RU2399402C2 - System for measurement of figure skater rotary motion parametres - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: sports.

SUBSTANCE: system for measurement of figure skater rotary motion parametres comprises sensor of angular speed, sensor of skate contact with ice, unit of jump duration measurement, grouping sensor, unit of grouping duration measurement, unit of sound indication. System comprises unit of rotary motion parametres calculation and unit of rotary motion parametres indication, units of monaxonic gyroscopic sensor of angular speed, which is fixed on figure skater so that its axis of sensitivity is parallel to longitudinal axis of figure skater body, axes of sensitivity in unit of jump duration measurement and unit of grouping duration measurement are connected to unit of rotary motion parametres calculation, outlet of which is connected to unit of rotary motion parametres indication.

EFFECT: application of this invention will make it possible to use the system on-line and archive parametres of rotary motion.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of systems that measure the motion parameters of athletes. A number of systems of this kind are known.

So, for example, the known system according to US patent No. 6464622, 2002 for training boxer. This system contains a training ball on which contact sensors are installed. The device includes a block measuring the speed of impact.

The system of training and measuring the motion parameters of the skater is also known when performing complex coordination motor actions of the rotational nature of the authors A. Mishina and Shapiro V.A., DECISION ON ISSUE OF A PATENT FOR THE INVENTION by Application No. 2003102213.

The structure of this system includes an angular velocity sensor built on a linear accelerometer mounted on the skater so that its sensitivity axis is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the skater when he performs a multi-turn jump. The accelerometer measures centripetal acceleration, which, if the distance from the accelerometer installation point to the axis of rotation is known, can be converted in the skater's angular velocity calculation unit to the angular speed of rotation of the skater.

In fact, the angular velocity sensor, which is part of the system, consists of two blocks - an accelerometer and an angular velocity calculation unit.

The system also includes a grouping sensor, a unit for determining the duration of the grouping, a unit for determining the duration of the jump, and an audio indication unit.

This system is adopted as a prototype of the present invention.

The disadvantage of such a system containing an angular velocity sensor on a linear accelerometer and a unit for calculating angular velocity is the need to know the distance from the installation point of the accelerometer to the axis of rotation of the skater. This distance is different for different skaters. Therefore, this sensor is difficult to use in practice, because it is required to measure these distances with high accuracy and enter them into the unit for calculating rotation parameters each time when using the angular velocity sensor by various skaters.

In addition, in the prototype system, the beginning and end of measuring the angular velocity during a jump is not determined, which can also lead to errors. When analyzing the angular velocity of rotation, it is important to know its various phases of the jump - from the moment the ridge is torn off the ice until the moment of grouping, during the duration of the grouping and from the moment of ungrouping until the moment the ice touches the ice.

In the prototype, such a breakdown of the changed angular velocity into phases does not occur.

The disadvantage of the prototype system is the need to place all the equipment on the skater. This does not allow the use of the proposed system in real time. Also in the prototype there is no possibility of archiving the parameters of rotational motion.

The objective of the claimed invention is to create a system in which these disadvantages are eliminated.

The technical result, which consists in eliminating these shortcomings in the system for measuring the parameters of the rotational movement of the skater, containing an angular velocity sensor, a contact of the ice skate, a unit for determining the duration of a jump, a grouping sensor, a unit for determining the duration of a grouping, an audio indication unit, is achieved by the fact that the system a unit for calculating the parameters of the rotational motion and a unit for indicating the parameters of the rotational motion, while the outputs of the uniaxial gyroscopic angular velocity sensor, fixed on the skater so that its sensitivity axis is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the skater’s body, the jump duration measurement unit and the grouping duration measurement unit are connected to the rotational motion parameter calculation unit, the output of which is connected to the rotational motion parameter display unit. The ice-skate contact sensor is made in the form of a linear accelerometer, which is mounted on the skater so that its sensitivity axis is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the skater's body.

