RU2389602C1 - Method to produce log article (versions), log article (versions) and method of its drying (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods of producing log articles for construction purposes, log article structures and method of drying log articles. Proposed method comprises lengthwise sawing of log into two parts, preferably, at log central plane. Lengthwise slot is made in one of produced parts on the sawing side. Lengthwise slot made, both parts are rigidly jointed together along the sawing planes to form inner cavity inside produced article.

EFFECT: high heat insulation, lower probability of crack formation.

22 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the woodworking industry, and in particular to methods for manufacturing log products for construction, to designs of log products and to methods for drying them. The invention also makes it possible to produce other assortments of wood products, in particular beams, beams, etc., lengthy building structures made of wood by the same method and carry out their drying.

A known method of manufacturing log products, in which the conversion of logs is carried out, each log is cut longitudinally and diametrically at right angles into equal quarter segments, quarter segments are placed so that the arcuate surfaces of the segments are facing inward one to the other, and their flat cutting surfaces are located with the formation of a rectangular cross section. The quarter segments arranged in this way are joined together, fastened together and filled the space between them with rigid foam plastic insulation (see RU 2105104 “Method for manufacturing a log product and a log product”, IPC Е04В 1/10, published 02.20.98). The described method and design allow the insulating material to be introduced inside the prefabricated product, which increases the insulating properties of the product. A method of manufacturing log products with transformation of logs and the design of the transformed log have the disadvantage that the structure obtained is unstable before filling it with a rigid heat-insulating material, because it has a small area of mating surfaces, and therefore must have serious means of fastening sawn parts together and in a sufficiently large amount along the length of the product. Delivery of supporting structural elements into the space between parts is a rather complicated technological task, complicates the design of the product as a whole and increases the cost of its manufacture.

There is also known a method of manufacturing a log building structure, in which the log is assembled from three sawn parts: a central longitudinal flat part made in the form of a beam, and two side-segments with one convex surface each and one longitudinal flat surface. The sidewalls are segments of the sapwood of the whole log. The flat inner mating surfaces of the three parts are made with wide grooves, and the groove of the beam is made on each of its vertical sides in its central part, and the flat surfaces of the segments are each made with two grooves on the peripheral parts opposite the parts of the surface of the beam without a groove. At the same time, the grooves of the beam on both sides are made deeper than the grooves on the flat sides of the segments so that during assembly of the log in its inner part, gaps are formed symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal vertical plane. All three parts are interconnected by their flat parts using an adhesive layer located in the formed gaps (see RU 2325988 “Glued round log and method of its manufacture”, IPC В27В 1/00, published on 10.06.08). This method is also quite time-consuming due to the implementation of wide grooves of different sizes in the central part of the middle part and in the peripheral parts of the segments. The design has insufficiently high thermal insulation properties.

The objective of the invention is the simplicity of a prefabricated log and similar long structure, for example a long beam, the method of its manufacture and assembly, high thermal insulation properties of the prefabricated structure, elimination of cracks in the component parts of the product, reduction of torques arising in the product due to its deformation, its distortions, long term services and the possibility of drying the product from the inside by "squeezing" moisture from the central part of the product to its outer part.

The objective of the invention is solved 1) by the method of manufacturing a log product and other assortments of wood products-lengthy by longitudinally sawing a workpiece (log, beam, etc.) into two parts, in one, mainly in its central plane, for example, horizontal or vertical, at least on one of the formed sawn parts from the sawing side, mainly in its axial part, perform a longitudinal recess - a groove of a round, V-shaped or other shape, possibly irregular, along the entire length of the workpiece, after By filling the longitudinal groove, the two parts are rigidly connected to each other along the planes of cuts using fastening means, for example, using pins, an adhesive joint to form a longitudinal internal cavity between them. For fastening with pins in both parts of the log opposite to each other, holes are made, oriented mainly across the log.

The problem is also solved 2) by the method of manufacturing a log product and other assortments of wood lengthy products, mainly with a large diameter of the workpiece (logs, lumber), in which a board is cut from its central part to the length of the workpiece with a thickness by which it is necessary to reduce the diameter of the workpiece and / or which Depends on the continued use of the board. In at least one of the two segments / parts of the log / beam obtained, a longitudinal groove is also made on the cut side of any of the above shapes to the entire length of the workpiece, both parts of the workpiece are rigidly connected along the saw plane in the same way with the formation of an internal longitudinal cavity in the product.

