RU2401156C1 - Axial flow separation element - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: proposed separation element consists of shell, swirler, spray separator and hollow body arranged aligned with said shell. There is a hole made on the face of hollow body arranged nearby swirler. Sealed opposite face is provided with gas feed branch pipe. Said hollow body comprises an element to destruct regular streams of fluid films that represents a wire screen secured on hollow body outer surface nearby aforesaid face with hole. Hollow body surface located nearby sealed face is perforated. Hollow body surface perforation flow section equals or exceeds that of hollow body face hole. Element to destruct regular streams of fluid films is arranged at the distance of 0.25-0.75 of hollow body length from hollow body face nearby swirler.

EFFECT: efficient separation of gas-fluid mix.

4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for cleaning gas from liquid impurities using centrifugal forces arising from the twisting of the gas stream, and can be used to separate gas-liquid flows in the oil, gas, petrochemical and other industries.

Known centrifugal separation element, which is an integral part of a multi-stage centrifugal separator and containing a shell with a swirl, a liquid trap and a gas outlet. The separator is equipped with an axial tube, one end of which is located in the cavity of the shell and the other in the outlet pipe of the shell (ed. Certificate of the USSR No. 768432, IPC B01D 45/12, publ. 1980, OB No. 7).

Common features of the known centrifugal separation element with the proposed are:

- shell;

- swirl;

- liquid droplet eliminator.

A disadvantage of the known device is the ineffective separation of liquid from gas due to the secondary ablation of droplets deposited in the form of a film on an axial tube.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed invention is a centrifugal separation element, comprising a casing with a trap of separated liquid and a swirl. Inside the shell, a hollow cylindrical body is placed coaxially with it, one end of which is sealed and protruding above the trap of the separated liquid, and the other end is made in the form of a nozzle and is located above the swirl, in addition, the protruding end part of the hollow body is equipped with gas supply pipes (patent No. 2140317, IPC ⁶ B01D 45/12, publ. 12.10.1999, OB No. 30).

Common features of the known and proposed devices are:

- shell;

- swirl;

- dropper;

- placed hollow body pine with a shell;

- one end of the hollow body is located near the swirl and is made with a hole;

- the opposite end face of the hollow body is sealed and provided with gas supply pipes.

A disadvantage of the known device is the insufficiently high efficiency of gas and liquid separation due to secondary entrainment caused by the deposition of part of the small droplets that bounced onto the outer surface of the hollow central body and the passage of a portion of the liquid from the inner cavity of the hollow central body onto it in the form of a film.

The technical task is to achieve high separation efficiency of the gas-liquid mixture by reducing the entrainment of gas with liquid.

The problem is achieved in that in a centrifugal separation element containing a shell, a swirl, a dropper and a hollow body placed coaxially with the shell, one end of which is located near the swirl and is made with a hole, and the opposite end is sealed and equipped with gas supply pipes, the hollow body is made with an element that ensures the destruction of regular currents of the liquid film.

In addition, the surface of the hollow body has a perforation made near the airtight end.

In addition, the bore of the perforation of the surface of the hollow body is equal to or greater than the bore of the hole of the hollow body made at its end.

In addition, the element that ensures the destruction of regular currents of the liquid film is made in the form of a grid fixed to the outer surface of the hollow body, located near its end with the hole.

In addition, the element that ensures the destruction of regular currents of the liquid film is placed from the end of the hollow body located near the swirler at a distance of 0.25-0.75 from the length of the hollow body.

The implementation of a hollow central body with an element that ensures the destruction of regular currents of the liquid film allows the settled aerosols moving along the hollow central body in the form of a film in the direction of gas movement to collect into large droplets, which, under the action of dynamic pressure forces of a translationally directed rotating flow, overcome the adhesion forces and breaking away from the coalescing surface, the shells are deposited on the inner surface and removed from the shell along with an aerosol deposited on its inner olosti.

The perforation of the surface of the hollow central body located near the sealed end allows the capture of a liquid film that accumulates on the outer surface of the hollow central body as a result of the Brownian motion of centripetal and inertial forces.

The passage section of the perforation of the surface of the hollow central body equal to or greater than the passage section of the hole of the hollow central body, made at its end, allows you to catch all the liquid rising in the form of a film up the hollow body.

