RU2400432C1 - Deaeration plant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to power industry and can be used for thermal deaeration of feed water of steam boilers and make-up water of heat networks. Plant includes storage tank of deaerated water with vented steam branch pipe, deaeration device in the form of centrifugal-vortex deaerator with vented steam pipeline and dropping deaerator, deaerated water supply pipeline, deaerated water discharge pipeline, surface cooler of vented steam with cooling water supply and discharge branch pipes, with vented steam discharge pipeline and condensate discharge pipeline. Vented steam branch pipe from storage tank to vented steam cooler is deaerator of vented steam condensate, which is made in the form of vertical shell with overflow flanges overlapping some part of shell section. Lower part of shell is lowered to storage tank and has flat bottom made in the form of disc or cone bottom in the form of funnel. In lower part of shell there are openings through which vented steam flows, and below openings there located are condensate outlet hole, or lower part of cone bottom is changed to the pipe removing condensate from the plant.

EFFECT: development of deaeration plant at which vented steam condensate is not lost, but deaerated and used as demineralised water for feeding of steam boilers or in other processes.

4 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of energy and can be used for thermal deaeration of feed water of steam boilers, makeup water of heating networks, as well as for the production of condensate (demineralized water) for steam boilers from the vapor of network deaerators.

The most widespread in the Russian energy sector for deaeration of make-up water of the heating network are atmospheric deaerators of the jet and jet-bubbled type DA and DSA and vacuum deaerators of the DV and DSV type. (I.I. Oliker “Thermal deaeration of water in heating and production boilers and heating networks. Pages 23, fig. 8, pages 54, 55, fig. 27, 28. Publishing house of building literature. Leningrad. 1972).

Deaeration units of jet-bubble type have many disadvantages leading to their unsatisfactory operation:

1. They require a large specific evaporation than stipulated by the Norms and SNIPs. With normative evaporation (1.5-2.0 kg per ton of deaerated water for atmospheric deaerators and 5 kg / so on for vacuum), the quality of deaeration drops sharply. Often evaporation pipelines are designed with insufficient diameter (especially in vacuum installations), which does not pass the required amount of vapor.

2. They require the obligatory supply of steam to the bubbler to the deaerator. They cannot work on the “initial effect” (without supplying a deaerating medium). At the same time, the condensate formed during condensation of the heating steam goes into the heating system and disappears for use in steam boilers and it has to be compensated for with expensive demineralized water.

3. Have a shallow depth of performance regulation.

4. Have a large metal consumption.

5. During start-up, severe water hammer is observed.

Most of these deficiencies were eliminated in two-stage deaeration plants using centrifugal vortex deaerators - DCV (ed. St. USSR No. 1134842, RF Patent No. 2131555) as the first stage and KD drip deaerators - as the second stage, which are dispersing devices in in the form of perforated pipes with swirl heads located in the upper part of the deaerated water accumulator tank (see RF Patent No. 1454781 “Deaeration installation”, where a deaerator is used as the first stage, they are protected RF patent No.2131555, or RF Patent No.2151341 “Deaerator”, in which the centrifugal-vortex deaerator and drip deaerator are combined in one unit. “Deaeration unit” RF patent No. 2242672. Articles in the journals “Industrial energy” No. 11 for 1999 , pp. 11-14, “Heat Supply News” No. 1 for 2001, p. 28, “Energetik” magazine No. 4 for 2000, pp. 28-29, “Heat Supply News” No. 1 for 2006).

These deaerators can work on the “initial effect” (without supplying a deaerating medium to the deaerator) both in atmospheric and in vacuum conditions, if the deaerated water is overheated above the boiling point, and also work without preheating the water before the deaeration unit (if in the DHW give steam that heats the water without any water hammer from any temperature).

A deaeration plant protected by RF patent No. 1454781 was selected as a prototype. This installation is widely used when working in atmospheric and vacuum modes. When operating in atmospheric conditions, a surface vapor cooler is usually used to condense the water vapor of the vapor.

The prototype has a centrifugal-vortex deaerator (DCV) with supply pipes of deaerated (initial) water preheated in a surface heat exchanger, the accumulator tank of deaerated water, in the upper (steam) part of which a dispersing device (drip) is located as the second stage, as the first stage KD deaerator), surface-type (ОВ) vapor cooler, vapor removal pipes (steam-gas mixture) from the tank and from the DHW to ОВ, pipelines for supplying ОВ and for extracting cooling water from ОВ, pipeline twater deaerated water from the storage tank, the non-condensable gas exhaust line from OB to the atmosphere or to the ejector (during the vacuum deaeration), condensate drain line (the drains).

The disadvantage of this deaeration plant is that the condensate generated from the condensation of vapor vapor saturated with aggressive gases is drained into the sewer. Condensation, which is demineralized, disappears.

