RU2369442C2 - Liquid sprayer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanics.

SUBSTANCE: proposed liquid sprayer represents hydro pneumatic complex comprising spraying assembly with swirling chamber that has four tangential channels arranged in opposing pairs. Proposed device incorporates shut-off gates and control throttle valves fitted on lines feeding liquid or liquid and gas from tank. Aforesaid channels and nozzle orifice of sprayer assembly feature various cross section ratios and sizes are arranged in replaceable and turn-over plates.

EFFECT: higher-dispersity aerosols, possibility of their qualitative and quantitative regulation in operation of proposed device at various operating and application conditions.

2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for spraying in space and uniformly applying solutions of pesticides and other substances to various surfaces and can be used in veterinary medicine, medicine, everyday life and various sectors of the national economy with the aim of treating animals against sinus and other dangerous insects and ticks, disinfection, disinfection , aerosol therapy and vaccination, paintwork and other works.

Known devices for spraying liquids, such as sprayers of the type "Avtomax", containing a reservoir for sprayed liquid and a spray with a swirl chamber, tangential inlet channels and nozzle outlet [1].

The disadvantage of such devices is the low efficiency of hydraulic spray to obtain the bulk of droplets with a diameter of more than 200 microns.

A device for spraying a liquid that is closer in technical solution is also known, containing a container with liquid and gas above it, a spray nozzle and a mixing chamber with two tangential openings, one of which communicates with the gas cavity of the container [2].

The disadvantage of this device is the low utilization of the energy of the gas flow, which, when tangentially moving in the mixing chamber in the same direction as the liquid, carries it along without ensuring crushing, which occurs only during and after they exit the nozzle of the atomizer. In addition, when using such a device, the ability to change modes and control the quality and direction of the spray is limited.

The aim of the invention is to improve the quality, the possibility of changing the modes of spraying liquids and regulating the dispersion of the resulting aerosols over a wide range so that it is possible to select the optimal sizes of aerosol particles that are most effective against harmful and parasitic insects and mites in different conditions of use, as well as with wider use devices for other purposes.

This is achieved by the fact that in a device for spraying liquids containing a hydropneumatic technological complex including a reservoir for sprayed liquid and compressed gas, a distribution and supply system and a spray unit with a swirl chamber, inlet tangential channels and an outlet nozzle, tangential channels included in swirl chamber, made in pairs and on the counter in the amount of four different ratios along the cross section between each other and with the nozzle hole in the flipped and replaced plates, and in Each of the mains of the liquid and gas distribution and supply system is equipped with three-way valves or shut-off gate valves and shut-off and control throttle valves.

Figure 1 presents the technological diagram of a device for spraying liquids, figure 2 is a section AA in figure 1, figure 3 is a hydraulic spray, figure 4 is a pneumatic spray, figure 5 is an aerosol treatment of animals against sinus from the proposed device.

A device for spraying liquids containing a hydropneumatic technological complex includes a reservoir for sprayed liquid and compressed gas I; liquid and gas distribution and supply system II and atomization unit III.

The reservoir for sprayed liquid and compressed gas, held on the back of the operator with shoulder straps (not shown), contains a cylindrical body 1, a neck 2 with a strainer 3 and a hermetic cover 4. Two nozzles 5 are mounted on the wall of the neck 2 from one side, from the inner ends which to the bottom of the tank pipes 6 are lowered with overlapping coupling valves or three-way valves 7 in the upper part. The external ends of these fittings through hoses 8 with shut-off and regulating throttle valves 9 are connected to the spraying unit III, in which the channels from each hose are led to two directed tangential channels 11 and 12 opposite on the circumference of the swirl chamber 10.

On the other hand, a fitting 13 is mounted in the neck wall 2 for filling the reservoir I with compressed gas or air through a hose 14 with a pressure gauge 15 and a spool check valve or shut-off valve 16 fixed to it.

The proposed spray device operates as follows.

The amount of working fluid required for spraying is poured into the reservoir I through the neck 2 with a strainer 3.

For tangential hydraulic spraying of fluid, coupling valves 7 block the lateral openings in the upper part of both nozzles 6 immersed in the fluid to the bottom of the tank I. The latter is hermetically wrapped with a cap 4 and filled with compressed gas or air through a hose 14 with an auto pump, compressor, or gas cylinder (for example, with carbon dioxide).

When one of the shut-off-control valves 9 of the device thus prepared is opened, the liquid under gas pressure flows through one hose into only two opposite tangential channels 11, which give it a strong vortex movement, providing a wide torch, on one circumference of the swirl chamber 10. fine spray.

When you open the second shut-off and control valve, the fluid begins to flow into the other two tangential channels 12, oppositely directed around the circumference of the swirl chamber 10, as a result of which the vortex movement of the fluid in it slows down, and the spray torch becomes narrower, coarse and long-range.

For pneumatic spraying of liquid, the lateral openings in the upper part are closed with a coupling valve or a three-way valve 7 on only one nozzle 6 immersed in the liquid to the bottom of the tank I. On the second nozzle, these openings are left open. Pour liquid, tightly wrap the lid and fill the tank with compressed gas or air, as described above.

With the simultaneous opening of both shut-off and control valves 9 in this case, the liquid flows only through two opposite tangential channels 11 in one direction around the circumference, and compressed gas or air flows through the other two channels 12 in the opposite direction, as a result of which the liquid is still in the swirl chamber crushed into small droplets, which, flying out under pressure through the nozzle, cause vibration of it and the surrounding air and are even more dispersed.

The performance (by the flow rate of the sprayed liquid) and the spray quality (torch shape and dispersion) in the proposed device are controlled directly during its operation by the corresponding rotation of shut-off and control valves that increase or decrease the flow of liquid and gas. In addition, the spray mode is set before using the device with a different position or by replacing plates with tangential channels and a nozzle hole of different ratios and sizes in the nozzle or changing the overlap of the holes in the upper part of the nozzles 6 with coupling valves or three-way valves 7.

The range of regulation of the mass-median median diameter of the droplets obtained by hydraulic spraying of the proposed device (figure 3) is 60-600 microns, and obtained by pneumatic spraying (figure 4) - 6-80 microns. Animals are treated against gnats and other insects, bypassing the herd on the windward side. At the same time, the dispersion of the resulting aerosol is regulated depending on the wind strength (Fig. 5).

Information sources

1. Portable sprayers with manual transmission. General specifications. GOST 22999-88. Moscow, Goskomstandart of the USSR.

2. USSR patent No. 700050, M. cl. ² , B05B 11/04. Bulletin No. 43 of November 25, 79

Claims (2)

1. A device for spraying liquids in the form of a hydropneumatic technological complex, including a container for sprayed liquid and compressed gas, a distribution and supply system, and a spray unit with a swirl chamber, tangential inlet channels and nozzle exit, characterized in that, in order to improve quality spraying, regulation over a wide range of dispersion of the resulting aerosols under different application conditions, the tangential channels entering the swirl chamber are made in pairs in the amount of four. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to change the spraying modes, control the dispersion and directivity of the resulting aerosols, three-way valves or shut-off butterfly valves and shut-off and control throttle valves are sequentially installed in two highways of the liquid and gas distribution and supply system and the tangential channels and the nozzle hole of the spray unit of different ratios and sizes along the cross section are made in reversible and replaceable plates.

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