RU230182U1 - Tourniquet hemostatic - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medicine, namely to devices used to stop bleeding when providing self-help, first aid and primary health care. A reusable hemostatic tourniquet comprises a base with two loops and a sling threaded through them, having two free ends, wherein a two-ring lock is located on the short end of the sling, a metal sleeve with a handle placed in it, sewn into the sling, is located on the base between the two loops, and a ring for fixing the handle is located on the loop. Using a tourniquet allows for effective stopping of bleeding when providing self-help, since the combination of a two-ring lock and a Velcro surface provides higher protection against involuntary self-opening of the device, and using the entire length of the handle as a lever provides greater force for tightening the tourniquet.

Description

The utility model relates to medicine, namely to devices used to stop bleeding when providing first aid and primary health care.

Bleeding is the flow of blood from the lumen of a blood vessel due to its damage or a violation of the permeability of its wall. Bleeding can lead to severe blood loss, poses an immediate threat to the life of the victim and requires urgent decision-making in a difficult situation and speed in providing assistance. The mortality rate among victims with damage to large cavitary vessels and unstable hemodynamics exceeds 90%, and the frequency of amputations in vascular trauma of the extremities can reach 30% and even 70% in case of delay in providing assistance. Among the causes of potentially preventable deaths during hostilities, the main reason (61%) is external bleeding from wounds of the extremities [Bleeding. Methods of stopping bleeding: a tutorial / V. A. Beloborodov, E. A. Kelchevskaya; Irkutsk State Medical University, Department of General Surgery. - Irkutsk: Irkutsk State Medical University, 2023. - 53 p.].

Timely temporary stopping of bleeding reduces the risk of fatal blood loss. Methods of temporary stopping of bleeding used in first aid include the use of tourniquets and hemostatic tourniquets. A tourniquet is a device designed to stop bleeding by temporarily compressing blood vessels. It consists of a strip of material (usually a rubber or latex cord) with a fastener or mechanism for adjusting the tension. Its use limits the blood supply to the wound area.

A hemostatic tourniquet is known, which comprises a base, a tourniquet, a buckle, and a crank. The base has a bridge with a lock on the outer surface at one end, one end of the tourniquet, threaded through the cavity formed by the base and the bridge, is secured to form a loop at the other end of the base. The crank is installed on the tourniquet in the space between the loop and the bridge. The buckle is installed in the loop formed by securing the tourniquet at the other end of the base [Patent No. 2788287 C1 Russian Federation, IPC A61B 17/132. hemostatic tourniquet: No. 2022103065: declared 02/08/2022: published 01/17/2023 / V. V. Mikhailov]. The disadvantage of this device is that it uses a buckle as a lock, since the harness does not have holes for the buckle tongue. This can lead to difficulties in fixing the tourniquet.

A device is known - a tourniquet-type hemostatic tourniquet containing a compression tape in the form of a flat sleeve, on the outside of which a Velcro surface is made, a locking buckle and a platform are fixed at one end of the compression tape, on both sides of the platform there is a locking frame and a frame with a crossbar, which is inseparably connected to two half rings facing each other with a gap between them, which encircle the flat sleeve, forming a retainer for a winch, a sling is placed in the sleeve of the compression tape, fixed in the free end of the sleeve, and from the side of the platform located at the other end of the sleeve, the sling is passed through a slit in the winch, inserted and pulled out through the locking frame and fixed on the locking buckle, characterized in that the locking frame is made with parallel crossbars, and the sling is inserted between the parallel crossbars in an S-shape [Patent for Utility Model № 205924 U1 Russian Federation, IPC A61B 17/132, A61B 17/00. Tourniquet-type hemostatic tourniquet: № 2021112384: declared 04/29/2021: published 08/12/2021 / S. A. Goltsev; applicant Limited Liability Company "Taktika".]. The disadvantage of this device is the presence of a platform made of plastic, since the presence of polymer elements can reduce the functionality of the device in subzero temperatures due to increased fragility. In addition, the presence of a rigid element in the device can lead to a decrease in the fixation of the tourniquet on small-diameter limbs (children's, women's limbs) due to a loose fit.

