RU2345925C1 - Sea platform for launching rockets and method of preparation of rocket for launching - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: sea platform for launching rockets includes platform basement installed on securing supports, container for rocket storage in horizontal position, service mast, launching table with orifice for exhaust gases outlet and jet deflector under it. Container for rocket storage in horizontal position is multi-sectional with capability of telescopic shifting of sections from lunching table along longitudinal axis. Method of preparation of rocket for launching includes its assembly in horizontal position, raising to vertical position, and setting on lunching table. Each stage of rocket is transported to sea platform on separate section, stages are discharged, sections are connected with each other as bogies inside container for rocket storage in horizontal position. Stages of rocket are connected, container sections are shifted aside from a lunching table and lifting of rocket together with bogie is performed, bogie is lowered after rocket is set in vertical position.

EFFECT: acceleration of rocket launching and decrease of harmful impact of jet gas on construction and equipment of platform.

9 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to techniques for launching launch vehicles from marine vessels.

The invention improves the reliability of launching a launch vehicle from a surface marine vessel by reducing the impact on the structural elements and equipment of the platform of the gas-dynamic jet of rocket engines and the steam generated during the evaporation of sea water.

Known rocket launcher complex according to the patent of the Russian Federation for the invention No. 2097675, containing removable sliding launcher platforms, movable along the rail guides of the launch structure. Across the flue, a bridge was made in which the auto-joints of electrical communications and fueling communications are located.

The disadvantage is that only land-based such complexes are possible, at best on the banks of a small body of water: a river or a lake.

Numerous methods and devices for launching missiles from ships, submarines and offshore platforms are known.

For example, there is a known platform for launching missiles from marine vessels according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2131375, which contains a launch pad with a gas reflector mounted on the base of the platform. Under the table there is a pneumatic means for detaching the rocket from the launch pad at the initial launch stage.

Despite the fact that the objective of the creation of this invention was to reduce the time of exposure of the gas-dynamic jet of rocket engines to the base of the platform, the exposure time was 1.6 s, which is unacceptable under safety conditions. This time should be extremely reduced, because the impact on the platform equipment of high-temperature products of combustion and superheated steam formed during the evaporation of sea water can lead to damage or a reduction in the service life.

A known method of launching missiles weighing up to 100 tonnes developed on the basis of submarine ballistic missiles, in which launch is carried out from submarine mines (PL), Russian missile weapons, 1943-1993. Handbook edited by A. Karpenko - SPb .: PIKA Ltd, 1993. In the known method of launching, the launch vehicle is accelerated by the piston mine using the piston force generated by the launching device, and after the rocket leaves the mine, the first stage engines are ignited.

A known method of launching a rocket and a device for its implementation from submarines according to US patent N 3182554, NKI 89-1.7, 1965. In the known method, a rocket centered relative to the launch tube of the launch shaft of the submarine is dispersed in the launch tube using a vapor-gas mixture formed when passage of an exhaust stream of solid fuel charge gases through a water chamber. The vapor-gas mixture is fed into the lower part of the pipe under the rocket shutter. After the rocket leaves the water, they turn on the ignition of the rocket engines.

A disadvantage of the known devices is that they assume relatively high stiffness and strength characteristics of missiles. At the same time, these rockets can deliver into the orbit of 200 km altitude only 0.1-0.43 ton-payloads, i.e. their capabilities in this sense are limited.

There is a known method of launching missiles weighing more than 100 tf, in which missiles are launched from a launch pad with a gas reflector on first-stage engines. At the same time, separation from the launch pad occurs at the time of the design rocket thrust set. This method involves less high rigidity characteristics of missiles. At the same time, such missiles have wider capabilities for delivering payloads to Earth orbit.

The closest set of features to the proposed device is a device for launching a launch vehicle from a sea vessel, which is carried out by the device according to patent application of Great Britain N 2172247, IPC ⁴ B63B 35/02, 1986

The missile is launched from a sea vessel, for example, a modified tanker equipped with a launch pad with a gas reflector. The method includes installing and securing a rocket on a launch pad with a gas deflector and then turning on the first stage engine.

