RU2296857C1 - Downhole instrument to perform telemetry and to activate marginal and temporarily shut-in wells - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: well operation, particularly to stimulate marginal and temporary shut-in oil and gas wells.

SUBSTANCE: downhole instrument comprises measuring head 2, decision device 3, executive device 4, recorder 5 and AND circuit 6. All above components are located in common case 1. Measuring head 2 comprises sensor unit 7 and analog-digital converter unit 8. Decision device 3 includes time sensor 11, comparator unit to compare current parameter values with threshold values 9 thereof and AND circuit unit 10. Time sensor may comprise clock-pulse generator 12 provided with electromechanical switch 13 and pulse counter 14. Recorder 5 may be made as removable memory card. Executive device 4 may comprise capacitive storage 15 and electronic commutator. Capacitive storage 15 may include accumulator, multivibrator, high-voltage transformer, rectifier and high-voltage condenser.

EFFECT: extended range of functional capabilities of downhole instrument.

5 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mining equipment, specifically to downhole tools for activating low-production and idle oil and gas wells.

Well-known devices are known (RU 34965, Cl. ЕВВ 47/00, G01V 3/18, 2003; RU 21416, Cl. Е21В 47/00, 2002; RU 49898, Cl. Е21В 47/12, 2005; RU 21615, Cl. Е21В 47/00, 2002; RU 27157, Е21В 47/12, 2003; RU 47437, CL ЕВВ 47/02, 2005; RU 38834, Cl. Е21В 47/00, 2004; RU 21416, Е21В 47/00, 2002 ; RU 23975, Cl. G01D 5/00, 2002; RU 41795, Cl. ЕВВ 43/25, G01V 5/12, 2004; RU 21415, Cl. Е21В 47/00, 2002) containing a sensor unit suspended on a cable in the well and connected through a wire or hydraulic connection line with a ground-based device for recording the activation process of the bottomhole layer of low-production and idle oil and gas wells.

A common drawback of the known devices is the need to install another separate downhole tool in the well - an activator, which provides subsequent reliable ignition or switching on of the corresponding gas generator from the Earth’s surface based on the well’s passport data or visual assessment of telemetric information.

A well-known downhole device for reliable initialization of the activator (RU 2175059, class ЕВВ 43/263, 2001) based on electric or electrochemical ignition of a gas generator, containing a ground explosive machine (inductor) and a downhole electric igniter, interconnected by an electric cable with a small one (to reduce energy losses on cable) resistivity.

The disadvantage of this downhole tool is the weight restriction on the length of the low impedance electric cable (rupture due to its own weight due to the large specific gravity and low strength), which limits its use in relatively deep (more than 1 km) gas and oil wells.

Therefore, downhole tools have found the primary use for initializing oil and gas well activators (RU 30389, Cl. ЕВВ 43/1185, 2003; RU 2232264, Cl. Е21В 43/263, 2004; RU 2175379, Cl. Е21В 43/1185, 2001; RU 2160829, Cl. ЕВВ 43/1185, 2000; SU 1660410, Cl. ЕВВ 43/1185, 1996), which are uncritical to the depth of the well and contain, respectively, a detonator capsule or a glass ampoule with an acid solution, a percussion mechanism and a guide pipe for dropping into well on the impact mechanism of a heavy ball, scrap or water of sufficient volume and pressure.

A prototype of the invention is a downhole tool for activating low-production and idle oil and gas wells (RU 15117, Cl. Е21В 44/00, Е21В 43/25), based on a combination of the above types of downhole tools and including a measuring head installed in a common housing, containing connected by a sensor unit and a block of analog-to-digital converters (telemetric part), as well as an actuator (initializer), interconnected by cable lines through a ground device at making decisions. In this case, the actuator is made in the form of an electromechanical control unit of a source of elastic waves connected through an air duct to a ground compressor.

A disadvantage of the known device is a narrowly functional purpose, namely, only for controlling the activation of wells by longitudinal waves. Another disadvantage is the limitation on the depth of its downhole application, due to the presence of ground-based controls and appropriate ducts for supplying compressed air and cable lines for transmitting telemetric information to the ground surface of the activation process recording device to the Earth’s surface.

The objective of the present invention is to provide a downhole tool for activating low-production and idle oil and gas wells, the design of which has enhanced functionality and allows you to automatically ignite gas generators (perforators and heat generators) and record the activation process of the bottom-hole zone of the well using one downhole tool directly in the well without use of additional ground equipment.

