RU2391465C2 - Method for water removal from supply pipe of water column - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to the field of sanitaryware devices. Method for removal of water from supply pipe of water column consists in placement of dynamic element in inner volume, formation of required throughput hole for water supply along pipe by means of dynamic element change. As outpouring flow is disconnected, residual water is removed from pipe. At the same time dynamic element is placed in inner volume of pipe, required throughput section for water supply is formed by change of diametre or volume of dynamic element, and residual water from pipe is removed along direction of its feed, reducing throughput section by means of supply of non-freezing liquid or gas into inner space. Liquid or gas are supplied as flow is disconnected via rigid tube, and filling is started from the side, which is opposite to drainage.

EFFECT: improved operation of device during light frosts.

5 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to methods for removing water from a riser of a standpipe for dispensing tap water.

A serious operational problem is the failure of the water taps in the winter. The main reason is the freezing of residual water in the supply pipe of the standpipe, riser or in the underground part of the riser or casing when its level reaches the border of the frozen ground or close to it. The reasons for accumulation are greater than the allowable volume of residual water, i.e. inadequate removal during or after tapping, include both the disadvantages of the applicable disposal methods and “improper operation”. Three main methods of water removal are known: by gravity under the influence of gravity, by creating pressure by the stroke of the piston in the piston columns and using the energy of the flow supplied to the spout of water (ejection).

There is a method of removing water from the riser of a standpipe used when operating a standpipe designed to be installed on water supply networks for household water distribution by the Voronezh plant Vodmashoborudovanie (passport for the product “Pipeline”, Voronezh, 1998) or according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2078178, published 1997.04.27. The residual (return) water from the feed pipe is pre-discharged into a receiving tank located below the level of freezing of the soil, and its removal occurs by ejection by a stream of water supplied to the spout. In existing column designs, an ejector is a means of eliminating the problem that occurs when water at the end of the drawdown remains in the pipe and riser and fills the entire internal space of the riser, which leads to freezing of this remaining water; and ice interferes with subsequent water withdrawal. Using an ejector allows you to drain only part of the water from the pipe and riser. If the column does not meet the operating requirements, not all water from the pipe is ejected into the flow, which leads to a gradual increase in the water level in the pipe and in the riser in passive mode. Installing such a column in an open well (improving maintenance conditions) guarantees the access of cold air to the lower part of the column, which leads to freezing of even the smallest portion of remaining water in the riser, which also prevents subsequent water intake. Insufficient suction of residual water from the inlet pipe can occur due to, for example, instability (insufficiency) of pressure in the supply network and due to “improper” water intake carried out at short intervals or using a watering hose. The consequence of this is the gradual filling of the column body with water remaining from previous selections.

The principle of delayed discharge of the remaining water leads to the supply of dirty water to the user, a noticeable increase in the flow rate for flushing and swamping of the space around the column.

The applicant also knows columns built on the principle of forced pumping of water using pumping equipment, the disadvantage of this method is the requirement for an energy supply.

The applicant knows how to remove water from the supply pipe by gravity through an outlet valve arranged in the underground part, for example, implemented by the design of the Victoria taps (AVK, France). The disadvantage of this method is the need for special drainage for water drainage, as well as the inability to use in the case of a high level of groundwater.

A known method of removing water by gravity by collecting in a special drainage tank with subsequent removal of water from it.

A known method of removing water pressure created by the stroke of the piston. A.S. No. 125519 "Collapsible piston column" (published in the "Bulletin of inventions" No. 1 for 1960). The disadvantage of this method of water removal is the technological complexity of the implementation, as well as the inability to completely remove the residual water (part of the water is drained into a collection tank and removed with a subsequent intake located in the underground part), which may freeze, for example, if such a column is installed in open wells.

Known water-folding columns, in which, in order to prevent freezing of water in winter conditions of operation, a chamber filled with water is used as a sensor, the elastic bottom of which interacts with the spindle and running nut, which allow creating a rarefied pressure in the chamber (RF patent No. 2230859, publ. 20.06.2004 ) This device, based on the principles of increasing volume during freezing of water and thermal conductivity of materials, is inert in working condition and does not provide reliable analysis of water.

To fundamentally exclude the possibility of freezing, it is necessary to ensure the removal of residual water from the riser of the column immediately after tapping. None of the solutions known to the applicant solves the problem.

The objective is to find a way to completely remove water immediately after the end of the intake (disconnection from the water supply network) from the riser of the standpipe.

The technical result is to improve the removal of residual water, while ensuring the conditions for its removal immediately after disconnecting from the water supply network.

