RU2319548C2 - Hydraulic separator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining industry; building industry; chemical industry; other industries; production of the devices for separation of particles by coarseness.

SUBSTANCE: invention is pertaining to the devices used for separation of particles by coarseness, fractionation by density and may used in mining, building, chemical and other industries. The hydraulic separator includes the cylindrical body with the bottom, mounted inside the body with the clearance to it and to the bottom with the capability of rotation separating chambers with the radial plates, the shaft with the rotary drive, the feeder of the source material and collectors of the products of separation. The body is made in the form of two coaxial cylinders, the lower edges of which are hermetically paired to the collectors of the products of separation forming the bottom of the body. Separating chambers and the body compose the communicating vessel and are formed by two coaxial cylindrical shell rings linked by the radial plates. The body is supplied with the device for the water leveling in the separating chambers - the fitting pipe for the mash overflow. Technical result of the invention is the increased efficiency of separation.

EFFECT: invention ensures the increased efficiency of separation.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a device for separating particles by size, fractionation by density and can be used in mining, construction, chemical and other industries.

Known hydraulic classifier (A.S. No. 1623758, IPC V03V 5/62, 1989) for separating particles by size, containing a cylindrical body mounted inside the housing with the possibility of rotation of the separation chamber in the form of annular channels, a conical nozzle mounted coaxially with housing, and nozzles for classification products. Particle separation in the classifier depends on gravitational, centrifugal accelerations and structural elements of the device, which together do not minimize the fluctuation phenomena and, accordingly, the high classification efficiency.

The closest in technical essence is the hydraulic classifier of granular materials by as No. 1738358, IPC V03V 5/62, bulletin No. 21, 1992. The classifier contains a cylindrical body with a bottom made in the form of a truncated cone installed with a smaller base upwards, in the lower part of which there are mounted pipes - receivers for separation products. Inside the cylindrical body is a cylindrical shell connected to the drive shaft. On the outer side of the shell, radial plates are installed with a gap to the body and the bottom, which together with the shell form rotating dividing chambers in the body, above which the source material feeder is mounted.

Significant disadvantages of the classifier that reduce the efficiency of separation of particles by size include:

- the height of the liquid in the separation chambers in the radial direction, limited by the surface of the truncated cone, is different, and therefore, the deposition time of particles of the same hydraulic size is different;

- the time of deposition of particles in the liquid and plus the time of their sliding on the surface of the conical bottom in unequal lengths from the point of incidence on this surface to the holes leading to the receiving nozzles even more differs, even for particles of the same shape (with one coefficient of friction);

- a layer of separated material formed on the surface of the cone with a height equal to the gap between the separation plates and the specified surface will periodically, as it accumulates, drain into various receivers of separation products.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of separation. The solution to the problem is achieved in that in a hydraulic separator comprising a cylindrical body with a bottom installed inside the body, with a gap to it and the bottom with the possibility of rotation, separation chambers with radial plates, a shaft with a rotation drive, a feeder of the source material and receivers of separation products, the body made in the form of two coaxial cylinders, the lower edges of which are hermetically connected to the receivers of the separation products, forming the bottom of the housing, and the separation chambers are made in the form of two hollow coaxial cylinders natural shells, forming a communicating vessel with the body. The housing is equipped with a device for stabilizing the water level in the separation chamber - a pipe for overflow of pulp from the housing.

In Fig.1 shows a hydraulic separator (General view), Fig.2 is a section along aa.

The hydraulic separator comprises a cylindrical body formed by the outer 1 and inner 2 cylinders, to the lower edge of which the receivers of separation products 3 are tightly attached with device 4, for example, with valves, for periodic or continuous release. Separating chambers 5, made of two coaxial cylindrical shells connected by radial plates 6, are installed coaxially with cylinders 1 and 2 with gaps to them and receivers of separation products inside the casing.

The separator is equipped with a source material feeder 10 mounted above the separation chambers, and a pipe 11 for overflow of pulp.

The separator works as follows.

The housing formed by the outer 1 and inner 2 cylinders with receivers of separation products 3, and the separation chambers 5 installed therein are filled with water. Cameras by means of a shaft 8 and an electric motor. 9, connected by a traverse 7, are driven into rotation. The feed material 10 is fed into the chamber by the feeder 10 in dry form or in the form of pulp. Particles of the material under the influence of gravitational, Archimedean and water resistance forces receive different rates of fall and, depending on the deposition time, are distributed to the receivers 3 in accordance with their hydraulic size. In this case, monomineral particles are distributed practically by their size. If the source material containing particles of different densities is preliminarily scattered into fairly narrow classes, then when they are separated separately with different speeds of rotation of the chambers, these particles are distributed to the receivers in accordance with their density. The water level in the separation chambers is supported by a pipe 11 for overflow. The release of separation products from the receivers 6 is carried out periodically or continuously depending on their content in the source material by the device 4, for example, valves.

The optimization of the process of separation of the source material is carried out by changing the speed of rotation of the separation chamber.

The efficiency of separation of particles by their size or density is achieved by the fact that the device virtually eliminates the conditions of mixing of particles during the separation process, since this process is determined only by the rate of fall of these particles, starting from loading to the receivers of separation products at the same height of incidence and other equal conditions.

Claims (2)

1. A hydraulic separator comprising a cylindrical body with a bottom, separation chambers with radial plates mounted inside the body with a gap to it and the bottom rotatably, a shaft with a rotation drive, a source material feeder and separation product receivers, characterized in that the body is made in the form two coaxial cylinders, the lower edges of which are hermetically connected to the receivers of the separation products, forming the bottom of the housing, and the separation chambers are made in the form of two coaxial cylindrical shells, which e form a communicating vessel with the body. 2. The hydraulic separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing is equipped with a device for stabilizing the water level in the separation chambers - a pipe for overflow of pulp.

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