The closest to the claimed solution is a reusable hemostatic tourniquet consisting of the following components: a base, a sling having one free end and one end attached to said base; a fixing buckle attached to said base; a crank with an opening for placing a part of said sling; triangular clamps attached to said base [Patent for Utility Model No. 217146 U1 Russian Federation, IPC A61B 17/132. Reusable hemostatic tourniquet: No. 2023103223: declared 14.02.2023: published 20.03.2023 / V. A. Lazarenko, S. N. Zhabin, E. G. Obyedkov [et al.]; applicant Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Kursk State Medical University" of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation]. The disadvantage of this technical solution is the inconvenience of use in case of self-help, associated with a small lever force developed on the crank, the need for preliminary adjustment of the length of the free part to the diameter of the limb, the difficulty of using the buckle fastener with one hand during self-help.

The technical task of the claimed utility model is to eliminate the shortcoming of the prototype - to create a tourniquet tourniquet that allows stopping bleeding in self-help mode.

The technical result consists in ensuring effective stopping of bleeding in self-help mode.

The stated task is achieved by the fact that the reusable hemostatic tourniquet contains a base with two loops and a sling threaded through them, having two free ends, wherein a two-ring lock is located on the short end of the sling, on the base between the two loops there is a metal sleeve sewn into the sling with a winch placed in it, and on the loop located on the side of the long end of the sling there is a ring for fixing the winch.

The device is explained with drawings.

Fig. 1 shows a general view of a hemostatic tourniquet.

Fig. 2 shows a hemostatic tourniquet in working condition.

The hemostatic tourniquet consists of a base 1 and a sling 2, which has two free ends - a long end 2a and a short end 2b, made of non-elastic fabric material. The base 1 is made of two layers of fabric material, between which there is a plate 3 with a thickness of 0.75 mm made of low-pressure polyethylene to ensure rigidity, and has two loops 4a, located on the side of the long end of the sling 2a and 4b, located on the side of the short end of the sling 2 b, made of a similar fabric material, through which the sling 2 is threaded, having two free ends - a long end 2a with a Velcro surface to prevent twisting of the sling 2 during fixation and a short end 2b, on which a two-ring lock 5 is located to ensure tightening of the sling 2 during operation, on the base between the two loops 4a and 4b by sewing in the sling there is a metal sleeve 6 with a crank 7 located in it, and on the loop 4a, located on the side of the long end of the sling 2a there is a ring 8 for fixing the crank 7.

The device is used as follows:

In case of massive bleeding from the extremities, a tourniquet is applied and fixed: when providing assistance to the victim, the long end of the sling 2a is passed through both rings of the two-ring lock 5, thrown over the far ring and brought back into the near ring, additionally fixing the long end of the sling 2a with a Velcro surface along the entire accessible length; when providing self-help (in case of emergency non-standard use), the running end is thrown over both rings without clamping in them and fixed with a Velcro surface along the entire accessible length of the sling 2.

After fixing the long end of the sling 2a, perform rotational movements with the handle 7, using its entire length as a lever, thus tightening the tourniquet until the bleeding stops, after which the handle is fixed in the ring 8.

The technical result achieved in this case consists in changing the design of the winch to a free sliding metal one in a metal sleeve, which allows using the entire length of the winch as a lever and, if necessary, freely throwing it to the opposite side for fixation with a sewn-on metal ring. The presence of a two-ring lock in the device allows for the initial tightening of the equipped tourniquet-tourniquet on the limb in one movement, while the two-ring lock ensures rigid fixation of the sling from reverse slippage. The entire length of the sling on the outside is provided with a Velcro surface, which allows in an emergency to quickly apply the tourniquet without using the two-ring lock, but simply by threading the sling through the ring. This ensures double protection against reverse slippage of the running end of the sling when tightening the tourniquet.

The use of a tourniquet allows for effective stopping of bleeding when providing self-help, since the combination of a two-ring lock and a Velcro surface provides greater protection against involuntary self-disclosure of the device, and the use of the entire length of the handle as a lever provides greater force for tightening the tourniquet tourniquet.

Claims (1)

A hemostatic tourniquet comprising a base with two loops and a sling threaded through them, having two free ends, characterized in that a two-ring lock is placed on the short end of the sling, a metal sleeve with a handle placed in it, sewn into the sling, is located on the base between the two loops, the long end is made with a Velcro surface to prevent twisting of the sling, and a ring for fixing the handle is located on the loop located on the side of the long end of the sling.