A radio transmitting and receiving device is introduced into it, while a uniaxial gyroscopic angular velocity sensor, a grouping sensor, and an ice ridge contact sensor are connected to the radio transmitting device, and a rotational motion parameter calculating unit, a grouping duration determining unit, and a jump duration determining unit are connected to the radio receiving device. A measurement archiving unit connected to the rotational motion parameter calculation unit and the rotational motion parameter indication unit is included in its composition. It has a control unit for the parameters of the rotational motion and a unit for inputting the required value of the parameter for the rotational motion connected to it, while the output of the unit for calculating the parameters of the rotational motion is connected to the input of the control unit for the parameters of the rotational motion, the output of which is connected to the sound indication unit.

Figure 1-6 shows a system for measuring the parameters of the rotational motion of the skater:

1 - skater,

2 - uniaxial gyroscopic sensor of angular velocity,

3 - sensitivity axis of a uniaxial gyroscopic angular velocity sensor,

4 - the longitudinal axis of the body of the skater,

5 - block calculation of the parameters of rotational motion,

6 - display unit,

7 - sensor contact ridge with ice,

8 - block determining the duration of the jump,

9 - grouping sensor,

10 - block sound indication,

11 is a block for determining the duration of the grouping,

12 is a linear accelerometer,

13 - axis sensitivity linear accelerometer,

14 - radio transmitting device,

15 is a radio receiver,

16 - block archiving parameters of the rotational motion,

17 - block control parameters of the rotational motion,

18 - input unit of the desired parameter value,

19 is a block for calculating the height of the jump.

Figure 1 shows a skater 1 on which a uniaxial gyroscopic angular velocity sensor 2 is fixed. This device is installed so that its sensitivity axis 3 when performing a multi-turn jump is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the skater 4. A uniaxial gyroscopic device 2 is connected to the unit for calculating the parameters of rotational motion 5 which is connected to the indicating unit 6.

The skater also has a skate contact sensor with ice 7, which is connected to the unit for determining the duration of the jump 8. The unit for determining the duration of the jump 8 is connected to the unit for calculating the parameters of the rotational motion 5.

The skater 1 has a grouping sensor 9 connected to the sound indication unit 10 and a unit for determining the duration of the grouping 11, which is connected to the calculation unit for rotation parameters 5.

Figure 2 shows a system for measuring the parameters of the rotational motion of the skater with a skate-ice contact sensor, made in the form of a linear accelerometer 12, which is mounted on the skater so that its sensitivity axis 13 is parallel to the longitudinal axis 4 of the skater’s body. The accelerometer 12 is connected to the unit for determining the duration of the jump 8.

Figure 3 shows the skater 1, on which a radio transmitting device 14 is mounted, connected to a uniaxial gyroscopic angular velocity sensor 2, a ridge ice contact sensor 7, and a grouping sensor 9.

The system also includes a radio receiver 15 connected to a unit for calculating the parameters of rotational motion 5, with a unit for determining the duration of the jump 8 and with a unit for determining the duration of the grouping 11.

Figure 4 shows a system for measuring the parameters of the rotational motion of the skater, in which the unit for archiving the parameters of the rotational motion 16. This block is connected to the unit for calculating the parameters of the rotational motion 5 and the display unit 6.

Figure 5 shows a system for measuring the parameters of the rotational motion of the skater, into which the control unit for the parameters of the rotational motion 17 and the input unit for the desired value of the parameter of the rotational motion 18 are introduced.

The control unit of the parameters of the rotational motion 17 is connected to the input unit of the required value of the parameter of the rotational motion 18 and to the unit for calculating the parameters of the rotational motion 5. The output of the block 17 is connected to the sound indication unit 10.

Figure 6 shows a system for measuring the parameters of the rotational movement of the skater, into which the unit for calculating the height 19 of the multi-turn jump is introduced. The input of the unit is connected to the output of the unit for calculating the parameters of the rotational motion 5, and the output is connected to the input of the display unit 6.

The system operates as follows.

When the skater 1 jumps around the longitudinal axis of the housing 4 (FIG. 1), the gyroscopic angular velocity sensor 2, the sensitivity axis of which is parallel to the longitudinal axis 4, measures the angular speed of rotation of the skater ω. The measured velocity values are transmitted to the block for calculating the parameters of the rotational motion 5.

