RU2401771C2 - Turbofan method of producing aircraft lift in horizontal flight, aircraft-turbocraft, increased load-lifting capacity aircraft - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: set of invention relates to aircraft engineering. Proposed method consists in using lifting-bearing turbofans with gas drive from turbojet engines, while horizontal flight is performed by turbojet or piston engines with longitudinal thrust vector with respect to aircraft. Aircraft flight is controlled by elevation and vertical rudders. High-speed aircraft-turbocraft comprises airframe, turbojet engines, lifting-bearing turbofans with gas drive from turbojet engines arranged along aircraft sides or above airframe. High-speed increased load-lifting capacity aircraft comprises combined flight complex consisting of aerodynamic control surface, lifting-bearing variable thrust vector turbofans, turbojet or piston engines, and has-jet rudders. Turbofan engines can be used as gas generators.

EFFECT: reduced drag and take-off-and landing run time.

6 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The group of inventions relates to the field of aircraft with the properties of vertical and horizontal flights, the lifting force of which in horizontal flight is created only by turbofan systems alone, and together with turbofan systems, aerodynamic lifting and carrying planes.

No analogues of the claimed invention were found.

The technical result of the claimed invention, a turbojet is to create a wingless aircraft (LA) of an aerodrome-free type without the use of aerodynamic planes (wings), which allows:

1) significantly reduce the drag of the aircraft in horizontal flight;

2) several times to reduce the transverse dimensions of the aircraft, which creates the possibility of aerodrome-free basing in almost any conditions, including general-purpose floating equipment;

3) significantly reduce the technological capacity of production by eliminating such complex parts of the aircraft as lifting-bearing planes.

The indicated technical result is achieved by the fact that instead of aerodynamic lift-bearing planes, lift-bearing turbofan (TV) with a controlled thrust vector with a gas drive from turbojet engines (GD), which operate as gas generators, is used instead of aerodynamic lift-bearing planes to create a horizontal flight; throughout the flight, and horizontal speed is provided on the basis of jet or helical thrust. Lifting-bearing TVs are placed along the sides of the fuselage or on top of the fuselage on rotary or fixed platforms.

The essence of the claimed invention is illustrated by drawings, which show an example of a turbo-turbo with onboard TV.

Figure 1. Turbo, front view.

Figure 2. Turbo, top view.

Note. In the drawings, the left half of the aircraft is shown in the flight position, the right half in the position after landing.

The inventive turbo (Fig. 1, 2) contains the fuselage 1, the lifting-bearing TV 2 with a controlled thrust vector, located along the sides of the fuselage and grouped into folding rotary platforms 3, turbojet engines-gas generators (TRD-GG) 4, also located on the sides fuselage and associated with the TV through pipelines 5 of the gas drive, combined into a single gas pipeline system, mid-thrust horizontal traction turbojet engine 6, providing high-speed horizontal flight of the aircraft installed in the rear of the fuselage, aerodynamic steering wheel 7, s abilizator 8 and 9, the elevator function with the aileron, rudder gas jet (not shown). The function of the ailerons of the left and right half-planes of the elevator 9 is that the half-planes have the ability to rotate at different angles simultaneously, for which the aircraft is equipped with an appropriate control mechanism. This function of elevator ailerons 9 allows you to eliminate the roll of the turbo in high-speed horizontal flight. The possible pitch deviation is corrected using a gas-jet steering system. In the ground position, as shown in position 10 of figure 1, the TV platform 3 is fixed under the fuselage with spring clips. TV platforms do not have swivel mechanisms. In flight position 3, they are self-installing under the action of the gas output stream TV. In this position they are locked with automatic locks.

The longitudinal pipelines 5 of the single gas pipeline system serve simultaneously as the axis of rotation of the TV as part of the rotary platforms 3. The gas flow to the TV enters through the side openings of the longitudinal pipelines, and the inlet gas conduits of the TV are equipped with control valves-dampers with the ability to control the gas flow on each individual TV.

As can be seen from the drawings, the use of a turbofan lift-bearing complex several times reduces the transverse dimensions of aircraft compared to cruise aircraft, which, combined with the possibility of vertical take-off and landing, makes it possible to base rather heavy turbojets in very small areas, for example, in mountains or on boats general purpose, not to mention special aircraft carriers. Moreover, on aircraft carriers, the advantage of the claimed invention, a turbo can be especially noticeable, since it will make it possible to base them on large turbojets, for example transport or air plane tankers, as well as heavy turbojets with a different purpose.

The flight cycle of a turbolet is performed as follows.

1. Take the turbo to the take-off area.

2. Start the engines of the lifting and horizontal traction systems.

3. They speed up the operation of the turbojet engine-GG, as a result of which the TV lifting-bearing platforms under the action of the TV gas output flows take a flight position, which is automatically fixed.

4. Make a vertical take-off.

5. They force the horizontal-thrust turbojet engine and go on the march flight.

Landing maneuvers are as follows.

1. Having reached the landing site, reduce the speed of the horizontal traction turbojet engine or stop it.

2. Using the maneuverable capabilities of the lifting-bearing TV and gas-jet rudders, hover over the landing point.

3. Reduce the speed of the turbojet engine-GG and make a landing.

4. Stop the turbojet engine-GG and fix the TV platform in the landing position.

The invention of high-performance aircraft relates to aircraft with a combined lifting-bearing complex consisting of aerodynamic lifting-bearing planes and lifting-bearing turbofan.

