RU2400176C2 - Advanced dental implant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to implantology and can be used for tooth replacement. A dental implant for tooth replacement consists of a tapered head and a threaded central skewfield ended with a tip in the bottom; in the bottom of the head, said tip has a microthreaded segments used to prevent the rotation and to ensure higher stability and more extended contact surface, characterised by the fact that the head has a taper with its smaller diametre less or equal to the internal diametre of the central skewfield thread.

EFFECT: extended range of the intended facilities.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a dental implant for replacing missing teeth.

More specifically, an object of the present invention is an intra-maxillary dental implant, made in the form of a single part, the design of which on the one hand allows to simplify its installation in the bone region, and on the other hand contributes to greater stability and greater fixing force or, in other words, lesser movements of the implant relative to bone tissue.

State of the art

Dental implantology technologies are currently widespread and are often used and accepted by professionals and patients (see, for example, ES 20073349, GB 2252501). These technologies allow the replacement of tooth roots by means of implants, to which the corresponding prostheses are then attached.

In both cases, the implants used must meet the basic requirements of stability at each of the following stages of implantation:

1) the initial stage of implantation;

2) the stage, immediately after insertion into the bone tissue, at which the indicated stability prevents the implant from turning;

3) the stage of installation of the prosthesis and the start of the implant.

To meet these requirements, the design features of these implants, in turn, will depend on the specific implantation system, which can mainly be installed using a threaded connection or an interference fit, the most common are threaded type systems.

However, the currently used implants have a number of disadvantages and also do not fully satisfy the mentioned stability requirement. In particular, these implants have such structural and operational disadvantages as the appearance of rotation of the implant relative to the prosthesis, the presence of stresses and deformations in the joint, the incomplete transfer of mechanical energy during chewing function due to the too small size of the implant heads, the occurrence of structural deviations between the crown and root, inaccurate adjustments that reduce the torque needed to loosen the joint; a single one that prevents turning with edinitelnaya design for the implant, and a prosthesis support, which contributes to stress concentrations in the same plane, etc.

The technical result of the present invention is to eliminate the above disadvantages and expand the arsenal of technical means of the specified purpose.

Disclosure of invention

The invention described below eliminates the above disadvantages, while providing high functionality.

The implant of the present invention is made in the form of a single body formed by a conical head, passing in the lower part into a threaded cylindrical central body, which in the lower part ends with a tip, which also has a conical shape.

The upper region of this conical head has the shape of a hexagon, the diameter of which between the faces and edges is conical bevels and which goes into an angled step, also having a conical bevel, and then goes into the section of the maximum diameter of the implant head or the upper base, made in the form of a truncated cone, to simplify the fastening and support of the prosthesis elements connected to the implant.

Inside the said head there is a cavity located in its center coaxially with the longitudinal axis of the implant, this cavity passes in the lower part into a truncated cone with a large upper base and a lower lower base, passing in the lower part into a hexagonal section, which continues with a threaded cavity, which is also located coaxially with the longitudinal axis of the implant, to hold the base of the prosthesis.

In addition, the alveolar socket for installing the implant has a diameter equal to the inner diameter of the external thread of the specified implant or, in other words, the diameter of the core, so that when it is inserted, the thread of the cylindrical section cuts into the socket, providing fastening.

For this reason, to prevent deformation or damage in the central region or hole of the socket when applying additional tightening torque after screwing the implant, the shape of the implant head has a taper made in such a way that its smaller diameter, which interacts with the hole, is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the thread of the central body .

In addition, to further ensure the stability and fixation of the implant and prevent its rotation after screwing, this implant is equipped with sections of micro-threads located in the lower part of the conical head, where the threaded central body begins. These sections of micro-threads contribute to fixation due to the overlap of the gap and the sealing action at the level of the cerebral bone, and the level of the upper plane of these sections of micro-threads moves with a decrease in the size of the bone tissue during operation of the implant and the prosthesis installed on it.

In addition to providing a greater contact surface and better stability, as described above, micro-thread sections additionally provide a stable attachment in the cerebral part of the bone, in which the bone is denser, and the thread with a large step made on the central body works on the lower part of the bone, which has a larger porosity.