The problem is solved by another possible option 3) the method of manufacturing a log product or other assortments of wood lengthy products, in particular, with a small diameter of the workpiece, when it is necessary to increase its overall transverse dimension (diameter), in which after longitudinal sawing of the workpiece, mainly in its central plane, its formed parts are moved apart relative to each other in parallel with themselves by the amount necessary to achieve the required transverse dimensions of the workpiece, at least about a groove is made on the bottom of the parts from the side of the sawing plane over the entire length of the product, after which a long-sized wooden part, for example a board or timber, is installed between the parts of the log, with a thickness equal to the extension of the parts of the workpiece being cut, by sawing planes rigidly fixing them to each other. The specified board can be taken from a variant of the previous method, when a board / beam with a thickness equal to the required reduction in the transverse dimensions of the previous version of the log and equal to the required increase in the transverse dimensions of the workpiece is cut from the central part of a log of large diameter.

The problem is solved by another possible option 4) the method of manufacturing a log product and other assortments of wood long products, mainly with a small diameter of the workpiece, when it is necessary to increase its overall transverse dimension (diameter), in which, after longitudinal sawing of the workpiece, mainly in its central plane, the formed parts the workpieces are moved apart by the amount necessary to achieve the required transverse dimensions of the workpiece, at least in one of the parts of the workpiece they cut a longitudinal groove from the side of the sawing plane to its entire length, in the central part of the inserted long wooden part, for example a board, with a thickness equal to the extension of the parts of the workpiece, perform a longitudinal cut-out in the form of a window through or in the form of a longitudinal groove from at least one plane a cut with the possible preservation of the integrity of the board by maintaining jumpers at the ends of the board, or grooves are made on both sides of the board (on both planes of the cut), the board thus treated is set between tyami cuts workpiece planes to each other. The longitudinal groove in the board forms a single cavity with the corresponding groove in the part of the workpiece; the longitudinal cut in the board in the form of a window forms a single cavity with the longitudinal internal grooves of both parts of the workpiece.

The problem is solved by another possible option 5) a method of manufacturing a log product and other assortments of wood long products, in which the workpiece is sawn mainly along the axial plane along, forming two parts, mainly equal. These parts of the workpiece are moved apart relative to each other in parallel to themselves by the amount necessary to obtain the desired overall size in the cross section of the workpiece, and between the separated parts of the workpiece from two diametrically opposite sides relative to the axis of the log, symmetrically with respect to the axial plane of the workpiece, perpendicular to the planes of sawing parts diametrically opposite to the sides, install two boards or two beams - two sidewalls with cut planes to the cut planes of the indicated parts with the image calling the internal longitudinal cavity of the newly formed prefabricated structure of the log (beam). In this embodiment, the internal longitudinal groove in the sawn and extended parts of the product can be omitted, since the internal cavity of the prefabricated structure is formed only due to the extension of the sawn parts. All parts of the structure are rigidly fixed in a similar manner.

Previous options: with the cutting and removal of the board and the insertion of the board from another log, it is possible to calibrate them in the wide range of log sizes available for the diameter of the logs needed for construction without rejecting them, which further expands the possibilities of the economic activity of the entity carrying out the specified methods of processing logs , beams in terms of their use of any size of logs for their preparation for construction.

Sawing along the axis of the log can be performed in any plane, for example, in a vertical or horizontal plane.

The problem is also solved by the construction of 1) a log or similar wood-like long product (timber), obtained by the first manufacturing method, which contains two parts located by the cut planes to each other, at least in one of which is on the cut side, mainly in its axial parts, a longitudinal recess is made to the length of the structure - a round, V-shaped groove or other shape, the two parts are rigidly connected by glue, pins or other similar means known to form a longitudinal oh the inner cavity between them.

The problem is solved by the construction of 2) a log or the like wood lengthy product (beam) obtained by another manufacturing method, which contains two parts located by the cut planes to each other at a distance, at least one of the parts is provided with a longitudinal groove from the side of the cut plane, and between the parts there is a long wooden part with a thickness equal to the distance between the parts, all with the cut planes to each other. Three parts are rigidly connected to each other in a known manner with the formation of a longitudinal cavity of the product.