However, the known launch method for missiles, which are distinguished by a high thrust-to-weight ratio at the start, determines the long-time gas-dynamic effect of the flame of the jet on the launch pad of the vessel, which objectively reduces the reliability of launching rockets under these conditions in comparison with ground launch. First of all, this is due to a violation of the dynamic equilibrium of the system, including the vessel and the rocket, from the moment the ignition of the first-stage engines is turned on and until the rocket comes off the launch pad. In this case, the most critical moment is the separation of the rocket from the launch pad, i.e. the moment when the rocket speed is minimal, and the reaction (disturbance) of the ship to the increasing gas-dynamic blowing of the gas reflector approaches its maximum. All this increases the degree of technical risk when launching a rocket from a surface ship and, therefore, reduces its reliability.

The objectives of the invention are to accelerate the launch of a rocket and reduce the harmful effects of a gas stream on the design and equipment of the platform.

The solution to this problem was achieved due to the fact that the offshore platform for launching rockets, including the base of the platform mounted on mounts, a container for storing the rocket in a horizontal position, serving the mast and launch pad with an exhaust outlet and a gas reflector under it, differs in that the container for storing the rocket in a horizontal position is made multi-sectional, with the possibility of telescopic shift of the sections from the launch pad along the longitudinal axis.

Under the launch pad, a sliding floor is installed below the exhaust opening. The gas deflector is installed under the launch pad, below the base of the platform, but above the water level and is made in the form of a multifaceted pyramid, the faces of which are made of perforated pipes. The transport trolley is made of separate sections according to the number of rocket stages, which, after docking, form a transport trolley. The transport trolley is arranged to dock with the launch pad using a hinge and is equipped with a lifting device. The lifting device is made in the form of a winch located on the base of the platform, connected through a unit mounted on the mast, with a transport trolley. The mast is capable of deviating from a vertical position when launching a rocket.

The solution to these problems has been achieved in a method of preparing a rocket for launch, including assembling it in a horizontal position, lifting it into a vertical position and installing it on a launch pad, in that each stage of the rocket is transported to the offshore platform in separate sections, which are unloaded and connected to the transport a cart inside the container for horizontal storage of the rocket, then the rocket stages are connected, the container sections are moved away from the launch pad and the rocket is lifted together with the cart, which after placing the rocket in a vertical position is lowered. Before starting the rocket, the sliding floor is moved and the pump is turned on to supply water to the gas deflector.

The proposed technical solution has novelty, inventive step and industrial applicability.

Novelty is confirmed by patent research.

The invention is illustrated in the drawings of figures 1 ... 6, where:

figure 1 shows the unloading of a rocket stage from a marine vehicle to an offshore platform for launching missiles,

figure 2 - rocket in the storage container in a horizontal position,

figure 3 - the beginning of the operation of lifting the rocket,

figure 4 - completion of the operation of lifting the rocket,

figure 5 - the operation of lowering the transport trolley,

figure 6 - rocket launch.

The proposed offshore platform (Fig. 1 ... 6) for launching missiles 1 contains the base of the platform 2 and supports 3. On the base of the platform 2 there is a container for storing the rocket in horizontal position 4, which is multi-sectional, consisting of sections 5 (Fig. 1) and launcher 6. Sections 5 are made with the possibility of telescoping along the longitudinal axis in order to ensure that the rocket 1 is raised to a vertical position and to prevent the rocket 1 from exhausting the container when it is launched. A service mast 7 is located near the launch pad 6. At the base of the platform 2, a hole “A” is made under the launch pad 6, a sliding floor 8 and a gas deflector 9 installed above the water level. The gas deflector 9 is made in the form of a multifaceted pyramid, the faces of which are made of perforated pipes 10 having openings “B” for water outlet and cooling when exposed to a gas jet. The gas deflector 9 is attached to the supports 3. Prior to launch, the rocket 1 is located inside the container for storing the rocket in a horizontal position 4 on the transport trolley 11. The transport trolley 11 is made of separate sections 12 and contains wheels 13 and a hinge 14 at the junction with the launch pad 6. C a transport trolley 11 is connected to a lifting mechanism 15, for example a winch, the cable 16 of which through a block 17 installed in the upper part of the service mast 7 can be connected to the transport trolley 11 for lifting it.

The design of the gas deflector 9 may be any within the framework of the claims, description and drawings, it is possible to make the faces concave (Fig. 1) and cooled. Perforated pipes 10 are connected by a water supply pipe 18 to a water supply pump 19, to the inlet of which a water intake pipe 20 is docked.

