RU2325214C1 - Scrubber with movable nozzle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ventilation; moist dust collection technology.

SUBSTANCE: scrubber with a movable nozzle consists of casing with pipe fittings for dusty and cleaned gas, spraying equipment, lower bearing distributing plate, made of elastic materials with vibrators. In between these plates there is a nozzle sheet mist extractor and slime discharge facility. The nozzle is made in the form of hollow spheres, on whose surface there screw grooves, or in the form of cylindrical rings on whose side surfaces are screw grooves. The spraying equipment is made in the form of spraying facility installed on the perimeter of a collector whose surface form is equidistance from the scrubber casing surface, centrifugal sprayer, which consist of casing with inlet apertures, lid, airtight washer between casing and lid, springs between lid and twister which is made in the form of a turned-up bottom of a cylindrical bowl and has a circular spacing relative to the casing. The twister has at least two rows of throttle apertures and in each row; there are at least, evenly spaced tangential throttle apertures along the circumference of the twister wall. On the lower part of the casing, there is a bush in the form of a conical washer, calibrated with conical apertures and lies on the same axis as the cylindrical and reverse tapered relative to the conical bush obliquity.

EFFECT: enhancing effectiveness and reliability of dust collection process by way of increasing the water dispersion rate using sprayers.

2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to techniques for wet dust collection and can be used in chemical, textile, food, light and other industries for the purification of dusty gases.

The closest technical solution to the claimed object is a scrubber with a movable nozzle, known from patent RU No. 2280492 (prototype), comprising a housing with nozzles for dusty and purified gas, an irrigation device, a lower support and distribution plate and an upper restrictive plate, between which there is a layer nozzles, and a device for removing sludge.

The disadvantage of the prototype is the relatively low efficiency of the dust collection process due to the underdeveloped spray surface of the liquid.

The technical result is an increase in the efficiency and reliability of the dust collection process by increasing the degree of atomization of the irrigation device.

This is achieved by the fact that in a scrubber with a movable nozzle containing a housing with nozzles for dusty and purified gas, an irrigation nozzle device, a lower support and distribution plate and an upper restrictive plate made of elastic materials with vibrators installed on them, between which the nozzle layer is located , a spray catcher and a device for removing sludge, and the nozzle is made in the form of hollow balls, on a spherical surface of which a helical groove is cut, or in the form of cylindrical rings, on of the flute surface of which a helical groove is cut, the irrigation device is made in the form of an irrigation device installed around the collector perimeter having a surface shape, an equidistant surface of the scrubber body, centrifugal nozzles, each of which consists of a body with an inlet, a cover, a sealing gasket between the body and the cover, a spring located between the cover and the swirl made in the form of an inverted bottom up cylindrical cup mounted relative to the body and with an annular gap, moreover, at least two rows of throttle openings are made in the swirler, and at least two tangential throttle openings evenly spaced along the annular wall of the swirl are made in the swirl, and is installed in the form of a conical washer in the lower part of the casing nozzle insert with a calibrated conical hole coaxial with the cylindrical surface of the swirler, and taper, the inverse taper of the conical washer of the insert.

Figure 1 shows a scrubber with a movable nozzle, figure 2 - nozzle in the form of hollow balls, on the spherical surface of which a helical groove is cut, figure 3 - nozzle in the form of cylindrical rings, on the side surface of which a helical groove is cut, in fig .4 is a General view of the nozzle for spraying liquids, in Fig.5 is a section aa of Fig.4.

The scrubber with a movable nozzle contains a housing 1 with nozzles 2 and 3, respectively, for dusty and purified gas, an irrigation device 7, a lower support and distribution plate 4 and an upper restriction plate 6, between which there is a nozzle layer 5, a spray trap 9 and a device for removing sludge 8 (figure 1). The lower 4 supporting distribution and upper 6 restrictive plates and nozzle 5 are made of elastic materials. A vibrator (not shown) may be installed on the lower support-distribution plate 4. A vibrator (not shown) may be mounted on the upper restriction plate 6. On the lower 4 supporting distribution and upper 6 restrictive plates can be installed on a vibrator (not shown).

The nozzle 5 is made in the form of hollow balls, on a spherical surface of which a helical groove is cut (Fig. 2).

The centrifugal nozzle (FIGS. 4, 5) consists of a housing 10 with an inlet 11, a cover 12, a sealing gasket 13 between the housing and the cover, a spring 14 located between the cover and the swirler 15, made in the form of an inverted cylinder upside down mounted relative to bodies 10 with an annular gap 16. At least two rows of throttle openings 17 are made in the swirl 15, each row has at least two throttle openings 17 evenly spaced along the annular wall of the swirl 15. In the lower the th part of the housing 10 is installed in the form of a conical washer nozzle insert 18 made of solid materials: tungsten carbide, ruby, sapphire, with a calibrated conical hole 19, coaxial with the cylindrical surface of the swirler 15, and the hole 19 has the opposite taper with the conical washer of the insert 18.