The problem is solved in a method for removing water from a supply pipe of a water-lifting column, which consists in placing a dynamic element in the inner volume of the pipe, while forming the necessary cross-section for supplying water through the pipe by changing the diameter or volume of the dynamic element, and when the flow is turned off residual water from the pipe is removed in the direction of its supply, reducing the flow area.

It is possible to change the diameter or volume using the properties of elastic deformation of an element of elastic material, by compressing or stretching across the pipe with the flow of water supplied to the spout, and returning it to its original state due to elastic deformation of the element.

An embodiment of the element may be an elastic sleeve, while a bore is formed inside the sleeve.

An embodiment of the element may be an elastic rod, while a bore is formed between the outer wall of the rod and the inner wall of the pipe.

A possible embodiment of the manufacture of a cylindrical rod of spongy rubber or a variant of the rod, which is a sealed chamber filled with gas.

It is possible to change the diameter or volume using an anti-freezing liquid or gas, while introducing an anti-freezing liquid or gas when the flow is turned off and exempt from the non-freezing liquid or gas when the flow is turned on.

This option can be used both independently and in conjunction with the use of the properties of the elastic deformation of the element, for example, in the case when the elastic properties of the material of the element are not enough to completely displace (boost) the water.

Thus, there is an option when the volume or diameter is regulated (changed) only by introducing a gas or non-freezing liquid, and an option is when the gas or liquid is used as an auxiliary element for “boosting” the residual water, while the bulk is displaced due to the elastic deformation of the element.

It is possible to introduce a non-freezing liquid or gas into the space formed by the inner wall of the pipe and the wall of the element, while a dynamic passage section is formed between the walls of the sleeve and the inner walls of the pipe.

As an element, you can use an elastic sleeve. Or make an element of waterproof thin-walled material, such as fabric. The sleeve can be corrugated, then non-elastic material can be used.

It is possible to introduce a non-freezing liquid or gas into an elastic rod existing in the internal axial cavity, while forming a dynamic passage section between the outer walls of the rod and the inner walls of the pipe. The best option for supplying gas or non-freezing liquid is to supply it (her) through a rigid tube located in the axial cavity of the element, while ensuring that there is no gap between the walls of the tube and the walls of the cavity when the flow is turned off. Place the tube in the element, pre-heating it, while the absence of a gap must be observed at least in the temperature range of the supplied water from 4 to 30 degrees Celsius.

To achieve the best effect and to facilitate the removal of water in all of the above cases, filling is started from the side opposite to the drain.

Signs unknown to applicant:

A dynamic element is placed in the inner volume of the pipe, and the necessary flow section is formed for supplying water through the pipe by changing the diameter or volume of the dynamic element, and when the flow to the spout is turned off, the residual water from the pipe is removed in the direction of its supply, decreasing the passage section.

An element of elastic elastic material is used, while changing its diameter or volume is carried out by compressing or stretching across the pipe with the flow of water supplied to the spout, and returning to the initial state due to the elastic deformation of the element.

To change the diameter or volume of the element, a non-freezing liquid or gas is used, while a non-freezing liquid or gas is introduced when the flow is turned off and released from the non-freezing liquid or gas when the stream is turned on.

The problem is solved, while in contrast to existing solutions, where water remains in the system, or is removed from it through additional openings, or using an additional energy source (in addition to the muscular strength of a person to open the valve), the proposed solution is aimed at using only available resources (available pouring hole, muscular strength of a person, pressure force of water in the network).

Obviously, the water itself is not able to overcome the force of gravity and rise above the level of the pouring hole, therefore, in the proposed method, an additional element (inexpensive device) is introduced, which at the end of the tapping takes up the entire volume of the pipe.

The claimed invention resolves the following contradiction: the cross-section in the pipe must be in order to allow the passage of a stream of water, at the same time, the cross-section should not be so that water does not remain in the pipe.

When the valve is closed, the pipe independently removes water due to the properties of the walls (pipe or element), reducing the flow area, i.e. the cross section disappears.

When the valve is open, water itself creates a cavity in the pipe due to pressure.

The super effect is: reduction in the volume of residual water removed; improvement of hygienic properties; water saving; temperature range of application expands.

The exclusion of special devices for removing water, such as an ejector, allows, for example, to reduce the diameter of the riser column in order to minimize the amount of water to be removed.

Residual water is removed immediately after closing the valve in the consumer's container (bucket), i.e. the water does not stagnate, it does not need to be drained before the water is taken.

Using the proposed method allows to solve the problem of removing residual water immediately after the end of the tapping, thereby preventing its freezing.

The proposed method can be implemented on the example of the device of the standpipe shown in figure 1.