The technical result is the expansion of the functionality of the downhole tool.

The solution of the problem and the specified technical result are achieved by the fact that the downhole tool for activating low-production and idle oil and gas wells, containing a measuring head and an actuator installed in a common housing, the measuring head comprising a series of sensors and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) ), according to the invention, the device is equipped with a recorder, a circuit And and a solver containing a time sensor and connected in series with to compare the current values of the parameters with their threshold values and the block of circuits AND, the second input of which is connected to the output of the time sensor and the first output of the deciding device, the second output of which is connected to the output of the block of circuits And, the input of the deciding device is the input of the block comparing the current values of parameters with their threshold values, while the first output of the solver is connected to the first input of the And circuit, the second input of which is connected to the output of the ADC block, also connected to the input of the solver, the second output which is connected to the control input of the actuator, and the output of the circuit AND is connected to the registrar.

In this case, the time sensor contains a series-connected clock pulse generator with an electromechanical switch and a pulse counter, the counting output of which is connected to the output of the time sensor. The recorder is made in the form of a removable memory unit such as a CompactFlash card. The actuator comprises a capacitive electrical energy storage device and an electronic switch connected in series, the control input of which is connected to the input, and the output to the output of the actuator.

The installation of a solver directly in the downhole tool eliminates the need for communication lines to communicate with ground equipment in order to determine the time of initialization of gas generating equipment (perforators, heat generators) and, thereby, expand the functionality of the downhole tool and solve the problem of downhole restrictions on the length of cable equipment. The supply of the downhole tool with a registrar made in the form of a removable memory block such as a CompactFlash card and connected via the AND circuit to the outputs of the measuring head and the resolver additionally allows expanding the functionality of the downhole tool, namely, recording the activation and processing of the bottomhole zone of the well directly in the well, with subsequent processing of the recorded data of removable memory on a personal computer after lifting the downhole tool to the surface of the Earth at the end of a well activation. The execution of the actuator in the form of a capacitive electric energy storage device containing a series-connected accumulator, multivibrator, high-voltage transformer, rectifier and high-voltage capacitor and connected via an electronic switch to the potential output of the downhole tool allows using a low-power power source (battery) for reliable electric ignition of the corresponding well activator without using ground equipment (explosive machines, inductors) and cable communication lines. At the same time, the weight of the downhole tool practically remained at the level known from mining equipment and does not exceed units of kg.

In general, the indicated technical advantages of the invention make it possible to solve the problem and achieve the claimed technical result, namely, to expand the functionality of the downhole tool and automatically ignite gas generators (perforators and heat generators) and record the activation process of the bottom-hole zone of the well using one downhole tool directly in the well without the use of additional ground equipment.

Figure 1 presents the functional diagram of the downhole tool, figure 2 is a functional diagram of its energy storage.

The downhole device for activating low-production and idle oil and gas wells includes a measuring head 2 installed in a common housing 1 and a decoupling device 3 and an actuator 4 in series, as well as a recorder 5 connected through a circuit 6 And to the outputs of the deciding device 3 and the measuring head 2. The measuring head 2 of the downhole tool includes a series-connected block of 7 sensors and a block 8 of analog-to-digital converters, the output of which is connected to the input of the resolving device 3. The solving device 3 contains a series-connected unit 9 for comparing the current values of the parameters with their threshold values and a block 10 of circuits AND, the second input of which is connected to the output of the time sensor 11. The time sensor 11 comprises a series-connected clock pulse generator 12 with an electromechanical switch 13 and a pulse counter 14. The counting output of the counter 14 is the output of the time sensor 11 and is additionally connected to the first input of the 6 And circuit, the second input of which is connected to the output of the unit 8 of the measuring head 2, and the output to the recorder 5. The recorder 5 is made in the form of a removable memory unit of CompactFlash type with a capacity of at least 10 MB. The output of block 10 of circuits AND of the deciding device 3 is connected to the control input of the actuator 4. The actuator 4 contains serially connected capacitive storage 15 of electric energy and an electronic switch 16, the control input of which is connected to the output of the block 10, and the output to the potential terminals of the actuator 4 The capacitive storage device 15 comprises a series-connected battery 17, a multivibrator 18, a high-voltage transformer 19, a rectifier 20 and a high-voltage capacitor 21.

Downhole device for the activation of low production and idle oil and gas wells works as follows.

