RU2321268C2 - Fodder for broiler chickens - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: the present innovation deals with feeding poultry. The suggested fodder contains balanced combined feedstuff at decreased portion of food grain - wheat and corn and enzymatic preparations, moreover, the fodder suggested additionally contains the grain of naked oats at the quantity of 40% against the combined feedstuff weight as the source of essential amino acids, carbohydrates and energy, as an enzymatic preparation, one should apply MEK-SH-2 at the quantity of 800 g/t feedstuff or MEK-SH-3 at the quantity of 800 g/t feedstuff. The innovation enables to increase live weight in broiler chickens, decrease feedstuffs expenses per 1 kg live weight gain.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of manufacturing.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular for feeding poultry.

In modern compounding feeds for poultry, cereal grains prevail over other components, being a concentrated feed and the main source of easily digestible and easily fermentable carbohydrates (Recommendations for feeding poultry / All-Russian Science and Technology and poultry industry; edited by Ed. V.I. Fisinina, Sh.A. Imangulova, I.A. Egorova, T.M. Okolelova. - Sergiev Posad, 1999. - 67 p.). In countries with developed poultry farming, such feeds mainly use corn grain (up to 50-60%). However, due to the shortage of own corn grain and rising prices for imported, most poultry farms are forced to include local traditional as well as more affordable grain components, such as oats, barley, in feed for poultry. An increase in the share of such components in the structure of feed will undoubtedly be a resource-saving reserve, since the share of feed costs in the cost structure of poultry meat is 70-75%.

As a prototype, food was taken for broiler chickens with a reduced proportion of edible grain (wheat and corn) and its replacement with millet grain (30% by weight of feed) using the MEK-CX-3 enzyme preparation in an amount of 1 kg / t of feed ( RF patent No. 2266679).

In common with the claimed feed is a decrease in the proportion of edible grain in the feed of broiler chickens and the introduction of enzyme preparations.

The basis of the invention is the task to improve the feed for broiler chickens, the achievement of which was to increase the biological value of compound feeds, consisting of 40% of grain of oats, by enriching them with enzyme preparations IEC-CX-2 or IEC-CX-3.

The authors did not find similar studies using the grain of glazed oats along with the indicated enzyme preparations in compound feeds for broiler chickens.

The technical result is to increase the gain in live weight of broiler chickens and reduce feed costs per unit of gain in live weight due to the inclusion of grain of oat in combination feed with enzyme preparations: IEC-CX-2 or IEC-CX-3.

Oats are a valuable nutritious fodder crop widely used in the production of animal feed. However, oats contain an elevated level of hard-hydrolyzable non-starchy polysaccharides, the amount of which reaches 30%, which is why oats are used in feed production with a low efficiency. To lower the level of non-starchy polysaccharides and thereby increase the nutritional value of oats grain allows collapse (peeling). So, for example, after collapse, the level of exchange energy in 100 g of oats increases from 257 to 287 kcal (by 11.7%). However, this technique is energy intensive, and therefore expensive.

In this regard, glazed varieties of oats deserve attention, which are superior to membranous varieties in terms of crude protein and metabolic energy.

The problem is achieved by using food for broiler chickens, including balanced compound feed with a reduced proportion of edible grains (wheat and corn) and enzyme preparations, characterized in that the compound feed contains 40% of glutenous oats in the amount of essential amino acids, carbohydrates and energy by weight of the feed, and as enzyme preparations, IEC-CX-2 (800 g / t of feed) or IEC-CX-3 (800 g / t of feed) are used.

Concrete example

The work was performed in the feeding department of the All-Russian Scientific Research and Technological Institute of Poultry and Vivarium IT “Zagorsk EPH VNITIP”. Scientific and production experience was carried out on broiler chickens cross "Competitor-2". The object of research was the grain of the oats. The duration of the experiment was 7 weeks. Chickens were grown in cell batteries of type P-15 at 40 goals. in Group. Broilers were fed with full-feed mixed fodders with nutrition corresponding to the recommendations of VNITIP, 1999.