At the beginning of the jump, the contact sensor of the ridge with ice 7 gives a signal that the skater is separated from the ice. This signal enters the block for determining the duration of the jump 8. When landing, the sensor 7 again gives a signal about the contact of the ice skate with ice, which also enters the block for determining the duration of the jump 8. In block 8, the duration of the jump is determined by two timestamps of the beginning and end of the jump - τpr. The initial and final time stamps and τpr value are transmitted to the block for calculating the parameters of the rotational motion 5.

When making a jump, the skater performs a grouping. Grouping sensor 9 generates a grouping start and end signal to the grouping duration determination unit 10, in which the grouping duration value is generated - τgr The initial and final grouping timestamps and the value of τgr are transmitted to the rotational motion parameter calculation unit 5.

Thus, in the block for calculating the parameters of the rotational motion 5 of the skater 1, the following information is received:

- the angular velocity of rotation ω of the skater around the longitudinal axis;

- timestamps of the beginning and end of the jump;

- the duration of the jump - τpr;

- timestamps of the beginning and end of grouping;

- grouping duration - τgr;

In the block for calculating the parameters of the rotational motion 5, according to this information, the parameters of the rotational motion are recorded and calculated in the following phases of the multi-turn jump:

1. The phase of the shock. The angular speed of rotation of the skater from zero to the moment of the push (separation) of the skater from the ice.

2. Flight phase. The angular speed of rotation of the skater from the moment of separation from the ice to the moment of touching the ice. Inside the flight phase, the grouping phase is determined - the angular speed of the skater's rotation from the moment the grouping begins to its end.

3. Landing phase. The angular rotation speed of the skater from the moment the ice touches to zero.

In block 5, the following parameters are determined:

- maximum angular velocity - ωmax;

- the angle of rotation of the skater in flight -α = ω × τpr;

- number of revolutions - N = α: 360 °;

- the duration of the flight phase - τpr;

- grouping duration - τgr;

- the duration of the shock phase - τtl;

- the duration of the landing phase - τ prize.

These parameters are transmitted to the display unit 6 for observation and analysis by the coach and the athlete.

Real-time knowledge of these parameters in real time allows the coach to more effectively adjust the technique of the skater's jump, and the skater can master multi-turn jumps much faster.

The determination of the moment the skate is torn off the ice and the moment the skate touches the ice after the jump with the help of the accelerometer 12 installed on the skater 1 (Fig. 2) is based on the fact that, in order to complete the jump, the skater must push off the ice in order to overcome the force of gravity. At the moment of the shock, an accelerometer signal will be proportional to the strength of the shock. This signal characterizes the moment the jump begins. At the moment of touching the ice skate after the end of the flight, there will also be a jump in the accelerometer signal due to the skater hitting the ice. This signal will characterize the moment of the end of the jump. Knowing the moments of the beginning and end of the jump allows you to calculate the duration of the jump τpr in the unit for determining the duration of the jump 8.

Using a linear accelerometer as a sensor of contact between the ridge and ice is convenient from an operational point of view, since the accelerometer can be placed on the skater in any convenient place, as a result of which long lines of communication along the skater's clothes are not required.

Figure 3 shows a system for measuring the parameters of the rotational motion of a skater, into which blocks for transmitting data from a uniaxial gyroscopic sensor 2 to a block for calculating the parameters of the rotational motion 5 via a wireless communication line are inserted.

The signal from the uniaxial gyroscopic angular velocity sensor 2 is fed to a radio transmitting device 14, in which it is converted into a radio signal and transmitted to a radio receiving device 15. From the radio receiving device 15, the signal about the angular velocity of rotation is sent to the rotational motion calculation unit 5.

The signal Ssp from the ice ridge contact sensor 7 and the Sgp signal from the grouping sensor 9 are also transmitted through the radio channel. These signals are transmitted to the radio transmitter 14, converted into a radio signal and transmitted as a radio signal to a radio receiver 15, where they are converted into an electrical signal and then transmitted respectively, in blocks for determining the duration of the jump 8 and the duration of the grouping 11. In blocks 8 and 11, respectively, timestamps of the beginning and end of the jump and the beginning and end of the grouping are generated, as well as lnost jump τpr τgr and duration categories, which are then fed to the calculation block rotational motion parameters 5, wherein the rotary motion parameters skater formed.

The introduction of a data transmission radio channel into the skater’s rotational motion measuring system allows reducing the weight and dimensions of the equipment worn by the skater and obtaining real-time information about the rotation parameters.

