RU2368136C1 - Underwater farm for seafood cultivation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: underwater farm includes net cages installed on frame having positive buoyancy and submerging apparatus including hawses, anchor wires, anchors, large-diametre drums, small-diametre drum and rigid pulleys installed on the upper part of the frame. Drums are fixed rigidly on frame-supported shaft capable to rotate on bearings. In addition submerging apparatus includes cable-supported load kinematically connected by means of cable to small-diametre drum, one end of cable being fixed and partly wound on small-diametre drum and another end of cable being fixed to load. One end of anchor wire is fixed to large-diametre drum and the other end is fixed to anchor. Large-diametre drums are kinematically connected by means of corresponding anchor wires with the help of corresponding rigid pulleys and hawses to corresponding anchors. Load is kinematically connected by means of cable to small-diametre drum through corresponding rigid pulley. M≥N+K, where M - number of rigid pulleys, N - number of additional large-diametre drums, and K - number of loads.

EFFECT: such structure ensures convenient operation, simplified design and deepening of farm submerging.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of fish farming and can be used for growing and storing various seafood in a natural habitat.

Known underwater farms (PF) for similar purposes, containing a hull, volumes of positive buoyancy, permanent anchors connected using braces to the fastening nodes of braces. There are also flexible elements with negative buoyancy, laying on the bottom when deepening the truss and floats with guy wires. The length of braces with floats remains unchanged. The floats are used to sample slack guy wires when deepening the farm / RF Patent No. 2105471, cl. A01K 61/00, 1998; author testimonial. USSR No. 1489673, class A01K 61/00, 1989 /.

A disadvantage of known PFs is the complexity of their design, limited immersion depth in a natural reservoir, siltation of flexible elements with negative buoyancy and, as a consequence, the need to increase the lifting force of flexible elements, as well as the high complexity when setting the farm to a regular place in the water area and the large size of PF.

Known PF for growing seafood, adopted as a prototype, containing net cages and several immersion devices (UP) mounted on a positive buoyancy frame, each of which includes a clus, a guy line, an anchor and two drums of small and large diameters, respectively, rigidly fixed to a shaft supported on the frame with the possibility of rotation in bearings, as well as a load suspended on a rope and kinematically connected by a rope to a drum of small diameter, while one end of the rope is fixed and partially wound on a bar ban small diameter, and the other is mounted on the load, one of the ends of procrastination is attached to the drum of larger diameter, and the other - to the anchor / RF patent №2303353, cl. A01K 61/00, 2007, version 2 /.

The disadvantages of the prototype are the shallow depth of the PF, the complexity of its operation and the complexity of its design. Shallow depth of immersion is associated with a limited amount of vertical movement of the load, at the same frame height, and the complexity of operation and the complexity of the design is associated with the use of several UE to ensure a stable position of the FS.

The technical result obtained from the implementation of the invention is to ensure ease of use, simplifying the design and increasing the depth of immersion of the farm.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the well-known underwater farm for growing seafood, containing net cages and an immersion device installed on a positive buoyancy frame, including a clutch, a guy, an anchor and two drums, respectively, of small and large diameters, rigidly fixed to a shaft supported by on the frame with the possibility of rotation in bearings, a load suspended on a rope and kinematically connected by a rope to a drum of small diameter, while one end of the rope is fixed and h It is astically wound on a drum of small diameter, and the other is mounted on the load, with one of the ends of the guy attached to the drum of large diameter and the other to the anchor, the immersion device additionally contains fixed blocks located in the upper part of the frame, additional drums of large diameter, closures , braces and anchors, while the large-diameter drums are rigidly fixed to the shaft and kinematically connected by means of the corresponding braces using the respective fixed blocks and closures with the corresponding anchors, the load is kinematically connected via a rope to a small-diameter drum through the corresponding fixed block, with M≥N + K, where M is the number of fixed blocks, N is the number of additional large-diameter drums, and K is the number of loads.

In addition, the suspended load is connected with a drum of small diameter by means of a rope, the length of which is set by the immersion depth of the truss.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 presents in a perspective view a General view of the PF, figure 2, 3 schematically shows the PF and UP.

The farm contains (figure 1, 2) net cages 1, mounted on the frame 2, and UP, including clams 3 and fixed blocks 4. There are also braces 5 and anchors 6.

The PF immersion device (Fig. 3) also includes drums of large 7.7 ^I and small 8 diameters, rigidly fixed to shaft 9, load 10, fixed block 11 and rope 12.

The number of additional drums 7 ^{I of} large diameter, made with grooves, in the General case, may be N, where N = 1, 2, 3 .... The number of braces, the number of clots, the number of anchors and the number of drums of large diameter should be the same.

The drive UP when deepening the frame 2 with cages 1 PF is one fairly heavy load 10, suspended on a strong rope 12 through a stationary strong block 11, while the rope 12 is partially wound on a drum 8 of small diameter.