The problem is solved by another possible design option 3) a wooden product, logs or other assortments of wood lengthy products, which contains two parts located by sawing planes to each other at a distance from each other by the amount necessary to achieve the required transverse dimensions of the workpiece, at least of one part of the workpiece, a longitudinal groove is made from the side of the cutting plane, between the parts a long wooden part (board) is mounted and rigidly fixed with them fishing to the respective cut planes of the indicated parts, in which a longitudinal cut is made in the form of a window through or in the form of a longitudinal groove on at least one cut of this middle part or longitudinal grooves on both opposite sides of the middle part cuts, with the formation of a corresponding groove in the adjacent parts of a single cavity blank; a longitudinal cut in the middle part in the form of a window forms a single cavity with the longitudinal internal grooves of both parts of the product. In this case, the integrity of the middle long wooden part can be maintained by preserving the jumpers at its ends.

The problem is solved by another possible design option 4) of a wooden product, logs or other assortments of wood lengthy products, which contains two parts, mainly equal, located by cutting planes towards each other, installed at a distance from each other, between which are two diametrically opposite sides relative to the core , symmetrically with respect to the axial plane of the product, perpendicular to the plane of cuts of the parts, two sidewalls are installed - long wooden parts: two boards or two beams - with the formation of an internal longitudinal cavity of the newly formed prefabricated product structure. All parts of the structure are rigidly fixed using fasteners.

As can be seen from the proposed product designs, due to the reliable pairing of the cut surfaces with each other, the structure is stable. Separated parts of the structure, assembled together with the formation of a longitudinal internal cavity, do not lead to cracking during drying and operation, do not cause internal stresses in the product as a whole. The cavity / cavities formed in the product are filled with the best heat insulator - air, providing the consumer with a warm, inexpensive, environmentally friendly wooden wall of the future home. And most importantly, any of these structures, made with an internal cavity in any of the embodiments, makes it possible to dry the resulting product from inside it by squeezing moisture from the inner central pores to the outside, which, firstly, contributes to faster drying, in secondly, drying without cracks and bending stresses, excluding the deformation of products of these structures obtained by the proposed methods for their manufacture, thirdly, the preservation of these products in the process of long-term operation without cracks, bending stresses and deformations.

A known method of drying wood products, which contains operations to remove free and bound moisture, including alternating cycles of purging the wood with a coolant, heating the wood to an average volume temperature of 80-100 ° C, evacuation, during which during evacuation after each connection of the receiver volume with the drying volume its chambers are loaded with wood, and in the receiver and in the drying chamber create and maintain a pressure lower and / or equal to the vapor pressure of the wood liquid at a given wood temperature. After removal of free moisture and during the drying process, the wood reaches transitional moisture from free to bound wood, it is held at the created pressure in the drying chamber for the time required to heat the wood to a predetermined drying temperature (see RU 2336475 “Method for drying and impregnating wood”, IPC F26B 5/04, published 10/20/08).

Also known is a quick technology for drying wood, including large logs, using equipment that cyclically generates powerful vacuum pulses due to volume ratios of the drying and vacuum chambers, followed by deepening the vacuum in the drying chamber with a vacuum pump (see RU 2334924 “Method of wood drying and device for its implementation ", IPC F26B 5/04, published 09/27/08). The method of drying wood includes transport and storage operations using trolleys, technological operations in two working chambers, carried out at intervals of 30 minutes, heating, moving and distributing the drying agent to the stack using heaters, reversible fans and flow dividers, softening and leveling humidity cross-section of wood with hot water and steam by a humidification system, followed by exposure to heat, atmospheric pressure or a residual vacuum, removing the air-vapor mixture from the working chamber into the vacuum chamber Skim vacuum power pulses corresponding to their volume ratio, followed by depression of the vacuum time in the working chamber a vacuum pump and control means for controlling technological process pressure, temperature and humidity. Heating in the range of 80-140 ° C and the movement of the drying agent is carried out at a speed of 3.5-4 m / s through diffuser channels symmetrically installed with respect to the rows of wood stack gaskets; evacuation is carried out to prevent a decrease in humidity on the surface relative to the middle of the cross section of the assortment is 15-25% and 5-15%, when measuring humidity, introducing electrodes into the wood at least at two points to a depth within 10-15 mm from the surface and the middle of the cross section of the assortment.