No analogues of the claimed invention were found.

The technical result of the claimed invention is the creation of an aircraft with increased carrying capacity before doubling it while maintaining or slightly increasing the traditional (normative for airplanes) dimensions, reducing take-off values during ascent and run when landing, and when the normative weight for airplanes is the possibility of vertical take-off and landing, and also in any case, maintaining high aircraft speeds in marching flight.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that aerodynamic lifting-bearing planes (wings) are used in the aircraft together with the lifting-bearing TVs with a gas drive from the turbojet engine located along the sides of the fuselage, functioning as gas generators throughout the cruise flight, and the horizontal speed is based on jet or screw thrust.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, which show an example of a high-performance aircraft with an onboard TV, onboard turbojet engines and tail-mounted horizontal traction turbojet engines.

Figure 3. High-capacity aircraft, front view.

Figure 4. High-capacity aircraft, top view.

Note. In the drawings, the left half of the aircraft is shown in the flight position using both aerodynamic lift-bearing planes (wings) and lift-bearing planes, the right half is shown using only the aerodynamic lift-bearing plane.

The inventive increased payload aircraft comprises a fuselage 1, an aerodynamic lifting-bearing plane 11, lifting-bearing TV 2 located along the sides of the fuselage and grouped into folding rotary platforms 3, TRD-GG 4, also located along the sides of the fuselage and connected to the TV through pipelines 5 a gas drive, combined into a single gas pipeline system through a connecting pipe 12, mid-thrust horizontal traction turbojet engine 6, providing high-speed horizontal flight, installed in the rear of the fuselage, by aerodynamics esky rudder 7 Stabilizer 8 and 9, the elevator, rudder gas jet (not shown).

In the ground position, the lifting-bearing TV platforms 3 are located in one of the following positions: they are left in the flight position or put into niches 13, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. Position 14 in FIG. 3 also shows the position of the TV platforms when using only aerodynamic lift-bearing plane, for example, with insufficient aircraft load. In this case, the TV passage openings are closed either with retractable cowls or fairings or shutters such as blinds.

The flight technology of the aircraft with increased payload is as follows:

1) launch the turbojet engine and horizontal propulsion turbojet engine.

2) increase the speed of the turbojet engine and the installation of TV platforms in the flight position.

3) boost the operation of the turbojet engine and horizontal propulsion turbojet engine, produce a shortened take-off and take-off of the aircraft. When taking off, both an aerodynamic control system and gas-jet rudders are used.

At an incomplete weight load, for example, half, which corresponds individually to the bearing abilities of both the aerodynamic lifting-bearing plane and the turbofan lifting-bearing complex, take-off is carried out on the basis of the vertical thrust of the TV, and then goes into horizontal flight. At the same time, takeoff control is carried out on the basis of a gas-jet steering complex, including a change in the thrust vector of the TV.

Landing maneuvers have no features.

Claims (6)

1. A method of creating a lifting force at the marching stage of horizontal flight of a high-speed aircraft without the use of aerodynamic bearing planes, which consists in the fact that instead of aerodynamic lifting-bearing planes, lifting-bearing turbofans with a gas drive from turbojet engines operating as gas generators throughout mid-flight flight, and horizontal high-speed flight is provided on the basis of turbojet or screw engines with air propulsion engines with odolnym relative to the aircraft thrust vector control and high-speed cruise flight produced by the aerodynamic elevator and rudder and landing maneuvers are performed based on the gas-jet rudders. 2. A high-speed turbo-flying aircraft containing turbo-fans in marching horizontal flight, turbojet engines as gas generators of a turbofan gas drive, gas drive pipelines combined into a single gas pipeline system, turbojet or screw engines with air propulsion engines with a longitudinal vector relative to the aircraft thrust with the ability to provide high-speed flight, aerodynamic rudder and elevator with electric function tron, gas-jet control surfaces with the possibility of maneuvering the aircraft control in hover and at low speeds. 3. A high-speed turbo-flying aircraft according to claim 2, characterized in that the lifting-bearing turbofans are located along the fuselage and are hinged with fixation of the flight position, and their hollow axis of rotation are made on the basis of the longitudinal pipelines of a single gas pipeline system, and the gas-inlet openings of the turbofan equipped with control valves, dampers with the ability to control the gas flow on each individual turbofan. 4. High-speed turbo-flying aircraft according to claim 2, characterized in that the lifting-bearing turbofan is located on the end parts of the turntables mounted on top of the fuselage and connected to a single gas pipeline system through hollow gas conducting axes passing through the center of rotation of the turntable, turbofans on rotary platforms are installed in such a way that when they operate, the fuselage is not blown by the gas flow from the turbofan. 5. High-speed turbo-flying aircraft according to claim 2, characterized in that the left and right movable planes of the elevator are equipped with a separate control mechanism with the ability to simultaneously rotate them at different angles and thus implement the ailerons function. 6. High-speed aircraft of increased carrying capacity, containing a combined flight system consisting of an aerodynamic lift-bearing plane and lift-bearing turbofan with a variable thrust vector, with the possibility of both joint and separate use of elements of the combined flight complex at all stages of flight, turbofan engines as gas generators of lift-bearing turbofan, gas drive pipelines integrated into a single gas pipeline system, turbo active or screw with air propulsion engines of the aircraft with respect to a longitudinal thrust vector to provide a high-speed cruise flight, aerodynamic elevators and rudders, gas jet rudders to control the aircraft in low-speed flight regimes.

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