RU2400894C1 - Lightning guard device for overhead power transmission line (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: lightning guard device of overhead power transmission line, comprising support with insulating cross-beam, to which wire is fixed, and lightning protection element, at the same time insulating cross beam is made of single supporting insulator, which perceives stretching loads, and single support insulator, which perceives compressing loads, and wire is fixed to the point of their connection, besides with its other end supporting insulator is fixed to support over point where another end of supporting insulator is fixed to this support, and lightning protection element is arranged in the form of overvoltage limiter and is fixed to support below support insulator along the latter to form spark gap relative to wire. In the second version of lightning guard device overvoltage limiter is connected to wire by train through disconnector, which disconnects the train in case overvoltage limiter fails.

EFFECT: simplification of design and improved lighting protection of overhead transmission line.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction of supporting structures of high voltage power lines. In particular, the invention relates to the construction of lightning protection of overhead power lines (VL) with insulating traverses without lightning protection cables.

A known design of an insulating supporting three-phase suspension of overhead lines described in US No. 3316342, H01B 17/00, H01B 17/08, H02G 7/20, H01B 17/00, H01B 17/02, H02G 7/20, publ. 04/25/1967. The well-known three-phase suspension contains one steel traverse, to which, on a suspension insulating suspension in horizontally spaced, suspended wires of power lines, while fixing the wires in the horizontal plane is carried out by a support insulator located obliquely to the horizontal direction.

This decision was made as a prototype for the declared objects.

Such suspensions are effective in compacting the power transmission channel, for example, in the following cases:

- in compact overhead lines (overhead lines);

- in overhead lines with self-supporting insulated wires;

- in conditions when, for various reasons, the overhead line is carried out with small spans, and in connection with this there is a need to reduce the interfacial distances, for example, in urban conditions;

- in conditions when, for various reasons, it is necessary to lower the height of the supports, for example, to increase the lightning resistance of the overhead line or to reduce the width of the protection zone of the overhead line.

The disadvantage of this solution is the design complexity in terms of both supporting elements and the installation of insulating elements, as well as low lightning protection of overhead lines due to the lack of special lightning protection devices (for example, lightning protection cable) and increased horizontal dimensions, in which lightning can break through to any from three phases of overhead lines.

In most cases, overhead lines are protected from lightning outages by the suspension of a lightning protection cable. However, in some cases, a lightning protection cable does not perform its functions, and sometimes leads to the emergence of additional emergency situations (for example, when a lightning cable breaks).

To increase the efficiency of lightning protection of overhead lines, it is necessary to provide grounding resistance of supports at the level of standard values defined in the Electrical Installation Rules (PUE-7). In the case when the overhead line runs in areas with high resistivity, it is practically impossible to practically fulfill this PUE requirement. In such conditions, the presence of a lightning protection cable does not lead to an increase, but to a decrease in the lightning resistance of the overhead line, since at high values of the grounding resistance of the poles, each lightning strike into the lightning protection cable leads to the reverse overlap from the body of the support to the wires of the overhead line. In this case, the presence of a lightning cable only increases the number of lightning shutdowns of the overhead line.

In areas with high atmospheric corrosiveness, lightning protection cables corrode much faster than wires, because they are made of steel. When corrosion reaches critical values, ground wire breakage occurs. In the event of a fall, the ground wire often "lies" on the wires, leading to short circuits and emergency shutdown of the overhead line.

Removing the ground wire leads to the fact that lightning strikes the upper wires of the overhead line and each such defeat leads to the overlap of the air gap between the wire and the support body and, as a result, to the emergency shutdown of the overhead line. However, it should be noted that the number of lightning strikes in overhead lines without lightning protection cables is reduced, since the wires are suspended below the cables.

The present invention is aimed at achieving a technical result, which consists in simplifying the design and increasing the lightning protection of overhead lines.

The specified technical result for the first embodiment is achieved by the fact that in the lightning protection device of an overhead power line containing a support with an insulating traverse to which a wire is attached, and a lightning protection element, characterized in that the insulating traverse is made of one supporting insulator that accepts tensile loads, and one support insulator that accepts compressive loads, to the connection point of which a wire is attached to each other, while at the other end the supporting insulator is attached eplen to the support above the point of attachment to the other end support of the support insulator, and lightning protection element is a surge arrester, and is fixed to the support below the latter along the support insulator to form a spark gap with respect to the wire.

The specified technical result for the second embodiment is achieved by the fact that in the lightning protection device of an overhead power line containing a support with an insulating traverse to which a wire is attached, and a lightning protection element, characterized in that the insulating traverse is made of one supporting insulator that accepts tensile loads, and one support insulator that accepts compressive loads, to the connection point of which a wire is attached to each other, while at the other end the supporting insulator is attached It is insulated to a support above the point of attachment of the other end of the support insulator to this rack, the lightning protection element is made in the form of a surge protector and is attached to the support below the support insulator along the latter, while the surge protector is connected to the wire by a cable through a disconnector that disconnects the cable when the surge protector fails .

These features are significant and interconnected with the formation of a stable set of essential features sufficient to obtain the desired technical result.