The drying methods considered are complex technological processes using complex and expensive equipment, which are lengthy and increase the cost of the final product. Moreover, the degree of drying of the products is low due to forced squeezing of moisture along the pores of the wood from the outer surface of the product to the internal volume, from where the moisture has nowhere to go. The transition from a larger volume to a smaller one causes stress in the structure of the wood, which leads to active crack formation. In the future, during the operation of wood, uneven heating / cooling occurs, moisture is impregnated with boards, beams, beams, logs with an uneven distribution of moisture over the inside and outside of the product, and residual moisture in the integral structure without internal cavities causes cracks, breaks and other defects, reducing the life of both the products themselves and the wooden / log structure built from them.

The objective of the invention is to increase the degree of drying of wood products, the exclusion of their cracking and deformation both in the drying process and during operation.

Drying of the prefabricated structure of the product is carried out before assembly or after.

The problem is solved by drying both logs and other long wood billets, in which the billet is pre-cut lengthwise into two parts, if necessary, a longitudinal groove is made along the length of at least one sawn part on the saw side, and the sawn parts of the structure are dried (half-logs , segments of logs, half-timber), for which they heat the cutting plane, i.e. the preform is heated from the side that was the inner part of the preform and which will also be the inner part of the product after assembly, for this the preform is set with the saw plane opposite to the heat flux or the heating element is installed from the side of the saw plane, drying is carried out under pressure, for which it is installed on the dryer parts of the structure are installed under the press. The press is installed on the opposite, outer side of the sawn part, on the other hand from the surface of the cut so that the pressure on the workpiece is perpendicular to the plane of the cut, which is facing the heat flux. Drying of parts of the product may be accompanied by forced suction of moisture from the side opposite to the plane of cut.

The problem is also solved by the method of drying logs, etc. products in which the preform is pre-cut lengthwise into two parts, if necessary, a longitudinal groove is made along the length of the workpiece from the sawing side of at least one part, the sawn parts are assembled into the final product structure to form at least one longitudinal internal cavity, and the prefabricated structure is dried carried out after its assembly by heating the prefabricated structure (logs) from the inside, for which drying is carried out by axial purging of the internal cavity of the prefabricated coolant m - a drying agent, either by heating air in the internal cavity of the structure or by heating the surface of the longitudinal cavity by installing a heating element / elements in the internal cavity of the prefabricated structure along its length. In this case, all parts of the prefabricated structure must be pressed against each other either by installing the prefabricated structure under the press to influence the compressive forces of the press on the log perpendicular to the plane of cut, or by a circular coupler of the prefabricated structure such as a hoop in several places along the length of the structure. Drying the assembled product from the inside can be accompanied by forced suction of moisture, as well as drying from the outside.

The indicated drying methods from within the wood of lengthy products are provided not only by the drying equipment used, but also by the design of the wood product itself, the variants of which can be numerous during longitudinal sawing and assembly of parts of the product with the formation of an internal longitudinal cavity of the product to be dried.

After drying the newly formed structures of the logs to connect the logs located at an angle to each other, with the formation of intersecting walls on two opposite sides of each log, cups are made with a shape of the inner surface that repeats the shape of the mating surface of the log, located in relation to the angle being processed. The cups are made in such a way that the generatrix of the cylindrical surface of the cup in the newly assembled log structure is oriented with respect to the longitudinal axis of the adjacent lower log at an angle equal to the angle of the location of two adjacent intersecting walls. This angle is typically 90 °.