Before lowering the downhole tool into the well, its potential leads are connected by busbars to the leads of the igniter of the gas generator igniter and the time sensor 11 is turned on by the switch 13. In this case, the voltage 12 is supplied to the generator 12 and it starts to generate read pulses with a given repetition period, which are supplied to the counter input 14, on which the number corresponding to the delay time is set, the maximum necessary for lowering the downhole equipment, installing a thermal plug (packer) and raising tiya pressure in the well. At the same time, the capacitive energy storage device 15 is turned on. In this case, the multivibrator 18 converts the low-voltage constant voltage of the battery 17 into alternating voltage with a frequency of a few kHz. Further, this alternating voltage is converted by a transformer 19 into a high voltage, which is then converted by a rectifier 20 into a constant high voltage charging a high-voltage capacitor 21. Then, in accordance with the passport data for the well, the downhole tool together with the gas generator is lowered into the well to the level of its bottom-hole zone, for example, on a steel cable. When the well is ready to activate its bottom-hole zone at a time set by the counter 14, an enable signal is issued from its output to the second inputs of circuits I of block 10 and circuit 6 I. At the same time, signals from block 7 of sensors about pressure and temperature in the well through block 8 of measuring head 2 and through the circuit 6 And they go to the recorder 5, where they are stored in his memory about the current values of the readings of the sensors in the well. At the same time, the measured values in head 2 of the readings of the sensors 7 and the signals converted to digital form from block 8 are transmitted to the input of block 9 of the resolver 3. In block 9, the current values of the well parameters are compared with the threshold values necessary to activate the bottom-hole zone of the well. If the current values of the parameters of their threshold values are exceeded, an initialization signal is generated from the output of block 9, which, in the presence of an enable signal from the time sensor 11, passes through block 10 of circuit I and is supplied to the starting input of switch 16. At the same time, the stored energy is stored on the high-voltage capacitor 21 of the capacitive storage 15 discharged through the igniter coil of a gas generating equipment. Depending on the type of gas generating equipment, pulsed and / or heat treatment of the well is performed. The sensors of the block 7 of the measuring head 2 record the current characteristics of the parameters of the well treatment, for example, such as pressure, temperature, speed and acceleration of their change. The analog signals in block 8 are converted to digital form (pulse-code signals) and transmitted through an open circuit 6 to the recorder 5 to memorize the process of activating the bottom-hole zone of the well. After processing the well, the downhole tool rises to the surface of the earth. It connects to a personal computer to compile a well treatment report.

The invention is not limited to the above example of its implementation. In the framework of this invention, other embodiments of its elements are possible. So, for added security, the capacitive drive 15 can be additionally equipped with a separate switch, made in the form of an electronic switch connected to the output of the counter 14.

The downhole tool for activating low-production and idle oil and gas wells is made at the level of the prototype. Held its experimental tests. Tests have shown the possibility of using the downhole tool not only to generate information about the state of the well, but also provided the ability to automatically determine the time of ignition of the gas generator, issuing a command for its electric ignition and memorizing the parameters of the well processing process. Thus, the technical result, which consists in expanding the functionality of the downhole tool, is achieved.

Claims (5)

1. A downhole device for activating low-flowing and idle oil and gas wells, comprising a measuring head and an actuator installed in a common housing, the measuring head comprising a series of sensors and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) unit, characterized in that the device is equipped with a recorder , an “I” circuit and a deciding device containing a time sensor and series-connected unit for comparing the current values of the parameters with their threshold values and a block of circuits AND ”, the second input of which is connected to the output of the time sensor and the first output of the solver, the second output of which is connected to the output of the block of circuits“ I ”, and the input of the solver is the input of the block comparing the current values of the parameters with their threshold values, while the first output of the solver the device is connected to the first input of the AND circuit, the second input of which is connected to the output of the ADC unit, also connected to the input of the solver, the second output of which is connected to the control input of the actuator, and the output d circuit "I" is connected with the registrar. 2. The downhole tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the time sensor comprises serially connected clock pulses with an electromechanical switch and a pulse counter, the counting output of which is connected to the output of the time sensor. 3. The downhole tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the logger is made in the form of a removable memory card. 4. The downhole tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuator comprises serially connected capacitive storage of electrical energy and an electronic switch, the control input of the capacitive storage connected to the input and the output to the output of the actuating device. 5. The downhole tool according to claim 4, characterized in that the capacitive storage of electrical energy contains series-connected battery, multivibrator, high voltage transformer, rectifier and high voltage capacitor.

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