And finally, on the lower edge of the central body of the implant and on its final part, a series of recesses are made to facilitate the insertion of the implant into the alviolar socket.

Due to the above-mentioned features, the implant is correctly inserted into the bone tissue, the stress distribution during chewing is correct, the working condition is better maintained and the installation is better in the alviolar base, as a result of which bone loss around the implant and its regeneration are minimized, which reduces the risk of an atrophic process, and provides an acceptable restoration of chewing, phonetic and metabolic functions.

Brief Description of the Drawings

As a supplement to the above description, as well as to facilitate understanding of the features of the invention in accordance with the preferred embodiment of its practical implementation, a set of drawings is attached as part of the description, on which the following non-limiting illustrations are given:

figure 1 is a front view and a corresponding plan view of an implant in accordance with the invention;

figure 2 is a partial section of a front view shown in the previous figure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Preferred Embodiment

The figures show an embodiment of the implant (1) of the present invention, mainly consisting of a conical head (2) and a threaded central cylindrical body (3), ending in the lower part with a conical tip (4).

As shown in the figure, the upper section of the conical head (2) has the shape of a hexagon, the diameter of which is such that it forms a step (5) with a conical chamfer (6) that facilitates external fixation and support for prosthetic elements connected to the implant (1 )

Inside the head (2) there is a cavity (7) made in the form of a truncated cone, the center of which is located on the longitudinal axis of the implant (1), this cavity passes in the lower part to the hexagonal section (8), which then passes in the lower part to another cylindrical section (9) a smaller diameter, which in turn passes into the threaded cavity (10) at the bottom, which is also coaxial with the longitudinal axis of the implant (1), which simplifies the internal fastening and support of the prosthetic elements.

The central body (3) of the implant (1), in turn, is made in the form of a thread (11), in the lower part of which there are recesses or grooves (12) made at an angle of 120 ° to facilitate screwing into an artificial alviolar socket, the central body (not shown) 3) ends with a tip (4), which ends with a flat base (13).

As already mentioned, to prevent the occurrence of deformations during the application of an additional tightening moment, the head (2) of the implant (1) has a taper made in such a way that its smaller diameter is less than or equal to the internal diameter of the thread (11) of the central body (3).

The implant (1) is equipped with micro-threaded sections (14) located in the lower part of the head (2) and starting in front of the thread (11) of the central body (3), designed to prevent turning and increase stability, as explained above.

In addition, in order to further increase friction and, consequently, resistance to rotation, the implant (1) of the present invention can be treated with an acid solution in the region of the central body (3), in the region of micro-thread sections (14), or

Claims (7)

1. A dental implant for tooth replacement, consisting of a conical head (2) and a threaded central body (3), ending in the lower part with a tip (4), which in the lower part of the head (2) has micro-threaded sections (14) designed to prevent turning and increasing stability and increasing the contact surface, characterized in that the head (2) has a taper whose smaller diameter is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the thread (11) of the central body (3). 2. A dental implant according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper portion of the conical head (2) has the shape of a hexagon forming a step (5) with a conical edge (6), which facilitates the fastening and support of prosthetic elements connected to the implant (1). 3. A dental implant according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the head (2) has a cavity (7) made in the form of a truncated cone, passing in the lower part to the hexagonal section (8), which in turn passes into the lower parts into another cylindrical section (9) of smaller diameter, which in turn passes into the threaded cavity (10) in the lower part. 4. A dental implant according to claim 3, characterized in that the central axis of the cavity (7), the hexagonal section (8), the cylindrical section (9) and the threaded cavity (7) coincide with the longitudinal axis of the implant (1). 5. A dental implant according to claim 1, characterized in that the central body (3) has recesses or grooves (12) in its lower portion to facilitate insertion into the alveolar nest. 6. A dental implant according to claim 5, characterized in that the recesses or grooves (12) are made at an angle of 120 ° relative to each other. 7. A dental implant according to claim 1, characterized in that the tip (4) ends with a flat base (13).

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