The method of processing logs, the method of drying them from the inside is illustrated by the design options of the logs shown in the drawings.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a variant of the preparation of a rounded log, in which a longitudinal concave arcuate groove is made on the lower side of the log for pairing this log with the upper surface of the lower log with respect to it in the log wall. The central horizontal plane of the longitudinal sawing of the log into two parts is also shown here. Figure 2 shows two logs sawn in the central plane of the cut, in each of which, on the cut side, grooves are made V-shaped in cross section in the form of grooves along the longitudinal axis of the log. In this drawing, there is no longitudinal concave arcuate groove for pairing two adjacent logs. Figure 3 shows the individual blanks of the future prefabricated log in the form of two halves of the original log with longitudinal longitudinal V-shaped grooves and one board. Figure 4 shows a new construction of a prefabricated log, consisting of two profiled parts with longitudinal central grooves of a V-shape, connected together along the plane of cut. Figure 5 shows a log of a prefabricated structure with inserted sidewalls and with a lower concave groove made on the lower part of the log. The upper end of the upper sidewall is also profiled along an arc in a section that mates with adjacent lines of the log. The longitudinal inner central groove is rounded in shape. The ends of the logs are made with a cup from each end to connect this log with a log perpendicular to it in a crown of an adjacent perpendicular log wall. In Fig. 6, the same construction as in Fig. 5 is shown, with the difference that instead of two sidewalls, a board is installed between the sawn parts of the log, and instead of the longitudinal external concave arcuate groove for pairing the two lower and upper surfaces of the precast logs are made flat.

The design of the logs is as follows. It does not matter what is taken as a workpiece: a round log, which is described in all the examples, or a beam, the principle of their processing is the same: sawed into pieces with the formation of an internal longitudinal cavity either by expanding the parts relative to each other, or by performing internal longitudinal grooves from the side of the plane of cutting parts along the entire length of the workpiece.

The log 1 from its lower side is made with a longitudinal groove 2 of an arcuate sectional shape along the entire length of the log 1 — a conjugation groove of the upper one in the crown of the log with respect to the lower one. In log 1, a horizontal plane 3 is planned, along which logs will be sawn along the axial center line into two parts. After carrying out the indicated sawing, two log parts 4 and 5 are formed, along the axis of which, from the side of the sawing plane 3, grooves 7 and 8 are made V-shaped in cross-section along the entire length of log 1. In Fig. 2, parts 4 and 5 are shown apart. Before the grooves 7 and 8 are made, a longitudinal board 9 is cut out from the central part of the log 1 of a large diameter, larger than necessary for assembling the log wall. The sidewalls 9, which are inserted between the extended sawn parts, are also indicated by 9, as shown in Fig. 5. The design of the prefabricated log is made by rigidly joining on a flat surface 3 sawing of individual parts of the log 4 and 5 with the formation of longitudinal grooves 7 and 8 of the longitudinal internal cavity 10 of the axial orientation (figure 4). In Fig. 4, when grooves 7 and 8 are made in a V-shaped section, the longitudinal internal cavity 10 of the log has a diamond-shaped cross section. The cross-sectional shape of the longitudinal inner cavity does not matter, it can be asymmetric, irregular. If the overall transverse dimension of the log is insufficient, this size can be increased by inserting the board 9 of the required thickness between the planes 3 of the longitudinal cut of the log 1, between the sawn parts 4 and 5. In this case, the end surfaces 11 and 12 of the board or sidewalls 9 must be processed in accordance with the shape of the machined surfaces of the slices of parts 4 and 5. When making an arcuate external groove 2 on the lower outer surface of the logs 4-9-5 (Figs. 5, 6), the lower outer end surface 11 of the board / sidewall 9 should also have a concave arcuate sectional longitudinal groove (arc a-b), mating with the corresponding lower surface of the log 4-9-5, and the end surface 12 of the board / sidewall 9 should be as convex (arc c-d) as the upper surface prefabricated logs. The longitudinal rounded (arcuate) concave groove 11 on one, lower, outer side of the log can be omitted by making the lower surface and the upper, opposite surface of the log flat, ensuring a tight fit of one log on another. When executing a prefabricated log 4-9-5 with flat horizontal surfaces (Fig.6), the end surfaces 11 and 12 of the board 9 are also made flat (sections a-b and c-d, respectively). To fasten the logs of adjacent walls to each other at the ends of the assembled logs 4-9-5, cups 13 are made in a shape that repeats the shape of the upper surface of the mating lower log covered by it (not assembled). The forming cups 13 are oriented at an angle of 90 ° to the longitudinal axis of the log in which the cups 13 are made. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the longitudinal internal cavities 14 of the assembled logs 4-9-5 are made in a round section, which is also achieved longitudinally - transverse processing of the central part of the halves 4 and 5 of the log 1 from the side of the central cut 3. To prevent cracking of the board 9 during drying and operation, a longitudinal cavity or a rectangular window can also be made in it.

