RU2354582C1 - Axial fan-propeller - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: instrument making.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to fan making. Axial fan-propeller comprises drive (1), device that realises reversal of coaxial shafts, central shaft (10) installed inside hollow shaft (8) with inlet blade reverse-screw (12). Central shaft is equipped with a row of central blade screws (13) with intervals, where in bearings (14) hollow reverse-screws (15) are installed and connected to each other and to inlet blade reverse-screw by means of superchargers (16) of aerodynamic profile.

EFFECT: invention provides for expansion of functional resources with simultaneous reduction of dimensions.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to fan building, mainly to fans that create traction, for example, to air motors.

Known axial fans containing rotor blades as injection or suction elements - MP Kalinushkin, "Pumps and fans", M. 1987, axial fan according to Russian patent No. 2295653, class. F04D 19/00 and others. Known fans forcing oncoming air flows - Russian patent No. 2002117, class. F04D 7/16, 2001 Blade screws are known to be used in various combinations as vehicle propulsors, it being determined that unidirectional blade coils mounted coaxially do not give a positive effect, while multidirectional blade screws in the same conditions rotated in opposite directions, significantly increase traction - A.M. Mkhitaryan, "Aerodynamics", Engineering, M., 1980. It is known, for example, that single-rotor helicopters like "Mi-1", "Mi-2" with the same loads have the planned area of the rotors, significantly larger than twin-rotor helicopters of the type "Ka-18" or "Ka-26", made according to the coaxial scheme with the main rotors rotating in the opposite direction.

Since the inventive axial fan-mover adjacent screws rotate in opposite directions, the closest analogue adopted for the prototype is the traction mover, widely used in aviation - B.K. Gusev, V.F.Dokin, "Fundamentals of aviation", Transport, M. 1982. Such a coaxial traction propeller with bladed screws is equipped with a special mechanism that allows coaxially mounted screws to rotate in opposite directions, which in this case have a smaller diameter. However, in any known designs of axial fan-propulsors, only one pair of oppositely rotating coaxial screws can be structurally used, which limits the reduction in size.

The aim of the present invention is the creation of an axial fan-propulsion with an unlimited number of pairs of coaxial rotor blades rotating in opposite directions, which greatly increases the pressure at small dimensions and makes it possible to use it as a mover of vehicles.

To achieve this goal, the central shaft located inside the hollow shaft carrying the input rotor reverse screw is equipped with a series of central rotor screws at intervals, in which the bearings have reverse rotor screws of the opposite direction, connected to each other and to the input reverse screw by aerodynamic blowers profile, and reversing gears have output shafts for independent drive.

1, an axial fan motor is schematically shown in axial section. Arrows indicate the direction of air flow.

Figure 2 is a cross section along "aa" in figure 1. The arrows show the direction of rotation of the central rotor blades and rotor reverse screws and the suction of air by the vacuum created by the superchargers of the aerodynamic profile.

Figure 3 shows a vehicle with a compound propulsion. They can be installed two or more.

The axial fan-mover consists of a drive 1, which can be either the engine itself or its intermediate mechanism 2, the housing 3 of the device for reversing coaxial shafts, with a central gear 4, reversing gears 5 with shafts 6, a reversible gear 7, equipped with a hollow shaft 8 , which is supported by bearings 9. Inside the hollow shaft, a central shaft 10 with bearings 11 passes. An input blade reverse screw 12 is rigidly mounted on the hollow shaft 12. Central rotor blades are rigidly mounted on the central shaft at intervals screws 13. In the intervals between the central rotor blades on the bearings 14 are placed rotary reverse screws 15, combined with the input rotary blade screw by the aerodynamic profile blowers 16 into the rotor. The blades are deployed so that a unidirectional air flow is created. The axial fan-mover can be closed by a casing with the guides of the blinds 17. The axial fan-mover can be used both as a separate module and as a set of similar modules forming the compound propulsion shown in Fig. 3 as a vehicle propulsion . Here, the devices 18, carrying out the reversal of the coaxial shafts, are installed in a series of modules of the axial fan-propulsors 19 and are interconnected by the shafts 6 through the cardan shafts 20. The traction axial fan-propeller 21 with the device 22, which reverses the coaxial shafts, is connected by the shaft 6 through a coupling 23 with one of the supporting modules having a drive 2 from a vehicle engine. The compound mover can be equipped with a common protective casing with shutters 24, and the vehicle is equipped with a shock absorber 25 in the form of inflatable balloons and a skirt of the airbag chamber 26 of elastic corrugated material.

The axial fan-mover works, that is, it creates traction, according to the well-known principle of propeller propulsion. The use of more power with a smaller propelled area of the screw is achieved due to the operation of the blades in oncoming air flows. When the drive shaft is turned on, the central gear 4 and its central shaft 10 with central blade screws 13, reversible gears 5 and a reversible gear 7 with a hollow shaft 8 and an input reverse screw 12. rotate. reverse screws 15, rotates the entire rotor of the blade reverse screws. The Central rotor blades 13 in the area of the rotor have smaller diameters, that is, counter rotation is carried out. As you know, the rotation of the rotor blade leads to the associated rotation of the air bundle. That is, a coaxially placed blade screw of the same direction will rotate in a passing jet without creating traction. But if the coaxial screw rotates in the opposite direction, it seems to double the speed and, accordingly, the thrust. Moving further along the axis of the axial fan-propulsion, the air flow accelerates many times. The superchargers of the aerodynamic profile have a blade shape, therefore, when the rotor of the blade reversing screws rotates, they rake in the air, aspirating it through the blinds 17.

The axial fan-mover can be used both as an individual mover for driving a sleigh, boat, balloon, paraglider, hang glider, bicycle, etc., and in the form of a compound machine, as shown in figure 3. This is an amphibious all-terrain vehicle. Preferably, two such compound propulsors mounted on the sides of the vehicle enable the driver, by manipulating the couplers 23, to move widely through air, snow, ice, water, and the like. The connection of the axial fan-propulsors through the shafts 6 by the cardan shafts 20 makes it possible to use one engine and ensure compactness.

Claims (2)

1. An axial fan-propulsion device comprising a drive, a device for reversing coaxial shafts, a central shaft located inside a hollow shaft with an input rotary reverse screw, characterized in that the central shaft is equipped with a number of central blade screws at intervals in which the bearings are mounted bladed reverse screws connected to each other and to the input rotor blade by aerodynamic profile superchargers. 2. The axial fan-propulsion device according to claim 1, characterized in that the reversing gears of the device for reversing the coaxial shafts are provided with shafts for independent drive.

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