Feeding of all types of poultry (chicken and egg crosses, broiler chickens, ducks, geese, quails, etc.) differs in the periods and terms of rearing, feeding rates, and the structure of diets. Poultry achieves high productive qualities only if it is fully and balanced fed, taking into account the growing periods. For broiler fattening, compound feeds with a high content of metabolic energy and crude protein are used, since they, unlike other types of poultry, have a high growth rate. In the first growing period (from 1 to 4 weeks), the level of exchange energy was 310 kcal, in the second (from 5 to 7 weeks) - 320 kcal; the amount of crude protein is 23 and 21%, respectively (Tables 1 and 2).

Before starting the experiments at the VNITIP Testing Center, the chemical composition of the grain of holoserous oats was studied. It was found that in 100 g of grain of holoserous oats contains (%): moisture - 11.1; crude protein - 14.06; crude fiber - 1.44; crude fat - 8.29; calcium - 0.02; phosphorus -0.55; lysine - 0.59; methionine - 0.30; cystine - 0.36; arginine - 1.04; histidine - 0.38; leucine - 1.09; isoleucine - 0.59; phenylalanine - 0.68; threonine - 0.46; proline - 0.71; glycine - 0.64; alanine - 0.67; valine - 0.81; tyrosine - 0.52. The amount of linoleic acid was 37.3%, oleic acid - 41.0%, linolenic acid - 1.48%.

The analysis showed that the bare-grain oats are superior to membranous and flaky oats by the content of crude protein by 3.7 and 2.0%, respectively. The level of crude fiber in it is lower than in ordinary oats by 7.5 times and than in peeled - by 3.3 times. The amino acid composition of the holoserous oats is richer than the membranous and peeled oats: 0.22 and 0.17% for lysine, 0.16 and 0.15% for methionine, and 0.16% for cystine. The most significant differences between the types of oats in metabolic energy. The level of exchange energy of the grain of bare oats is 300 kcal per 100 g, which is 13 and 45 kcal more than in husked and filmy (ordinary) oats, and also higher than in wheat and barley.

According to the recommendations of VNITIP, the level of introduction of husked oats into mixed feeds for broiler chickens can be 40% only in the second growing period (from 5 to 7 weeks) (Recommendations for feeding agricultural poultry / All-Russian n.a. and poultry technology. ; under the general editorship of V.I. Fisinin, Sh.A. Imangulov, I. A. Egorov, T. M. Okolelova. - Sergiev Posad, 1999. - 67 p.).

Considering the fact that the grain of the oats is of higher nutritional value compared with husked oats, its amount in experimental broiler feed was 40% throughout the entire growing period (from 1 to 7 weeks). The possibility of increasing the biological value of compound feeds for broilers containing 40% of glazed oats by including enzymatic preparations in them was also studied.

The chickens in the control group received mixed feed with 40% of holoserous oats without the addition of multi-enzyme compositions, and the poultry of the experimental groups received a similar diet, but with the addition of enzyme preparations: in group 2 - IEC-CX-2 (800 g / t feed), in group 3 - IEC-CX-3 (800 g / t feed) (Tables 1 and 2).

Table 1
Compound feed recipes for broilers 1-4 weeks of age,% Component Group 1 (control) 2 (experienced) 3 (experimental) Corn 8.05 8.05 8.05 Wheat 12.51 12.51 12.51 Oats 40,0 40,0 40,0 Soybean meal 13.01 13.01 13.01 Sunflower meal 7.82 7.82 7.82 Fish meal 4,50 4,50 4,50 Meat and bone meal 0.3 0.3 0.3 Gluten 5.85 5.85 5.85 Sunflower oil 4.61 4.61 4.61 Common salt 0.27 0.27 0.27 Limestone 1.68 1.68 1.68 Monocalcium phosphate 0.4 0.4 0.4 Premix 1.00 1.00 1.00 100 g of feed contains,% Exchange energy, kcal 310 310 310 mJ 1.3 1.3 1.3 Crude protein 23.00 23.00 23.00 Crude fiber 3.28 3.28 3.28 Calcium 1.00 1.00 1.00 Phosphorus total 0.70 0.70 0.70 affordable 0.40 0.40 0.40 Sodium 0.20 0.20 0.20 Linoleic acid 3.83 3.83 3.83 Lizina 1.3 1.3 1.3 Methionine + cystine 0.92 0.92 0.92 Added drugs, g / t IEC-CX-2 - 800 - IEC-CX-3 - - 800

