RU2355661C1 - Ceramic crushed stone production line - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to manufacture of artificial crushed stone used for road construction from clay, and mainly fusible raw material. Ceramic crushed stone production line consists of the following that is installed in series: clay raw material preparation and treatment equipment, vacuum press with a shaping element arranged at the outlet thereof, airbrick crosscutting device, automatic airbrick separation machine, drier, calcinator, mechanisms of crushing and dispersion into fractions, and finished products storage area. Shaping element is made in the form of a nozzle with a set of cores, in the face of which there mounted is a frame with projections uniformly distributed along the perimetre of its inner outline, and vertical strings fixed thereon. Drier and calcinator are slot-type with common heating and ventilation system; at that between drier and calcinator there installed is a laying device.

EFFECT: improving density, strength and cold resistance, and reducing water absorption ability of items, eliminating particulate emission, improving the processing rate, as well as producing ceramic crushed stone of various granulometric compositions in one production line.

3 dwg

Description

The proposed technical solution relates to the production of artificial crushed stone for road construction from clay, mainly fusible, raw materials.

A known production line for the production of agloporite gravel, including a conveyor system and equipment for the preparation and processing of a charge, a plate granulator-former of raw material, a roller stacker, a belt sintering machine-unit for heat treatment of raw materials, a splitting device, a single-shaft crusher, and grate , two-roll crusher, gravel sorting, bunker of finished products [1].

When using finished products in road construction, requirements are made mainly for its strength under shock, abrasion and particle size distribution, which should provide the necessary filtration of the ballast layer of the road surface.

Known technological line for the production of ceramdor - artificial crushed stone. It includes sequentially installed equipment for the preparation and processing of clay raw materials to obtain the optimum mass, a vacuum press with a forming element at its outlet, a raw cross-cutting device, a conveyor dryer, a rotary kiln, crushing, dispersion into fractions and a finished product warehouse [2 ].

The disadvantage of this production line is its low productivity and unsatisfactory quality of crushed stone, significant dust emission during drying and firing, and the inability to obtain products on one production line that meet all the quality requirements.

The problem to be solved when developing a technological line for the production of ceramic crushed stone is to improve the quality of the finished product, improve the environmental conditions for the production of crushed stone of various particle sizes, depending on the requirements of the customer.

The technical result of the proposed production line is to increase the density, strength, frost resistance, reduce water absorption of the finished product, eliminate dust emission in the production process, increase its productivity, as well as obtain ceramic gravel of different particle size distribution on the same production line.

The specified technical result is also achieved by the fact that the production line for the production of ceramic crushed stone, containing sequentially installed equipment for the preparation and processing of clay raw materials to obtain a feed mass of optimal moisture and a homogeneous structure, a vacuum press with a forming element at its outlet, a raw cross-cutting device , dryer, kiln, crushing mechanisms, dispersion into fractions and finished products warehouse, in accordance with the proposed technical solution about it is equipped with a raw material sliding machine installed behind its transverse cutting device, the forming element is made in the form of a mouthpiece with a set of cores, in the end of which a frame is mounted with protrusions evenly distributed around the perimeter of its inner contour, and strings vertically mounted on it, a dryer and a kiln made slotted with a single heating and ventilation system, while a stacking device is installed between the dryer and the kiln.

Using the mouthpiece of a special design in the proposed production line allows raw blocks to be formed, consisting of parts in the form of hollow beams adjacent to each other, which improves the environmental conditions of production by eliminating dust during drying and roasting of the semi-finished product.

The installation in the processing line of an automatic machine for extending raw materials (hollow beams) behind the mechanism for transverse cutting of raw materials into blocks, as well as a slot dryer and a slot furnace with a single heating and ventilation system, increases the productivity of this line and, at the same time, the quality of ceramic crushed stone produced.

Figure 1 presents a General diagram of a technological line for the manufacture of ceramic crushed stone.

Figure 2 shows the forming element of the processing line.

Figure 3 shows the frame of the forming element.

In accordance with the general scheme depicted in figure 1, the production line contains sequentially installed equipment for preparing 1 and processing 2 clay raw materials to obtain a clay mass of optimal humidity and a homogeneous structure, including, depending on the methods of its preparation (plastic or dry), a set means known for this purpose, a vacuum press 3, at the outlet of which a forming element with a mouthpiece 4 is placed, a cross cutting device 5 for raw material into blocks, an automatic raw material sliding machine 6, a slotted dryer 7, a laying machine th device 8, a crevice kiln 9, a single heating and ventilation system 10, crushing mechanisms 11 and dispersion into fractions (screen) 12, the finished product warehouse 13.

Presented in figure 2, the forming element is made in the form of a mouthpiece 4, equipped with a box 14 with a set of cores 15. A frame 16 is mounted at the end of the mouthpiece 4 (Fig. 3), having protrusions 17 uniformly distributed around the perimeter of its inner contour. On the frame 16, the strings 18 are vertically fixed, performing the function of a cutting organ, which allows the formation of raw material in the form of hollow beams.

The technological line works as follows.

Clay, which serves as raw material in the production of ceramic crushed stone, is fed from the quarry to the preparation equipment 1, then sent to the processing equipment 2 of the raw material mass, where it is processed using a set of special known means to obtain a clay mass of optimal moisture content and a homogeneous structure. The prepared and processed clay mass is fed into a vacuum press 3, in which this mass is first evacuated in order to improve its molding and strength properties, thereby reducing rejects during molding of coarse-grained ceramic gravel. Then this mass is pressed through the mouthpiece 4 located at the outlet of the vacuum press, in which it flows around the set of cores 15 contained in the box 14, and then the forming frame 16 with the protrusions 17, the strings 18 and leaves the mouthpiece 4 in the form of extended adjacent to each other to a friend of hollow beams with longitudinal grooves evenly distributed on their surface. With a cross cutting device 5 of raw material, the hollow beams are cut into pieces to form blocks. The chopped blocks are sent to the machine 6 sliding raw (hollow beams), through which the hollow beams of the blocks are moved apart in a horizontal direction and are fed in this position to the slotted dryer 7. The dried and cut into pieces raw is then sent to the stacking device 8, where after its single-row laying raw in the form of extended hollow beams is fed into a slit kiln 9, heated by a heating-ventilation system 10, common with a slit dryer 7. Further, the calcined semi-finished ceramic of which crushed stone is sent to the crushing mechanism 11, where it is crushed, and then this dispersion mechanism is divided into fractions (screen) 12, the crushed parts are sieved, followed by the direction of the ceramic crushed stone to the finished product warehouse 13.

The proposed technical solution is industrially applicable and can be used in the manufacture of ceramic gravel for road construction with the implementation of fairly simple conditions for the production process.

Information sources

1. Rogovoy M.I. Technology of artificial porous aggregates and ceramics. M .: STROYIZDAT, 1974, p.142.

2. Methodological recommendations on the production technology of ceramdor for use in pavement designs. M .: 1972, SUZDORNII, 1974, p.16, 17.

Claims (1)

A technological line for the production of ceramic crushed stone, containing successively installed equipment for the preparation and processing of clay raw materials, a vacuum press with a forming element at its outlet, a raw cross-cutting device, a dryer, a kiln, crushing mechanisms, dispersion into fractions and a finished product warehouse, characterized in that it is equipped with an automatic sliding machine installed behind the transverse cutting device, the forming element is made in the form of a mouthpiece with a set of cores new, in the end of which a frame is mounted with protrusions evenly distributed around the perimeter of its inner contour and strings vertically fixed on it, the dryer and the kiln are made slotted with a single heating and ventilation system, while a stacking device is installed between the dryer and the kiln.

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