Prefabricated logs 4-5 and 4-9-5 are dried and work as follows.

In the case of drying the product in disassembled form, each of its preform is placed under the press so that the press efforts are directed perpendicular to the cutting plane. After that, from the plane of the cut, a heated air stream is sent to the workpiece or heating elements are installed on the same side of the workpiece that heat the workpiece from the cut side. When the workpiece is heated from the cut side, moisture is squeezed out through the open pores in the wood from the cut to the peripheral part of the workpiece, in the log to its rounded part, and then removed from the cylindrical surface of the workpiece either by evaporation or by force by suction. For this, the preform with a drying device can be placed in a vacuum chamber. Moisture from the workpiece moves from a smaller central volume to a larger one, towards the periphery, so no cracks form. Being under the press during drying in the specified mode, the workpiece is not subjected to bending forces that may appear during drying, while the moisture completely passes from the cut - the central part of the workpiece through the peripheral part of the workpiece to the outside, allowing the workpiece to dry in its central part and then its entire volume. Additionally, during the drying process, the resin moves closer to the surface, therefore, the outer protective layer of the structure is improved. Next, the parts are installed and rigidly fixed in a single structure, for example, using an adhesive joint.

In the case of the drying process of the assembled product in assembled form, the prefabricated log is also installed under the press with the direction of pressure forces perpendicular to the plane of cut of the parts of the log or compressive bandage hoops are fixed on it in several places along the length of the product. In the longitudinal cavity of the product direct the flow of air, mainly heated, and maintain it in this mode until it dries. It is possible to install heating elements inside the cavity of the product along its length. In this case, the same processes occur as described in the previous version of the drying method, i.e. moisture is removed from the center of the product to its periphery, from a smaller volume to a larger one. Since the parts of the prefabricated structure are physically separated, the bending forces arising in some part of the prefabricated structure when moisture is removed are not transferred to neighboring parts of the product, and due to the small transverse size of the prefabricated parts, these forces are also small and do not significantly affect the part of the product itself. As a result, the acting bending multidirectional bending moments partially compensate each other, and do not cause deformation of the product. Therefore, this method of manufacturing wood lengthy products and the method of drying them from the inside is non-deforming, without cracking. During operation, “breathing” wooden products with internal cavities filled with air in different seasons of the year, partially collecting moisture or losing it unevenly in volume, also, for the same reasons, do not undergo deformations, do not crack and can be used for a long time without changing their sizes and properties. The air gap in the longitudinal cavity of each log averages out, evens out the moisture and temperature gradients, extinguishing multidirectional effects, small deformations that are possible in each element of the building structure, also eliminating the appearance of cracks in the body of the components of the log structure. When using conventional methods of drying the parts of the prefabricated structure of the log due to the presence of longitudinal cavities in them, the operating mode will be more favorable and will also not cause cracking.

Among the design advantages of each log and its products (log house), the following can be additionally noted.

The log house at the time of manufacture is assembled from a dry structure, as a result of which the house is warm from the first days of operation.

The design of the log provides air cavities - "pillows" that increase the thermal insulation properties, while leaving the product environmentally friendly, unlike filled with polymer compositions. Air "pillows" in the winter prevent cold from entering the house and leaving the house of heat, and in the summer the house does not heat up due to direct sunlight.

In the logs during the entire operation of the cracks are not formed.

In the construction of log cabins, you can use both small-sized products and logs of large diameters, which increases the percentage of use of harvested wood.

The use of conifers leads to the appearance of a pleasant resinous coniferous smell, which is extremely important for both a healthy person and a patient.