Figure 4 shows a system for measuring the parameters of the rotational motion of the skater with the archiving unit 16. The information that is generated in the calculation unit of the parameters of the rotational motion 5 enters the archiving unit 16, in which it is accumulated and stored. If necessary, this information can be extracted from the memory of the block and transmitted for visualization to the display unit 6.

The ability to archive data is important for analyzing the dynamics of changes in the skater's results in the development of multi-turn jumps.

Figure 5 shows a system for measuring the parameters of the rotational movement of the skater, in which the coach can enter tasks for the skater and the system will automatically determine the result and monitor their implementation.

The trainer enters the task into the system using the input unit for the required value of parameter 17. The desired value of any parameter that the system itself generates can be entered into the system, for example, the required value of the angular velocity. The actual angular velocity ωf from block 5, which the skater developed during the jump, and the required value of the speed ωtp, which the coach set and which the skater must reproduce, enter the control unit for the parameters of rotational motion 18. The mismatch of speeds is displayed on the display unit 6.

If the jump is ineffective, i.e. the skater has not developed the required speed, the error signal is output to the sound indication block. In this case, the skater in real time, without the help of a trainer, has information about the results of the jump and can independently take corrective actions when making the next jumps. The use of a sound indication unit for training a skater is described by the authors of this invention in application No. 2003102213.

Figure 6 shows a system for measuring the parameters of rotational motion with a unit for calculating the height of flight 19.

From the laws of physics it is known that if the body falls from a height near the ground and is known duration body flight, the height H, which decreases the body may be defined by the formula H = g × t ^2/2, where g - acceleration of gravity, equal to 980 cm / sec ² , at is the duration of the fall of the body.

Since the measuring system parameters produces a rotational movement jump skater τpr duration, the duration of the skater from falling height H when making the multi-hop is equal τpr / 2 and the height of jump is determined by the formula H = g × τpr ^2/8.

In block 19, the skater's jump height is calculated using the above formula. The calculated value of the height of the jump goes to the display unit 6.

The results of comparison of experimental measurements of the height of the jump with the calculated ones showed the accuracy of the calculation in the second decimal place.

The present invention allows:

- to measure with high accuracy the parameters of the skater's rotational motion when performing multi-turn jumps in its various phases - from the moment of separation to the moment of grouping, during the duration of grouping and from the moment of ungrouping until the moment the ice touches the ice;

- faster to teach the skater the technique of the correct execution of the jump due to the introduction of operational feedback on the result of the jump.

The proposed system can be implemented on modern elements of micromechanical gyroscopic technology, microprocessor technology, as well as wireless communications such as Bluetooth or WI-FI.

Claims (5)

1. The skater’s rotational motion measurement system, comprising an angular velocity sensor, an ice skate contact sensor, a jump duration determination unit, a grouping sensor, a grouping duration determination unit, an audio indication unit, characterized in that the system has a rotational movement parameter calculation unit and a unit indication of the parameters of rotational motion, while the outputs of the uniaxial gyroscopic angular velocity sensor, mounted on the skater so that its sensitivity axis is parallel and the longitudinal axis of the skater’s body, the jump duration measurement unit and the group duration measurement unit are connected to the rotational motion parameter calculating unit, the output of which is connected to the rotational motion parameter indicating unit. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the ice-skate contact sensor is made in the form of a linear accelerometer, which is mounted on the skater so that its sensitivity axis is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the skater’s body. 3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that a radio transmitting and receiving device is introduced into it, while a uniaxial gyroscopic angular velocity sensor, a grouping sensor and an ice ridge contact sensor are connected to the radio transmitting device, and a rotational motion parameter calculation unit, a determination unit the duration of the group and the unit for determining the duration of the jump are connected to the radio receiver. 4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that it includes a unit for archiving measurements connected to a unit for calculating the parameters of rotational motion and a unit for indicating parameters of rotational motion. 5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that it has a rotational motion parameter control unit and an input unit of a required value of the rotational motion parameter input unit, wherein the output of the rotational motion parameter calculation unit is connected to the input of the rotational motion parameter control unit, the output of which connected to the sound indication unit.

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