RU2380163C1 - Gravitational electromagnetic separator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to the field of minerals concentration and may be used to increase extraction of fine dense minerals. Gravitational electromagnetic separator comprises flexible deck with corrugations, tray for reception of power supply and flushing water, driving mechanism of table, receivers for products of separation, electromagnetic system. Deck is arranged in the form of circle, which is separated into two and more sectors, every of which has circular corrugations with progressively rising height from centre to deck periphery. Deck is equipped with high frequency step motor, which provides for its continuous rotation and supply of negative ripples for shift of particles in direction, which is opposite to its rotation. Electromagnetic system in the form of three-phase module inductor of traveling magnetic field is installed over deck surface.

EFFECT: improved extraction of particles of finest materials, and also increased specific conductivity.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of mineral processing and can be used to increase the extraction of small dense minerals.

A known apparatus is a concentration table, which has trapezoidal or rhombic decks along which narrow slats are attached - corrugations, the height of which decreases towards the end of the table deck. Also, the table has a support device with a mechanism for regulating the transverse inclination of the deck, a drive mechanism (Shokhin V.N., Lopatin A.G. Gravity methods of enrichment, p.197. M., Nedra, 1993).

The disadvantages of the table are low specific productivity, difficulties in the enrichment of small particles, as well as low separation efficiency in the enrichment of particles with a small difference in density.

Known magnetohydrodynamic separator. This device includes a housing, a cylindrical system, on the surface of which there are permanent magnets on a helix, mounted for rotation inside a magneto-inert pipe, on the outer surface of which a guide is made to move the magnetic fraction of the mixture to the unloading unit, the nozzle for supplying the shared mixture and the removal of the non-magnetic fraction, characterized in that the separator is equipped with a pulsation chamber installed in the housing with a pulse supply pipe, the magnetic system is installed with a slope of respect to the housing, and the discharge unit is formed as a truncated cone with ribs arranged along the generatrix of the cone from the discharge opening (application for invention RF №9910232 / 03, cl. V03S 1/30, publ. 27.10.2000).

The disadvantages of the device are the design complexity, high wear of moving parts, as well as low extraction of dense small particles.

A device is known, taken as a prototype, in which the initial power is supplied to the separation zone, is exposed to vibroflocular ferromagnetic medium, harmonic mechanical vibrations in the horizontal direction, the separation of products according to magnetic susceptibility and density, and the ponderomotive component of the traveling field of the ferromagnetic medium is directed against gravity, and the rotational component - in the direction of discharge of the specific light and ferromagnetic product (AS USSR No. 1026829A, 07/07/1983, B03C 1/0 four).

The main disadvantages of the device are insufficiently high extraction of the smallest minerals, low specific productivity and design complexity.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the extraction of particles, especially small ones, increase the specific productivity and simplify the design of the separator.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a gravielectromagnetic separator containing a movable deck with curls, a tray for receiving power and flushing water, a table drive mechanism, receivers for separation products, an electromagnetic system, according to the invention, the deck is made in the form of a circle that is divided into two or more sectors, each of which has circular arrays with a progressively increasing height from the center to the periphery of the deck, equipped with a high-frequency stepper motor, ensuring its continuous rotation and the supply of counterpulses for the shift of particles in the direction opposite to its rotation, above the surface of which there is a three-phase modular traveling magnetic field inductor.

The inventive device is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a top view of the apparatus. The separator has a drain threshold for unloading the concentrate (1); drain threshold for unloading tails (2) and drain threshold for unloading industrial product (3). Also, the device has a round rotating deck (4) with arifances (5). Power to the deck surface is supplied from the distribution hopper (6). Three-phase modular inductors are located above the deck surface (7).

The number of angular sectors of the table deck can be arbitrary. The number of drain thresholds can also be different and depends on the ultimate task of obtaining different composition of the final separation products. As a rule, there are 3 of them. In particular, the prototype is designed for three types of output products: concentrate, industrial product and tails.

The "rigidity" of the table vibration is provided by a high-frequency stepper motor, which provides continuous rotation of the table in a given direction, while giving kinetic energy to solid particles, as well as centrifugal force for forced movement of the pulp from the center to the periphery. With a predetermined frequency and duty cycle, counter pulses are applied to the drive to shift the particles in the opposite direction to rotation; in this way, the work of the traditional table with the mechanical wings is reproduced, but with significantly greater steepness of the fronts, the counterforce.

