preparation unit 1 installed, the outside air through the heater 10 enters the ceiling channel 2 of the supply air of the upper floor, the floor channel 3 of the supply air of the upper floor, the ceiling channel 4 of the supply air of the lower floor and the floor channel 5 of the supply air of the lower floor. As a result of the release of air in the premises, two opposing air flows are formed that quench each other's speeds. The supply of cold air in cooling mode and warm air in heating mode simultaneously to the upper and lower levels of the passenger room of the car of each floor leads to the formation of vortices of circulation of the upper and lower levels of the room with intensive mixing of the supply air with the room air. This creates equally comfortable conditions both on the upper floor of the car and on the lower.

Air through the corridors 9 of the upper and lower floors, which sets the direction of its movement, through recirculation channels 7 enters again into the air preparation unit 1, at the same time, through the shutters 11 and unregulated and (or) adjustable diffusers 13, the exhaust air is discharged outside. To heat the air in the cold season, a heater 10 and heaters 17 are used.

Claims (4)

1. The air conditioning system of a passenger double-decker car, comprising at least two air preparation units located at the ends of the car with recirculation channels and ceiling and floor supply air channels located on each floor and provided with exhaust elements for air outlet, characterized the fact that it further comprises an air heater connected to at least one air preparation unit and coupled to at least one sweat the upper floor supply air duct with at least one ceiling lower floor supply air duct, at least one upper floor supply air duct with at least one lower floor supply air duct, and louvers placed in the side wall of the car and connected by exhaust ducts with unregulated and / or adjustable diffusers located inside the car, while the ceiling duct for the supply air of the upper floor is located between the insulation of the car and the ceiling ohm of the passenger room, the ceiling channel for the supply air of the lower floor is located between the floor and the ceiling of the passenger room, the floor channels of the supply air of each floor are located between the facing panels and the insulation of the car, and the recirculation channels are located between the roof and the ceiling of the passenger room and communicate with the corridors of the car. 2. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with heating devices located in the floor area of the passenger rooms and the corridor of the car between the insulation of the car and facing panels. 3. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that the exhaust elements are made in the form of adjustable holes. 4. The air conditioning system according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one control air damper is installed in the at least one supply air channel in front of the place for the start of air distribution to the passenger rooms.

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