Claims (22)

1. A method of manufacturing a log product and other assortments of wood products, lengthy, which produce a longitudinal sawing of the workpiece into two parts, mainly in its central plane, at least in one of the formed parts on the cut side, perform a longitudinal groove along the entire length of the workpiece, after performing a longitudinal groove, the two parts are rigidly connected to each other along the cut planes with the formation of an internal longitudinal cavity in the product. 2. A method of manufacturing a log product or other assortments of wood-like long products, in which the workpiece is longitudinally cut into two parts, mainly in its central plane, after sawing, the formed parts are moved apart relative to each other parallel to themselves, at least in one of the formed parts on the cut side, a longitudinal groove is made along the entire length of the workpiece, after which a long wooden part is installed between the parts of the workpiece with the saw planes facing each other uh huh rigidly securing them together. 3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that between the sawn parts, a board or bar is installed with a thickness equal to the sliding distance of the sawn parts of the workpiece. 4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that in the central part of the inserted part, a longitudinal cut is made in the form of a window through or a longitudinal groove, at least from one side of its plane of sawing. 5. A method of manufacturing a log product and other assortments of wood lengthy products, in which the workpiece is cut lengthwise into two parts, these parts of the workpiece are moved apart relative to each other parallel to themselves, between the separated parts of the workpiece from two diametrically opposite sides, symmetrically with respect to the axial plane of the workpiece perpendicular to the planes cut them, set two parts with their cut planes to the cut planes of these parts with the formation of an internal longitudinal spine product all parts rigidly fixed to each other. 6. A log product containing two parts located by the cut planes to each other, at least in one of which a longitudinal groove is made along the entire length of the cut side, the parts are rigidly connected to form a longitudinal internal cavity between them. 7. A log product containing two parts located at the distance from each other by at least one of the parts made with a longitudinal groove from the side of the saw plane along its length, a long wooden part with a thickness equal to the distance between the parts is installed between the parts, all cutting planes are rigidly connected to each other with the formation of a longitudinal cavity of the product. 8. A log product according to claim 7, characterized in that in the inserted part a longitudinal cut is made in the form of a window through or in the form of a longitudinal groove, at least on the side of one of its cuts with the formation of a single cavity with the corresponding groove in the adjacent part of the product. 9. A log product containing two parts arranged opposite each other by cut planes, installed at a distance from each other, between which, from two diametrically opposite sides, symmetrically with respect to the axial plane of the product perpendicular to the plane of cut parts, two long wooden sidewalls are formed with the formation of an internal longitudinal product cavities, all are rigidly fixed to each other. 10. A method of drying a log product, in which the preform is pre-cut lengthwise into parts and the components of the structure are dried, which is heated on the side of the cut plane, and drying is carried out under pressure, which is carried out on the opposite side of the cut plane perpendicular to the cut plane. 11. The drying method according to claim 10, characterized in that in the sawn parts before drying perform a longitudinal groove along the length of the workpiece from the side of the cut. 12. The drying method according to claim 10, characterized in that the heating of the plane of the cut is carried out by a flow of coolant directed to the plane of the cut. 13. The drying method according to claim 10, characterized in that the heating of the cutting plane is carried out using a heating element mounted directly on the cutting plane. 14. The drying method according to claim 10, characterized in that the drying is carried out accompanied by forced suction of moisture from the side opposite to the plane of cut. 15. A method of drying a log product, in which the preform is previously sawn lengthwise into two parts, the sawn parts are assembled to form a longitudinal internal cavity in the product, the product is dried after assembly by heating the product from the side of the longitudinal internal cavity, while the components of the product are pressed to each other. 16. The drying method according to p. 15, characterized in that the drying is carried out by axial purging of the internal cavity of the prefabricated structure with a coolant. 17. The drying method according to clause 15, wherein the drying is carried out by heating air in the internal cavity of the structure. 18. The drying method according to p. 15, characterized in that the drying is carried out by heating the surface of the longitudinal cavity by installing a heating element in the internal longitudinal cavity of the assembled product along its length. 19. The drying method according to p. 15, characterized in that the drying is carried out accompanied by forced suction of moisture from the outer, peripheral surface of the product. 20. The drying method according to p. 15, characterized in that the pressing of the parts of the product to each other is carried out by exposure to compressive forces perpendicular to the cut planes. 21. The drying method according to p. 15, characterized in that the clamp parts of the product to each other is carried out by their circular ties around the perimeter of the section of the prefabricated structure in several places along its length. 22. The drying method according to item 21, wherein the hoop is used for screeding.

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