RU2325244C2 - Method of production of rod product with end bud and end tapering - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy; deformation of metals.

SUBSTANCE: after feeding and securing the source material, the end bud and end tapering are formed simultaneously. The end tapering is formed with a heading plunger in a composite die. The end tapering is produced by rotating two deforming plungers in the direction opposite to the heading plunger acting direction.

EFFECT: increased product quality.

2 dwg, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure and can be used, in particular, in the manufacture of teeth of a harrow, railway crutches and other products.

A known method of manufacturing a core product, including feeding the source material, securing it and forming a thickening of the product with two deforming punches made in the form of sectors-dies having rotation in the direction opposite to the axial force (SU 1600899 A1, 10.23.1990, B21K 3 / 04, 4 p.).

Creating favorable conditions for the deformability of the metal during the formation of thickening allows to reduce the complexity of the process and improve the quality of products. However, the known method cannot be obtained simultaneously with the formation of thickening and end sharpening, which reduces the productivity of manufacturing products with end thickening and sharpening.

A known method of manufacturing a core product with end thickening and sharpening, including supplying the starting material, securing it and simultaneously forming the end thickening by the upsetting punch in the split matrix and the end sharpening with two deforming punches (SU 271489 A, 09/11/1970, B21G 3/00, 3 s .).

This technical solution is the closest to the claimed method in terms of the essential features and is adopted as a prototype.

The simultaneous formation of end thickening and sharpening can significantly increase the productivity of manufacturing products.

The disadvantage of this method is the low quality of the products, due to the action of significant tensile stresses during the formation of tapering, as a result of which the geometric accuracy of tapering is low and the formation of burrs is inevitable, and cracking is possible during the processing of alloyed steels.

The basis of the invention is the solution to the problem of improving the quality of the core product with end thickening and sharpening.

To achieve this technical result, in the method for manufacturing a core product with end sharpening and thickening, including supplying the starting material, securing it and simultaneously forming the end thickening by the upsetting punch in the split matrix and end sharpening with two deforming punches, when forming the end sharpening, the deforming punches can rotate in in the opposite direction to the upset punch.

The simultaneous formation of the end elements of the product through the counter action of the upsetting punch and deforming punches creates counter-directional compressive forces from the end of the thickening and sharpening. As a result of the emergence of a closed power system, high plasticity of the processed metal and good fillability of the die cavities are ensured, which improves the quality of the product.

A method of manufacturing a core product with end thickening and sharpening is illustrated by drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows the initial position (position 1) and the final position (position 2) of the main objects at the time of completion of the manufacture of the product; figure 2 shows a section along the line aa of figure 1 where a sector stamp is shown.

A method of manufacturing a core product with end thickening and sharpening is as follows.

The starting blank 3, i.e., the starting material, is fixed on the abutment 4 between the half-matrices 5 and 6 of the detachable matrix and the deforming punches for forming an end sharpening, for which, for example, dies 7 and 8 are used by means of clamps 9 and 10 fixed to racks 11 and 12 (see figure 1). In this case, the stop 4 is rigidly mounted in the guide housing 13, which is able to freely move between the posts 11 and 12 (see Figs. 1 and 2).

Then the landing punch 14 and the gear racks 15 and 16, located in the grooves of the racks 11 and 12, are moved. When the racks 15 and 16 move, the persistent wedges 17 and 18 fixed on them release the half-matrices 5 and 6, which, moving down the bevels 19 and 20 of the racks 11 and 12 are closed, forming a brook cavity corresponding to the shape of the end thickening of the product. By the moment of closing the half-matrices 5 and 6 and the contact of the landing punch 14 with the workpiece 3, the wedges 17 and 18, moving the glasses 21 and 22 of the clamps 9 and 10, carry out the working clamp of the workpiece 3. Then, the punch 14 is stamped with a thickening and, at the same time, in the streams of the sector-dies 7 and 8, with the possibility of rotational movement with the help of gear racks 15 and 16, form an end sharpening (see figure 1 (position 2) and figure 2).

Since the sectors of the dies 7 and 8 are installed on the axes 23 and 24 in the guide housing 13, when the sectors of the dies 7 and 8 are rotated by the rails 15 and 16, the housing 13 also moves downward (see Fig. 1 (position 2)).

After completing the working strokes, the landing punch 14 and the gear racks 15 and 16 are returned to their original position (see figure 1 (position 1)).

In this case, the persistent wedges 17 and 18 release the glasses 21 and 22 of the clamps 9 and 10 and remove the working clamp of the product 25. Then the wedges 17 and 18 are in contact with the teeth 26 and 27, rigidly fixed to the half-matrices 5 and 6, and the latter are moved along the bevels 19 and 20 racks 11 and 12 to the spring stops 28 and 29. As a result, the half-matrices 5 and 6 open to form a gap sufficient to remove the product 25. The racks 11 and 12 are fixed to the base plate 32 using clamping rails 30 and 31 (see Fig. one).

When the gear racks 15 and 16 move to their original position (see Fig. 1 (position 1)), the stop 4 together with the guide body 13 also moves upward, reaching the product 25. At the end of the movement of the stop 4, the sharpening of the product 25 enters the conical cavity of the stop 4 , which contributes to the calibration of the point. After removing the product 25, the stamping cycle is repeated.

As a result of the counter action of the landing punch 14 and the dies sectors 7 and 8, a closed power system is created that provides high ductility of the metal being machined and good fillability of the die cavities, which improves the quality of the products.

Example. An experimental batch of teeth of a harrow 174 mm long was made from a bar with a diameter of 15 mm, Steel 45. The length of the taper was 30 mm. The length of the workpiece is 191 mm. The heating temperature of the end sections of the workpiece is 1150 ° C. The average diameter of the brook of the sector-stamp 54 mm; the diameter of the pitch circle of the gear sector is 64 mm (the experimental stamp scheme corresponds to FIGS. 1 and 2 on a scale of 1: 2.5).

The total angle of rotation of the sector-stamp is determined from the ratio:

where l _N - the arc length of the sector-stamp corresponding to its rotation through an angle α °;

α ° is the angle of rotation of the sector stamp;

d _N - the average diameter of the brook of the sector stamp.

From the formula (1) receive:

The arc length of the sector stamp is:

where l _x = 48 mm is the length of the arc of the sector-stamp corresponding to the movement of the gear rack from the initial upper position until the work clamp of the workpiece, the contact of the punch and streams of the sector-stamps with the workpiece, as well as the complete closure of the half-matrix;

l _p is the length of the brook of the sector-stamp, necessary for the formation of end sharpening;

. Здесь l_з.с.=30 мм - длина заострения изделия; d_пр=15 мм - диаметр прутка.

. Here l _s.s. = 30 mm - the length of the taper of the product; d _CR = 15 mm - the diameter of the rod.

By the formula (3) determine:

l _N = 48 + 31 = 79 mm.

The full angle of rotation of the sector-stamp will be (see formula (2)):

The complete movement of the rack is found using the ratio (1):

Here l _z.r. - complete movement of the rack;

d _z.s. = 64 mm - the diameter of the pitch circle of the gear sector.

Thus, the use of the invention allows to improve the quality of products with end thickening and sharpening.

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing a core product with end thickening and sharpening, including supplying the starting material, securing it and simultaneously forming the end thickening by the upsetting punch in the split matrix and end sharpening by two deforming punches, characterized in that the formation of the end sharpening is carried out by rotating two deforming punches in the opposite direction direction of action of the landing punch.

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