Figure 1-5 is an enlarged diagram of a portion of a water column (feed pipe) made using an elastic element in the form of an elastic sleeve.

The water column contains (Fig. 1) a supply pipe of a water column 1, a dynamic element 2 placed in the internal volume of the pipe, connected to a supply conduit (not shown) and a water analysis control system (not shown). The water analysis control system usually comprises a pressure valve connected to a supply conduit (water supply network) and a power device made in the form of a mechanical actuator that is connected to a control element (usually a pressure lever) and a pressure valve.

Figure 1 shows a variant of the dynamic element 2, which is an elastic tubular element mounted in the supply pipe 1 with a gap 3. The cavity 4 for supplying water is hydraulically connected through a pressure valve (not shown), for example, with a pressure supply pipe - a water supply network (not shown).

The cavity 4 for supplying water is configured to increase or decrease its volume depending on the volume of water supplied from the supply conduit. A rigid pipe 5 can be installed inside the elastic pipe 2 with or without a gap between them.

The elastic tubular element may be made, for example, of silicone rubber. The tests showed that this elastic material, in addition to elastic properties, has hydrophobic properties, which additionally contribute to the removal of residual water from the cavity.

The rod-shaped elastic member may be made of sponge rubber.

For the manufacture of the rigid pipe 5 and the supply pipe 1, any material can be used whose rigidity is sufficient to form the tubular element. The use of metal pipes is less preferable, since the high thermal conductivity of metals can contribute to freezing of water in the supply pressure pipe. During testing, polyethylene was used as the material with the specified characteristics. If necessary, additionally during the manufacture of the case (not shown), a layer of insulation can be applied to it.

The water column works as follows. When you press the pressure lever (Fig.2-5) through the power device, the pressure valve opens (Fig.2 is shown) and water from the pressure supply conduit enters the elastic pipe 2 into the cavity 4.

In the case of the execution of the elastic element in the form of an elastic rod (not shown), water enters the cavity 3, which is formed between the inner side surface of the pipe 1 and the outer side surface of the elastic rod.

Under the pressure of the incoming water, an increase in the volume of the cavity 4 occurs (for the variant with a tubular element) or an increase in the cavity 3 for the variant with an elastic rod is proportional to the volume of the incoming water.

Water analysis ends when the load is removed from the pressure lever. In this case, the pressure valve closes, thereby stopping the flow of water, and the pressure in the cavities 3 or 4 drops. At the end of the water supply from the pressure supply conduit due to the action of the elastic forces of the elastic elements, the volume of the cavity 3 or 4 is correspondingly reduced. As a result, the residual water is completely removed from the cavity 3 or 4.

Given the initial value of the cavity 3 or 4 (the minimum is chosen, for example, the gap formed between the outer wall of the elastic rod and the inner wall of the supply pipe can be 0-1 mm) and the hydrophobic properties of the material (silicone rubber), a minimum volume of residual water is formed. Tests of the device showed that the appeared thin film of ice (or its fragments) is easily destroyed and removed when a new portion of water is supplied. The destruction of the ice film is facilitated by a change in the diameter or volume of the elastic element (tension-compression) when the tap water is supplied from the pressure feed conduit.

To improve the displacement of residual water, in case of loss of elasticity of the elements, for example at low temperatures, air or non-freezing fluid pressure can be additionally used.

The proposed method can be implemented using well-known modern technologies that do not require the use of expensive, scarce materials.

In general, the proposed technical solution allows to improve the removal of residual water after turning off the pressure supply conduit (water network).

Claims (5)

1. The method of removing water from the supply pipe of the water column, which consists in placing a dynamic element in the internal volume, forming the necessary flow section for supplying water through the pipe by changing the dynamic element, and when the flow to the spout is turned off, the residual water is removed from the pipe, characterized in that the dynamic element is placed in the inner volume of the pipe, the necessary passage hole for water supply is formed by changing the diameter or volume of the dynamic element, and the residual water from the pipe removed in the direction of its supply, reducing the flow area by introducing non-freezing liquid or gas into the interior, while introducing liquid or gas when the flow through the rigid tube is turned off, and filling begins from the side opposite to the drain. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that an elastic sleeve is used as a dynamic element. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that an elastic rod is used as a dynamic element, while non-freezing liquid or gas is introduced into the inner space formed by the internal axial cavity of the elastic rod. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as a dynamic element using a sealed chamber. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the liquid or gas is introduced when the flow is turned off through a rigid tube located in the inner space of the axial cavity of the dynamic element, while ensuring that there is no gap between the walls of the tube and the walls of the cavity.

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