The invention is illustrated by specific examples, which, however, are not the only possible, but clearly demonstrate the ability to achieve the above set of features of the required technical result:

figure 1 - the first embodiment of lightning protection;

figure 2 is a second embodiment of lightning protection.

One of the ways to increase the lightning resistance of overhead lines without lightning ropes is to use suspended protective devices - non-linear surge arresters (ARFs), which are suspended on steel supports parallel to a linear insulator on supports with suspended insulation. In this case, the arrester, as a rule, does not have electrical contact with the wire, but is separated from it by a spark gap, which is blocked when lightning surges occur and connects the arrester to the wire only when dangerous lightning surges occur. In the case when isolating traverses are used on overhead lines, such a solution cannot be implemented, because the insulating suspension of the upper wire is attached directly to the upper part of the support strut, and the support structure does not provide any metal (grounded) traverse to which the arrester suspension is possible.

OPN - surge protection devices of the modern generation, which replaced the valve arresters. Non-linear surge arresters of type OPN are designed to protect electrical equipment of distribution electric AC networks with isolated or compensated neutral from lightning and switching surges in accordance with their current-voltage characteristics and throughput. Arresters are categorized as products well developed by industry. These devices are manufactured by a number of Russian enterprises, such as CJSC Phoenix-88 (information on arresters is available on the company's official website on-line at: http://www.fenix88.nsk.su/prod_opn.php ), Group of companies “Promgruppa Planeta” (information on arresters is presented on the official website of this company on the Internet at the address: http://pplaneta.ru/opn.html), as “AVK-Energy” (information on The arrester is presented on the official website of this company on the Internet at the address: http://www.avk.su/avkcatalog/opn/), as CJSC High-Voltage Electrics protection devices ”(“ VEZA ”) and LLC“ Electrozashchita ”(information on arresters is presented on the official website of this company on the Internet at the address: http://www.elz.ru/opn.htm).

In the framework of the present invention, it is proposed to perform lightning protection of overhead lines without lightning protection cables using an arrester. It is proposed to change the spatial position of the arrester. For this purpose, lightning protection of an overhead power transmission line (OHL) with insulating traverses, each of which is made of one supporting insulator 1, perceiving tensile loads, and one supporting insulator 2, perceiving compressive loads, to the connection point of which a wire 3 is connected to each other, is proposed. which is attached at the other end to the VL 4 support, install the arrester 5 on the support 4 below the support insulator 2 of the insulating crosshead and separate the arrester 5 from the wire 3 by the spark gap (Fig. 1). Thus, the supporting insulator 1 and the supporting insulator 2, by attaching them to the support 4 at different heights (the supporting insulator is attached to the support above the other end of the supporting insulator attached to this support), form a power triangle in the vertical plane, forming an insulating beam. In this case, the arrester, which is a structure close to the tubular shape, is placed at a distance from the support insulator (along the support insulator) and approximately parallel to it (the longitudinal axis of the arrester structure is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the support insulator, which also has a close to tubular shape). A lightning protection device (SPD) is attached to the support below the support insulator along the latter with the formation of a spark gap with respect to the wire.

An embodiment is possible according to which, for the structure of FIG. 2, the arrester 5 is mounted on a support column below the support insulator 2 of the insulating crosshead, while the arrester 5 is connected to the wire by a cable 6, which is shot off by the separator 7 (disconnector) in case of failure of the arrester (Fig. .2). In this case, the separator (disconnector can be installed on either side of the cable 6.

The new placement of the arrester on the pole of the support relative to the elements of the insulating beam allows you to provide a high level of protection against overvoltage and lightning protection of overhead lines in the absence of the need to change the design of the support itself.

The use of arrester can provide a significant economic effect due to a sharp decrease in the number of emergency outages in the thunder season.

The present invention is industrially applicable, as it is based on a rational arrangement of the support elements, which provides increased operational characteristics of the support in terms of protection against lightning outages.

Claims (2)

1. Lightning protection device of an overhead power transmission line, containing a support with an insulating traverse, to which a wire is attached, and a lightning protection element, characterized in that the insulating traverse is made of one supporting insulator that accepts tensile loads, and one supporting insulator that accepts compressive loads, to a point the connection of which a wire is attached to each other, while the other end of the supporting insulator is attached to the support above the point of attachment of the other end of the support insulator to this support, and The lightning protection element is made in the form of a surge suppressor and is attached to the support below the support insulator along the latter with the formation of a spark gap with respect to the wire. 2. Lightning protection device of an overhead power transmission line, containing a support with an insulating traverse to which a wire is attached, and a lightning protection element, characterized in that the insulating traverse is made of one supporting insulator that accepts tensile loads, and one supporting insulator that accepts compressive loads, to a point the connection of which a wire is attached to each other, while the other end of the supporting insulator is attached to the support above the point of attachment to this rack of the other end of the support insulator, and the lightning protection element is made in the form of a surge suppressor and is attached to the support below the support insulator along the latter, while the surge suppressor is connected to the wire by a loop through a disconnector, disconnecting the loop when the surge suppressor fails.

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