The implementation of the element, which ensures the destruction of the regular currents of the liquid film, in the form of a grid fixed on the outer surface of the hollow central body, allows, while maintaining the main effect — achieving high separation efficiency of the gas-liquid mixture by reducing the entrainment of gas and liquid — to simplify the manufacture of the element itself compared to others types of destructive surfaces.

The placement of the element that ensures the destruction of the regular currents of the liquid film from the end face of the hollow central body located near the swirler at a distance of 0.25-0.75 from the length of the hollow central body, as was experimentally established, covers the entire working range of the surface on which it is most efficient the process of coalescence proceeds.

The centrifugal separation element is shown in the drawing. The centrifugal separation element consists of a shell 1, a swirler 2, located on one end of the shell 1, a droplet 3, located on the opposite end of the shell 1, and a hollow body 4 located coaxially with the shell 1. The hollow body 4 is made with an element 5 that ensures the destruction of regular fluid film currents. Element 5 is made in the form of a mesh with a mesh size of 1 ÷ 2 mm, mounted on the outer surface of the hollow body 4 from the side of its end located near the swirl 2. The element 5, which ensures the destruction of regular currents of the liquid film, is placed from the end of the hollow body 4, located near swirl 2, at a distance of 0.25-0.75 from the length of the hollow body 4. At the end of the hollow body 4, located near the swirl 2, a hole 6 is made. The opposite end 7 of the hollow body 4 is sealed and provided with gas inlets 8 connecting the inner the fourth cavity of the hollow body 4 with external space. The surface of the hollow body 4, located near the sealed end 7, has perforations 9. The through section of the perforation 9 of the surface of the hollow body 4 is equal to or greater than the through section of the hole 6 of the hollow body 4.

Centrifugal separation element operates as follows. The gas-liquid flow enters into the swirl 2, where under the action of centrifugal forces arising due to the inclined arrangement of the blades, it is twisted and divided into a central gas with a zone of low pressure and a peripheral gas-liquid with a zone of high pressure. Due to the placement of the hollow body 4 coaxially to the shell 1, the central gas flow is combined with the peripheral gas-liquid, which eliminates the secondary ablation caused by reverse currents. The liquid under the action of centrifugal forces is deposited on the inner surface of the shell 1 and through the dropper 3 with a part of the gas is removed from the stream. The main gas stream, separated from the liquid, exits through the space between the hollow body 4 and the drier 3. A part of the gas released through the dropper 3 together with the liquid is sucked in through the nozzles 8 into the internal cavity of the hollow body 4 and is fed through the hole 6 to the low pressure centrifugal zone fields.

Next, the main part of the liquid is thrown onto the inner surface of the shell 1 and discharged through the drip 3. The finely dispersed part of the liquid is deposited on the outer surface of the hollow body 4 and is directed upward by the friction of the rotating gas stream in the form of a film, which also contains drops of secondary entrainment (spraying, turbulent pulsations etc.). The fluid enters the cells formed by the structure of the element 5, made in the form of a grid, and the surface of the hollow body 4, where it accumulates to the sizes at which under the action of the dynamic pressure of the translationally directed rotating flow overcome the adhesion forces and, having torn off from the coalescing surface, are deposited on the inner shell surfaces 1. The liquid remaining in the form of a film, deposited on the outer surface of the hollow central body 4, through the perforated part 9 enters the inner cavity of the hollow 4 la, where through the hole 6 enters the inner cavity of the sleeve 1.

Claims (4)

1. A centrifugal separation element containing a casing, a swirler, a dropper and a hollow body placed coaxially with the casing, one end of which is located near the swirl and made with a hole, and the opposite end is airtight and equipped with gas supply pipes, characterized in that the hollow body is equipped with an element, ensuring the destruction of regular currents of the liquid film and made in the form of a grid mounted on the outer surface of the hollow body near the end with the hole. 2. The centrifugal separation element according to claim 1, characterized in that the surface of the hollow body has a perforation made near the airtight end. 3. The centrifugal separation element according to claim 2, characterized in that the passage section of the perforation of the surface of the hollow body is equal to or greater than the passage section of the hole of the hollow body made at its end. 4. The centrifugal separation element according to claim 1, characterized in that the element that ensures the destruction of regular currents of the liquid film is placed from the end of the hollow body located near the swirler at a distance of 0.25 ÷ 0.75 from the length of the hollow body.

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