The aim of the present invention is to eliminate these drawbacks and to create such a deaeration unit with a surface vapor cooler that would not only deaerate the feed water of steam boilers, but also deaerate the vapor condensate, draining the deaerated vapor condensate into the deaerator battery tank, and also ensure the preservation of the condensate of the network vapor deaerators (for further use in the steam boiler cycle), so that in the deaerators boiler condensate vapor flow into the deaeration unit, not udshaya quality of de-aerated water, and in the network deaerator condensate vapor de-aerated, and is discharged from the deaeration units for use in a cycle of steam boilers as desalinated water. So that, if necessary, it was possible to increase the evaporation of network deaerators and use the condensate of the vapor as demineralized water to power the boilers. To make network deaerators with dual purpose installations (deaeration of make-up water of network deaerators and generation of demineralized water - condensate).

This goal is achieved by the fact that in a known deaeration plant containing a supply pipe of deaerated (source) water, a storage tank of deaerated water, a two-stage deaeration device, the first stage of which is centrifugal-vortex, deaerator-DCV, the second stage is a drip deaerator-KD ( dispersing device), a discharge pipe for deaerated water from the storage tank, a surface evaporator cooler (OB) with inlet and outlet cooling water pipes and with discharge pipes ara from the storage tank and from the centrifugal-vortex deaerator, with a branch pipe for extracting vapor from the OM connected to the atmosphere or with a suction nozzle of the ejector or vacuum pump, the inlet pipe for the vapor from the battery tank to the OB is a vapor condensate deaerator-DKV, made in in the form of a vertical shell with shelves overlapping part of the cross section of the shell, the lower part of which is lowered into the storage tank and has a bottom in the form of a flat disk or cone, and there are windows in the wall of the lower part of the shell through which It enters through the shroud RH and lower windows are openings for discharging the condensate, or the lower part of the conical bottom passes into the tube, the outlet of the condensation unit.

The invention is illustrated by diagrams.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of an atmospheric deaeration plant for deaerating the feed water of steam boilers with a surface vapor cooler (condenser) and a vapor condensate deaerator (DKV), made in the form of a vertical shell with overflow shelves.

Figure 2 is a diagram of a vacuum-atmospheric deaeration plant for deaeration of heating water feed water with a surface vapor cooler and a vapor condensate deaerator (DKV), with a condensate drain pipe from the DKV for further use in a steam boiler system.

Figure 3 - node connecting the battery tank of the deaerator to the OB through the DKV (vertical shell with overflow shelves, which acts as a deaerator of condensate vapor, without the removal of condensate vapor from the deaeration plant).

Figure 4 - the connection node of the battery tank of the deaerator with the OB through the DKV (vertical shell with overflow shelves, which acts as a deaerator condensate vapor) with a pipe to drain the condensate vapor from the deaeration plant.

The deaeration unit (Fig. 1) has a deaerated water storage tank 1, a centrifugal-vortex deaerator 2 (DCV), a droplet deaerator 3 - KD (dispersing device), a surface cooler for vapor 4 - ОВ (condenser), a vertical shell 5 with overflow shelves performing the role of a vapor condensate deaerator (DHW), a heating steam pipe 6 with a steam flow regulator 7, a steam discharge pipe 8 from the DHW to the exhaust gas connected directly to or through the DHW, a vapor removal pipe (non-condensable gases) from the exhaust gas, pipe 10 Exodus oh (deaeriruemoy) of water, a heat exchanger 11 - cooler of deaerated water, the valve 12 - deaeriruemoy water flow controller (level in the tank 1), a conduit 13 connecting the UHF from a CD, line 14 - discharge of deaerated water from tank 1.

The deaeration unit (Fig. 2) has an additional second stage heater 15 for heating water to a temperature above the boiling point in tank 1 and in the DHW 2, a pipe 16 for removing the deaerated vapor condensate, a pipe 9a for removing non-condensable vapor from the exhaust gas to the ejector, and a 25 volt droplet eliminator in the form of blinds (to improve the quality of the condensate of the vapor).

The nodes (Figs. 3, 4) have a surface-type vapor cooler 4, a vapor condensate deaerator (DHW), consisting of a shell 17 with windows 23 in the lower part, shelves 18, a flat bottom 19 (or a conical bottom 19a made in the form of a funnel) , openings 20 for draining the condensate into the tank 1 (or pipes 16 for removing condensate from the vapor from the deaeration unit connected to the lower part of the conical bottom). The upper part of the shell 17 has a neck 21 connecting the DHW to the OM, through which the vapor flows from the DHQ to the OM, and the condensate of the vapor can be drained in countercurrent through it. The pipe 24 serves to drain the condensate from the exhaust gas to the upper shelf 18 (it can not be installed if there are no partitions in the exhaust gas and with a sufficient diameter of the neck 21), the pipe 22 to drain non-condensable gases from the exhaust gas into the atmosphere or into the ejector. The blinds 25 block the vapor space of the tank 1 and serve to separate the vapor from the water droplets before the vapor enters the DHW and the extract water (to improve the quality of the vapor condensate).