The rocket 1 is transported in steps 21 on marine vehicles 22 (ships or barges) in a horizontal position on separate sections 12 of the trolley 11. Using a crane 23 (figure 1), which is installed on the base of the platform 2, stages 21 of the rocket 1 together with individual sections 12 of the transport trolley 11 are unloaded on the base of the platform 2, into the container for storing the rocket in a horizontal position 4, sections 5 of which are previously shifted to one side (figure 1).

After unloading all degrees 21 of the rocket 1 section 5 of the container for storing the rocket in a horizontal position 4 is set to its original position (figure 2).

All individual sections 12 are connected to the transport trolley 11. The assembly of the rocket 1 from the stages 21 is carried out in a horizontal position on the transport trolley 11.

In the container for horizontal storage of the rocket 4, the rocket 1 is collected, stored and the operation of all its systems is checked.

Immediately before starting up the section 5, the containers 4 are shifted away from the launch pad 6 and the rocket 1 is lifted together with the transport trolley 11 using the lifting mechanism 15. After the rocket 1 is installed in a vertical position, the transport trolley 11 is lowered and rolled away from the launch pad 6. Rocket 1 refuel with fuel components and re-check its equipment. Retractable floor 8 is shifted to the side and open the hole "A".

A few seconds before the start command, the water supply pump 19 is turned on, which supplies water through the water supply pipe 18 to the inside of the gas deflector 9, and through the holes “B” in the perforated pipes 10 it goes outside, creating a film curtain for cooling the gas deflector 9.

When rocket 1 is launched, the resulting gas jet enters the hole "A" and then to the gas deflector 9. In the absence of cooling, the gas deflector 9 would burn out in less than 0.1 s. The presence of very powerful water cooling prevents the destruction of the gas deflector 9. The superheated steam is diverted away from the sea platform under its base 2. The container for storing the rocket in horizontal position 4 and the transport trolley 11 can also be additionally cooled with water when the rocket 1 is launched, to prevent damage to them and provide reuse.

The application of the invention allowed:

1. Ensure the convenience of long-term storage and preparation of the rocket in a horizontal position, eliminating the effect of sea water on its design.

2. To facilitate and accelerate the translation of the rocket into a vertical position with minimal time and money due to the compactness of the equipment.

3. To reduce the harmful effects of rocket exhaust gases at launch on equipment installed on the offshore platform, including to prevent the destruction of the container for horizontal storage of the rocket, transport cart and platform supports.

Claims (9)

1. The offshore platform for launching missiles, including the base of the platform mounted on the support mounts, a container for storing the rocket in a horizontal position, a service mast and launch pad with an exhaust outlet and a gas reflector underneath, characterized in that the container for storing the rocket in horizontal position is made multi-sectional, with the possibility of telescopic shift of the sections from the launch pad along the longitudinal axis. 2. The offshore platform for launching missiles according to claim 1, characterized in that a sliding floor is installed under the launch pad below the exhaust opening. 3. The offshore platform for launching missiles according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the gas deflector is installed under the launch pad, below the base of the platform, but above the water level, and is made in the form of a multifaceted pyramid, the faces of which are made of perforated pipes. 4. The offshore platform for launching missiles according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the transport trolley is made of separate sections according to the number of missile stages, which, after docking, form a transport trolley. 5. The offshore platform for launching missiles according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the transport trolley is configured to dock with the launch pad using a hinge. 6. The offshore platform for launching missiles according to claim 5, characterized in that the lifting device is made in the form of a winch located on the base of the platform, connected through a block mounted on the mast, with a transport trolley. 7. The offshore platform for launching missiles according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mast is configured to deviate from a vertical position when launching a rocket. 8. A method of preparing a rocket for launch, including assembling it in a horizontal position, lifting it in a vertical position and installing it on a launch pad, characterized in that each stage of the rocket is transported to the offshore platform in separate sections, which are unloaded, connected to each other in a transport trolley inside a container for horizontal storage of the rocket, then the rocket stages are connected, the container sections are moved away from the launch pad and the rocket is lifted along with the cart, which, after the rocket is installed in the top ikalnoe lowered position. 9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that before launching the rocket, the sliding floor is moved and the pump is turned on to supply water to the gas deflector.

Images