However, for the convenience of assembly and operation of the PF, the load 10 can be made of several lighter loads 10 ₁ ... 10 _k (the number of which, in the general case, is K), suspended on less strong blocks 11 ₁ ... 11 k using less strong ropes 12 ₁ ... 12 _k to a drum of small diameter made with grooves 8 ₁ ... 8 _{k of the} same diameter for winding the corresponding ropes 12 (in figure 3 K = 2). Thus, the number of loads 10 and the number of ropes 12 should be the same, the number of additional drums 7 ^{I of} large diameter is N, and the sum of the fixed blocks 4 and 11 is M. Moreover, M is N + K or more than this amount.

The drums 7, 7 ^{I of a} large diameter are kinematically connected by means of the corresponding guy wires 5 with the help of the corresponding fixed blocks 4 and locks 3 with the corresponding anchors 6 (Figs. 2, 3). The drums 7, 7 ^I can be combined into one or more separate drums equipped with grooves of the same diameter for winding (winding) braces 5.

The drum 8 of small diameter is kinematically connected through the corresponding rope 12 through the corresponding block 11 with the corresponding load 10. Moreover, the stationary block 11 is located in the upper part of the frame 2 PF to increase the vertical movement of the load 10 and, consequently, increase the nominal value of the depth of the PF.

PF works as follows.

After assembling the PF, it is anchored 6 in a given area of the natural reservoir. Net cages 1 are filled with fry of farmed seafood. In this case, the frame 2 is afloat.

On the surface of the natural reservoir, the frame 2 with cages 1 is held, for example, using containers of positive buoyancy (not shown in the drawings).

Constantly acting moments on drums 7.7 ^I and drum 8 with a fixed frame 2 with cages 1 balance each other. To immerse the frame 2 with cages 1, it is necessary to create a condition under which the effective moment from the load 10 through the rope 12 to the drum 8 of small diameter should be greater than the moment acting from the positive buoyancy force PF through guy wires 5 to the drums 7, 7 ^{I of} large diameter. When the frame 2 with cages 1 ascends to the surface of a natural reservoir, it is necessary to create a condition under which the effective moment on the drums 7.7 ^{I of} large diameter should be greater than the moment acting on the drum 8 of small diameter.

To deepen the frame 2 with cages 1, by remote command, tanks for changing buoyancy (not shown in the drawings) are filled with water. At the same time, the positive buoyancy of the PF and the acting moment on the drums of 7.7 ^{I are} reduced. The load 10 (or loads 10 ₁ ... 10 _k ) is lowered, winding the rope 12 (or ropes 12 ₁ ... 12 _K ) from the drum 8 (or its grooves 8 ₁ ... 8 _K ) of small diameter. The resulting torque is transmitted through the shaft 9 to the drums 7.7 ^{I of} large diameter. In this case, the corresponding guy wires 5 are wound on the corresponding grooves

drums 7.7 ^I.

The load 10, winding the rope 12 from the drum 8, will stop. Frame 2 with the cages 1 will also stop, since the moments acting on the reels 7, 7 ¹ and 8 will be balanced. In this case, the function of the limiter for moving the load 10 is performed by the rope 12, the length of which is set by the PF immersion depth.

To raise the frame 2 with cages 1, at a remote command, the water is displaced by gas from the tanks to change the buoyancy. In this case, the effective moment on the drums 7.7 ^{I of} large diameter will increase, since the positive buoyancy of the frame 2 with the cages 1 will increase to a value sufficient to lift the frame 2 with the cages 1 to the surface of the natural reservoir. In the process of lifting the rope 12 will be wound on a drum 8 of small diameter and lift the load 10 to its original position. Moreover, guy wires 5 will be wound under tension from the grooves of the drums 7.7 ^{I of} large diameter.

The load 10 will rise until the frame 2 with cages 1 floats to the surface of the natural reservoir and the acting moments on the drums 7,7 ^I and 8 are not balanced.

Thus, in comparison with the prototype, such an implementation of the UE allows to increase the depth of immersion of the PF, at the same height of the UE and to exclude the setting of several immersion devices on the farm, thereby simplifying the design and conditions of its operation, which achieves the technical result.

Claims (2)

1. An underwater farm for growing seafood, containing net cages mounted on a frame of positive buoyancy and an immersion device including a claw, pulling rod, anchor and two drums, respectively, of small and large diameters, rigidly fixed to a shaft supported by a frame with the possibility of rotation in bearings, and also the load suspended on the rope and kinematically connected by means of a rope to a drum of small diameter, while one end of the rope is fixed and partially wound on a drum of small diameter, and the other is fixed on g uz, and one of the ends of the guy is attached to the drum of large diameter, and the other to the anchor, characterized in that the immersion device further comprises fixed blocks located in the upper part of the frame, additional drums of large diameter, closures, braces and anchors, while the drums large diameters are rigidly fixed to the shaft and kinematically connected by means of appropriate braces with the help of corresponding fixed blocks and closures with corresponding anchors, and the load is kinematically connected by a rope Small diameter drum through the respective stationary unit, wherein M≥N + K, where M - the number of fixed blocks, N - number of additional reels of large diameter, and K - number of goods. 2. Underwater farm according to claim 1, characterized in that the suspended load is connected with a drum of small diameter by means of a rope, the length of which is set by the immersion depth of the farm.

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