The spray catcher 9 is made in the form of concentric cylindrical rings 1 ... 2 mm thick and with a distance between them 3 ... 4 mm. The spray catcher is made in the form of concentrically arranged rings having, in cross section passing through the axis of the ring, a zigzag profile, for example a sinusoidal one, moreover, the thickness of the rings is 1 ... 2 mm, and the distance between them is 3 ... 4 mm. The spray catcher is made in the form of concentric rings arranged in a section passing through the axis of the ring, a profile consisting of series-connected circles, and the thickness of the rings over the maximum thickness is 3 ... 4 mm, and the distance between them is 4 ... 5 mm (not shown).

A scrubber with a movable nozzle operates as follows. The dusty gas stream enters the housing 1, through the inlet of the dusty gas stream 2, and meets a curtain from the nozzle 5, which is wetted with water or other absorbent from the irrigation device 7. To remove the sludge, device 8 is used in the form of a channel in the bottom of the housing or mechanism. To ensure free movement of the nozzle 5 in the gas-liquid mixture, its density should not exceed the density of the liquid. The process of dust collection takes place in the optimal hydrodynamic regime of a gas scrubber, characterized by a regime of fully developed fluidization. To intensify the hydrodynamic regime, a vibrator (not shown) can be installed on the lower support distribution plate 4, or a vibrator (not shown) can be installed on the upper restriction plate 6, or at the same time on the lower 4 distribution and upper 6 restriction plates by vibrator (not shown). This will allow the scrubber to switch to the vibro-fluidized bed mode, in which the efficiency of the interaction of the nozzle 5, irrigated by the liquid, with the gas phase will increase, and consequently, will increase the overall efficiency of the apparatus. The implementation of the nozzle 5, the lower 4 of the support distribution and upper 6 restrictive plates of elastic material will allow under certain conditions to create a mode of oscillation or self-oscillations, which will also increase the efficiency of interaction of the nozzle 5 with the irrigated liquid.

A centrifugal nozzle for spraying liquids works as follows.

The fluid is fed through the inlet 11 into the annular gap 16, from where to the swirl 15 through the throttling holes 17 tangentially located to the inner surface of the swirl 15. The rotating fluid flow from the swirl 15 exits through a calibrated conical hole 19 of the nozzle insert 18, resulting in a spray of liquid whose root angle is determined by the angle of inclination of the conical surface of the hole 19.

When the average diameter of the hole 19, which is in the range of 2.5 ... 3.5 mm, and the pressure supplied through the inlet 11 of the liquid 6 ... 9 MPa, atomization of 400 to 1000 kg / h of liquid is provided. The nozzle is easy to manufacture and maintain. Typically, such nozzles are installed around the perimeter of the collector of an irrigation device 7 having a surface shape that is equidistant to the surface of the scrubber body 1.

The srubber can be used to clean fine dust and humidify air in ventilation units and air conditioning units, as well as in trapping mists, readily soluble dust, as well as in the process of dust collection, gas cooling and absorption of packed gas washers. The effectiveness of the proposed design of the nozzle scrubber increases due to the larger interaction surface of the nozzle in the above processes, as well as optimization of the hydrodynamic situation and amounts to about 97% when collecting dust particles larger than 2 microns in size.

Claims (2)

1. A scrubber with a movable nozzle, comprising a housing with nozzles for dusty and purified gas, an irrigation device, a lower support and distribution plate and an upper restrictive plate made of elastic materials with vibrators installed on them, a spray catcher, a device for removing sludge, a nozzle layer, located between the plates, and the nozzle is made in the form of hollow balls, on the spherical surface of which a helical groove is cut, or of cylindrical rings, on the side surface of which a groove is cut commercial groove, characterized in that the irrigation device is made in the form of an irrigation device installed around the collector perimeter, having a surface shape, an equidistant surface of the scrubber body, centrifugal nozzles, each of which consists of a housing with an inlet, a cover, a sealing gasket located between the nozzle body and a cover, a spring located between the cover and the swirl, made in the form of an inverted bottom up cylindrical cup mounted relative to nozzle bodies with an annular gap, wherein at least two rows of throttle openings are made in the swirl, and at least two tangential throttle openings evenly spaced along the annular wall of the swirl are made in the swirl; the nozzle is installed in the form of a conical washers nozzle insert with a calibrated tapered bore coaxial with the cylindrical surface of the swirl, and taper, the inverse taper of the conical washer of the insert. 2. The scrubber with a movable nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle nozzle insert is made of solid materials: tungsten carbide, ruby, sapphire.

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