Also on the claimed table there is an extension of the trajectory and the corresponding time of deposition of dense fractions in the bed of the table by π times with a constant area of the concentration table (in comparison with the traditional apparatus). Centrifugal force arising from the rotation of the table, firstly, increases its productivity, and secondly, allows you to enrich smaller particles than on the prototype. The specific productivity of the table also increases due to the greater number of corrugations per unit of its surface (in the prototype, a significant part of the surface does not have corrugations and, therefore, does not participate in the separation process).

When installing a stationary linear inductor (one or several) in a local radially directed zone, electromagnetic activation of the ponderomotive forces over the entire separated surface is ensured (in this case, switching of the electromagnetic field is not necessary, since with a circular passage of the pulp surface under the electromagnetic field there will actually be a traveling wave of bed loosening table). The inductor allows you to create a special separation medium on the table surface - vibroflocular medium (the magnetic particles for its creation are either contained in the ore or added to the feed), which has a high density and is characterized by low values of the coefficient of resistance to movement in the medium and the gradient force, which causes mutual clogging concentrate and tails. At the moment of collision with the vibroflocula, the particle energy is extinguished, and it sinks to the bottom. Particularly heavy particles (including very small ones and with a low coefficient of sphericity) under the influence of gravitational force pass through a selectively weighted layer, overcoming the Archimedean force. Specific light particles that collide with a vibroflocula of magnetite grains cannot overcome the action of the Archimedean force, are picked up and moved further by the flow.

The table works as follows: the source food from the distribution sectors is washed to the surface of the table (the amount of water varies depending on the size and density of the material being enriched). A particle located on the table surface is affected by gravity, hydrodynamic pressure of the water flow, centrifugal force, inertia (arising due to the asymmetric motion of the deck), and friction. In addition, under the influence of a traveling magnetic field on its surface there are vibro-floccula. Under the influence of these factors, the particles are stratified in accordance with their density and particle size, then the particles fall into the respective collectors.

This table allows you to enrich smaller particles than the prototype, due to the presence of a centrifugal component and more efficient operation of the inductor, accordingly, the extraction of dense minerals increases. Also, the table has a large specific productivity, because it has more grooves per unit surface, in addition, under the action of centrifugal force, the separation of particles occurs faster. In addition, in the prototype, the area of the field of gravitational deposition and transportation of the solid phase should be 70-80% blocked by a traveling three-phase magnetic field, which makes it necessary to install a very massive and energy-intensive inductor, which also has low manufacturability, very high complexity of manufacturing the inductor and practically zero maintainability. These disadvantages are absent in the claimed design.

For example, the claimed invention was tested on an artificial mixture of tungsten (2%), quartz (85%) and magnetite (13%), the fineness of the material was 0.071 mm. The following results were obtained: yield of a dense product - 14.6%, intermediate - 15.1%, light - 70.3%. The tungsten content in the dense product is 12.4%, in the intermediate - 1.1%, in the light - 0.05%. Extraction in a dense product - 90%, in an intermediate - 8.3%, in a light - 1.7%.

For comparison, on the same mixture on the prototype the following results were obtained: the yield of a dense product - 17.3%, intermediate - 19.6%, light - 63.1%. The tungsten content in the dense product is 9.8%, in the intermediate - 1.8%, in the light - 0.23%. Extraction into a dense product - 77.3%, into an intermediate - 16.1%, into a light - 6.6%.

The performance of the prototype was 17 kg · h / m ^{2 the} surface of the table, and the inventive apparatus 26 kg · h / m ² .

Claims (1)

Gravio-electromagnetic separator containing a movable deck with arrivals, a tray for receiving power and flushing water, a table drive mechanism, receivers for separation products, an electromagnetic system, characterized in that the deck is made in the form of a circle that is divided into two or more sectors, each of which has circular arrays with a progressively increasing height from the center to the periphery of the deck, equipped with a high-frequency stepper motor, providing its continuous rotation and the supply of counter-pulses for moving particles in on systematic way opposite to its rotation, which is located above the surface of the electromagnetic system in the form of a modular three-phase inductor of the running magnetic field.