RU2353534C1 - Axle box assembly (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engineering industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to railroad transport, and namely to axle box assemblies with ball bearings of rolling-stock wheel pairs. According to the first version, axle box assembly consists of a casing with a cover plate, and labyrinth sealing, which are installed on ball bearing axle journal, and an attachable ring whereto adjoined is a plate washer fixed on the axle journal with bolts. Connection "plate washer-axle journal" is preloaded. Preload value is chosen so that shear force of plate washer from the axis is not less than total bolt tightening force. According to the second version, plate washer is installed on axle journal with preload, and has annular projection the end surface of which bears against the front bearing.

EFFECT: providing fixed connection "plate washer-axle journal", uniform distribution of stresses, and decreasing attachment bolts stresses.

4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to railway transport, in particular to axle boxes with rolling bearings of wheel pairs of rolling stock.

In existing axle boxes with washer end bearings, loosening of the bolts holding the washer takes place.

The axle box assembly is known (see A.S. No. 1451060), in which an elastic element (ring) mounted in the groove of the washer is used as a limiter of vibrations of a disk washer in the vertical plane.

The disadvantage of this design is that the presence of an elastic element complicates the design of the part and causes a decrease in reliability due to the possible loss of elastic properties or destruction of the elastic element.

Also known is the design of the axle box assembly in which the rear and front roller bearings are mounted on the neck of the axis, the front one having an attached ring. Bearings are prevented from axial movements by the fact that a disk washer rests on the end ring, bolted to the end of the axle neck. The disk washer is mounted on the axis with a clearance. The entire structure is housed in a housing with a cover (prototype, see "Instructions for the operation and repair of carriage axle boxes with roller bearings." Ministry of Railways of the Russian Federation, 2001, p. 16; E.A. Mazurov, I.P. Poznyakov "Manual a wagon maintenance technician. ”Transport Publishing House, 1990, p. 121).

This design is the closest to the proposed and selected as a prototype.

The disadvantage of this design, as well as the analogue, is that in operating conditions, in addition to the constant force arising from tightening by the normalized moment, the axial forces act on the bolts of the end fastening, which, when applied, can exceed the yield strength of the material of the bolts, which leads to a weakening of their force tightening and end fixing in general. This reduces the reliability and durability of the axle box assembly.

The present invention solves the problem of increasing the operational reliability and durability of the axle box assembly, which helps to improve the safety of train traffic.

At the same time, the following technical result is achieved: the immobility of the “disk washer - axis neck” connection is ensured, the stress distribution is uniform, the stresses in the fixing bolts are reduced.

To achieve this technical result, in the axle box assembly containing a housing with a cover, a labyrinth seal, rolling bearings mounted on the neck of the axis, an attachment ring to which the disk washer is attached, bolted to the axis of the axle, the connection “disk washer - axis neck” has an interference fit, moreover, the magnitude of the interference fit is selected so that the shear force of the disk washer from the axis is not less than the total bolt tightening force.

In the second embodiment, the specified technical result in the implementation of the invention is achieved by the fact that in the well-known axle box comprising a housing with a cover, a labyrinth seal, rolling bearings mounted on the neck of the axis, an attachment ring and a disk washer are made in one piece in the form of a common part - a disk washer with an annular protrusion, the end of which abuts against the front bearing.

For the convenience of installation, dismantling, the disk washer can be equipped with a technological collar.

Signs that distinguish the proposed axle box assembly from the closest known to it are the presence of interference in the "disk washer - axis neck" connection provided by the difference in the diameters of the connection seats.

Signs that distinguish the second option - the disk washer has an annular protrusion, the end of which abuts against the front bearing, is installed on the journal of the axis with interference, and the magnitude of the interference in this embodiment will be less due to the increase in the area of the press connection “disk washer - journal of the axis”. In this case, the structure is simplified, the number of parts and joints between the elements to be contracted is reduced, the assembly accuracy is increased, and the technical result described above is also ensured.

The set of essential features allows to reduce the voltage in the bolts securing the disk washer by eliminating the impact of vertical and variable axial forces on them, to balance the entire spectrum of variable axial loads, which will increase the operational reliability and durability of the mechanical end bearing of the axle box bearings, which means a significant increase train traffic safety.

Distinctive features are new and meet the criterion of "novelty." In the study of other known solutions in this area, the features that distinguish the claimed solution were not identified, which ensures the invention meets the criterion of "inventive step".

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 and figure 2 shows two options for the execution of the axle box.

The axle box assembly for equipping the wheelsets of the rolling stock (Fig. 1) consists of a housing 1 with a cover 2, a labyrinth seal 3 mounted on the neck of the axis 5 of the rolling bearings 4, an attachment ring 6 to which the disk washer 7 is attached, mounted on the neck of the axis 5 bolts 8.

In the axle box assembly, it is possible to install a disk washer 7 and an attachment ring 6 in the combined version (Fig. 2), where the disk washer 7 and the attachment ring 6 are made in one piece in the form of a common part - a disk washer 7, having an annular protrusion, the end of which abuts against front bearing The dish washer can be made with a shoulder 9 for ease of mounting and dismounting from the axle neck during axle box repairs.

In both cases, the preload value is selected so that the shear force of the disk washer 7 from axis 5 is not less than the total bolt tightening force.

During operation of the axle box assembly, the entire spectrum of variable axial loads will be balanced by the friction force of the press connection of the disk washer 7 and the neck of the axis 5, and the bolts 8 will be loaded only with a constant force arising from their tightening with a normalized moment. The action on the bolts 8 of any vertical forces is also excluded.

The set of essential features is not known from the prior art, which meets the criterion of "novelty", and for specialists it does not explicitly follow from the prior art, which indicates the compliance of the invention with the criterion of "inventive step."

Currently, the claimed invention has developed design documentation.

Claims (4)

1. An axle box assembly comprising a housing with a cover, a labyrinth seal, rolling bearings mounted on the neck of the axis, an attachment ring to which the disk washer is attached, bolted to the axis of the axle, characterized in that the "disk washer - axis neck" connection has an interference fit, moreover, the magnitude of the interference fit is selected so that the shear force of the disk washer from the axis is not less than the total bolt tightening force. 2. The axle box assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that the disk washer is equipped with a technological shoulder. 3. An axle box assembly comprising a housing with a cover, a labyrinth seal, rolling bearings mounted on the axis of the axis, a disk washer bolted to the axis of the axis, characterized in that the disk washer is mounted on the axis neck with an interference fit and has an annular protrusion, the end of which abuts against front bearing 4. The axle box assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that the disk washer is equipped with a technological shoulder.

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