The operation of the boiler deaeration plant (figure 1) in atmospheric mode is as follows. Source (deaerated) water is supplied through pipeline 10 through a deaerated water cooler 11, through a level regulator 12, through a vapor cooler 4 (condenser) and enters the DHW 2. If the water is not heated to the boiling point, steam is supplied to the DHW, which heats the source water (without hydroshocks from any temperature) to a temperature above the boiling point at a steady pressure in tank 1 and in the DHW. Then superheated feed water enters the drip deaerator 3 (KD), where it acquires a rotational movement and, leaving the openings of the KD, is sprayed into small drops, cooled by 2-6 ° C, gives vapor and flows into tank 1. The water temperature drops to 102 -104 degrees C, the pressure in the tank 1 sets 0.1-0.2 kgf / cm ² . Evaporate from CVP enters DKV 5, through windows 23 and then into OV 4, where water vapor condenses and flows back to DKV through neck 21 and / or through pipe 24. The condensate of the vapor saturated with oxygen and carbon dioxide is poured from shelf to shelf 1, is in contact with the vapor and deaerated. The deaerated condensate is discharged from the DHQ into the tank 1 through the openings 20, sprayed onto droplets and subjected to additional deaeration in the vapor space of the tank 1 (in Figs. 3 and 4, the condensate is discharged from the deaeration unit through a pipe 16). The deaeration plant can also work in a vacuum mode, if the evaporation pipe 9a is connected to the ejector.

The operation of the network deaeration plant (figure 2) in atmospheric mode is as follows. The source (deaerated) water enters through the DHW line 10 through a vapor cooler 4, through a heat exchanger 11, through a heater 15 and a level regulator 12. In the heater 15, the water is heated above the boiling point to 106-108 ° C (during operation to obtain additional condensate evaporation - up to 110-130 ° C). Passing two stages of deaeration, the water boils, forming a vapor, and is freed from aggressive gases. The resulting condensate vapor is drained from the deaeration unit through pipe 16 from DHW 5. The deaeration unit becomes a dual-use apparatus (deaeration of network water and the formation of demineralized water to power steam boilers). The vapor passing through the blinds 25 is freed from water droplets, which improves the quality of the condensate.

The operation of this installation in a vacuum mode differs only in that the evaporator pipe 9 is closed and the evaporator pipe 9a is connected to an ejector that creates a vacuum in the installation. In this case, the condensate condensate drain tank should be below the tank 1 by the amount of vacuum, expressed in meters of water column.

The execution of the pipe connecting the storage tank with a vapor cooler (with a condenser), in the form of a condensate deaerator DKV evaporator (in the form of a shell 17 with windows 23 in the lower part, with shelves 18, with a flat bottom in the form of a dis 19 (or with a conical bottom 19a in the form of a funnel), with holes 20 for draining the condensate into tank 1 (or with a condensate drain pipe 16 from the deaeration unit attached to the bottom of the conical bottom), allows you to deaerate the condensate of the vapor saturated with aggressive gases before draining it into the battery tank 1 or before the challenge condensate vapor from the unit for another application and to avoid condensate loss.This allows you to increase the vapor by increasing the temperature of the water before the deaeration unit, thereby obtaining an increased amount of deaerated water and condensate (demineralized water) .Allows you to use a network deaerator to generate demineralized water (in as a dual-use apparatus.) With increased evaporation, the residual oxygen content in deaerated water tends to zero - many times lower than the established norm. Not a single calorie of consumed heat is lost.

Claims (4)

1. A deaeration unit containing a storage tank of deaerated water with a vapor outlet, a deaeration device in the form of a centrifugal-vortex deaerator with a vapor pipe and a drip deaerator, a supply pipe for a deaerated water, a discharge pipe for a deaerated water, a surface evaporator cooler with supply pipes and a discharge , with a discharge pipe of the vapor and a discharge pipe of condensate, characterized in that the discharge of vapor from the storage tank to the vapor cooler is a vapor condensate deaerator made in the form of a vertical shell with overflow shelves overlapping part of the shell section, the lower part of which is lowered into the storage tank, and has a flat bottom in the form of a disk or a conical bottom in the form of a funnel, windows are located in the lower part of the shell, which is supplied with vapor, and below the windows there are openings for condensate discharge, or the lower part of the conical bottom passes into a pipe that takes condensate out of the installation. 2. The deaeration plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the pipe that removes condensate from the vapor cooler is the neck of the shell of the vapor condensate deaerator, connecting the vapor cooler with the vapor condensate deaerator, and / or there is a separate pipe that drains the condensate from the vapor cooler to the top evaporator condensate deaerator shelf. 3. The deaeration plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the vapor removal pipe from the centrifugal-vortex deaerator is connected to the vapor cooler directly or through a vapor condensate deaerator. 4. The deaeration plant according to claim 1, characterized in that in the upper part of the storage tank there is a partition in the form of blinds.

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