table 2
Compound feed recipes for broilers 5-7 weeks of age,% Component Group 1 (control) 2 (experienced) 3 (experimental) Corn 11.30 11.30 11.30 Wheat 9.82 9.82 9.82 Oats 40,0 40,0 40,0 Soybean meal 8.07 8.07 8.07 Sunflower meal 11.03 11.03 11.03 Fish meal 3.43 3.43 3.43 Meat and bone meal 0.85 0.85 0.85 Gluten 4.78 4.78 4.78 Sunflower oil 6.78 6.78 6.78 Common salt 0.30 0.30 0.30 Limestone 2.22 2.22 2.22 Monocalcium phosphate 0.42 0.42 0.42 Premix 1,0 1,0 1,0 100 g of feed contains,% Exchange energy, kcal 320 320 320 mJ 1.34 1.34 1.34 Crude protein 21.00 21.00 21.00 Crude fiber 3.38 3.38 3.38 Calcium 1,2 1,2 1,2 Phosphorus total 0.70 0.70 0.70 Affordable 0.40 0.40 0.40 Sodium 0.20 0.20 0.20 Linoleic acid 5.14 5.14 5.14 Lizina 1.25 1.25 1.25 Methionine + cystine 0.84 0.84 0.84 Added drugs, g / t IEC-CX-2 - 800 - IEC-CX-3 - - 800

The results of the experiment (Table 3) showed an increase in the efficiency of broiler chickens feeding during the enrichment of compound feeds containing 40% of grain of oats with glutinous enzymes. The inclusion of multi-enzyme compositions in the feed contributed to an increase in the live weight of 4-week-old broilers in groups 2 and 3 by 4.9 and 9.1%, respectively, compared with the control. At the end of the growing period, the live weight of chickens receiving MEK-CX-2 and IEC-CX-3 additives as part of the feed was 4.0 and 8.4% higher than that of the peers from the control group. The increase in productivity in poultry of experimental groups 2 and 3 occurred against the background of a decrease in feed costs per 1 kg of live weight gain by 6.0 and 9.8%, respectively, compared with the control, since enzyme preparations improved the bird's use of nutrients from experimental compound feeds. Broilers that receive enzyme supplementation as part of the feed also had higher meat qualities: the slaughter yield of gutted carcasses in group 2 was 69.7%, in group 3 - 71.0%, against 69.1% - in the control.

Table 3
The results of scientific and industrial experience Indicators Groups 1 (control) 2 (experienced) 3 (experimental) The safety of livestock,% 97.5 97.5 one hundred Live weight, g:
at 4 weeks of age 1112 1166 1213 at 7 weeks of age 2187 2274 2370 The average daily gain in live weight, g 43.8 45.6 47.6 The cost of feed per 1 kg of increase in live weight, kg 2.15 2.02 1.94 Slaughter yield of gutted carcasses,% 69.1 69.7 71.0

Claims (1)

Food for broiler chickens, which includes balanced mixed feed with a reduced proportion of edible wheat and corn grains and enzyme preparations, characterized in that the mixed feed additionally contains 40% of the total mass of feed of oats in the form of essential amino acids, carbohydrates and energy, and as an enzyme preparation, IEC-CX-2 - 800 g / t of feed or IEC-CX-3 - 800 g / t of feed is used.