RU2287308C2 - Method for splitting of nut shell and apparatus for effectuating the same - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food-processing industry, in particular, method and equipment for cleaning of nuts from shell.

SUBSTANCE: method involves charging nuts into reservoir and pressurizing the latter; providing action of gas-air medium under pressure upon nut shell, followed by splitting of nut shell by relieving pressure to atmospheric pressure value. Container equipped with opposite openings and spring-loaded relative to bed is used as reservoir. Bed is provided with resilient layer. Container with nuts placed therein is pressurized by pressing container with its one wide opening to resilient layer on bed by means of reciprocating piston with resilient layer pressed to other opening of container. Gas-air medium is supplied under pressure by means of branch pipe communicating with piston.

EFFECT: improved quality of cleaning nuts from shell.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of food industry, in particular to equipment for cleaning nuts from shells.

A known method of breaking the shell of nuts, involving the impregnation of nuts with liquefied gas at a pressure above atmospheric and subsequent cooling to crack the shell by instantly depressurizing the pressure to atmospheric (RU 2048128 C1, IPC 7 A 23 N 5/00, 11/20/1995).

The disadvantages of this method are significant material costs and insufficient quality, since the possibility of destruction of the nut fruit itself is not ruled out.

A known method of breaking the shell of nuts and a device for its implementation, in which the cracking of nuts is carried out due to the pressure drop of the gas-air medium (RU 2086161 C1, IPC 7 A 23 N 5/00, 08/10/1997).

The disadvantages of this method is the complexity of the installation for the implementation of the method and low quality.

The technical result of the claimed group of inventions is to improve the quality and productivity while simplifying the method of breaking the shell of nuts.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of breaking the shell of nuts, including loading the nuts in a sealed container and exposing the shell of nuts to a gas-air medium under pressure, followed by depressurization to atmospheric pressure, a container having a spring loaded relative to the bed with an elastic gasket is used, having opposite positions wide openings, and the container is sealed by pressing the container with one wide opening to the elastic gasket on the bed a reciprocating piston with an elastic gasket pressed against another wide opening of the container.

This embodiment of the claimed method and the constructive implementation of the installation allows, when implemented, to ensure conditions under which the possibility of a defective effect on the walnut kernel is eliminated and the processing time is reduced.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows the installation for breaking the shell of nuts.

The installation contains a container 1 for placing nuts with a net 2, which prevents the nut from spilling out onto the bed 5, having opposite and wide enough openings 3 and 4, as well as spring-loaded relative to the bed 5, on which the elastic gasket 6 is placed. The installation has a reciprocating a piston 7, on which there is a pipe 8 for supplying a gas-air medium under pressure and an elastic gasket 9.

The method of destruction of the shell of nuts is implemented by the installation for its implementation in the following sequence. The piston 7 is in an elevated position, allowing the supply of a container loaded with nuts. After supplying the container with nuts, the container is sealed by lowering the piston 7 with the elastic gasket 9 onto the container opening 3 and then pressing it with the hole 4 to the elastic gasket 6 located on the frame 5. Then, air pressure is supplied through the pipe 2 and the hole on the end face of the piston 7. medium into the container and affect nuts with a pressure of 60-100 atmospheres for 10-40 seconds, during which the pressure inside the shell reaches a sufficient value. After that, the pressure is released for 0.1-0.5 seconds by quickly lifting the piston 7, after which the chopped nuts are removed from the container. In the future, the process is repeated.

The need to use a container having an optimal volume and oppositely located and wide enough openings is due to the fact that the gas-air medium inside the container under pressure when pressure drops to atmospheric (decompression) will exit the container through a layer of nuts in both directions through openings 3 and 4, which provides a reduction in pressure drop time and more effective cracking of the walnut shell.

If the container volume is significantly increased, then the gas-air medium when the pressure is released will pass through a sufficiently thick layer of nuts, which in turn will slow down the decompression process, therefore the maximum achievable pressure difference from the outside and inside the walnut shell will be slightly lower. This means that not all nuts will be cracked. Therefore, an additional expenditure of energy is required to create higher pressures in order to ensure 100% cracking of the nutshell.

Claims (3)

1. A method of destroying a nutshell, comprising loading nuts in a vessel with nozzles, sealing them, exposing the nutshell to a gas-pressurized atmosphere and subsequent cracking of the nutshell by depressurizing to atmospheric pressure, characterized in that a spring loaded relative to the bed is used as a vessel with an elastic gasket a container with opposite openings, the container is sealed by pressing the container with one hole to the elastic gasket on the mill e reciprocating moving piston with a resilient seal pressed against the other opening of the container. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure relief in the container is carried out within 0.1-0.5 s. 3. Installation for breaking the shell of nuts, including a sealed vessel for placing nuts in it and supplying a gas-air medium under pressure to the vessel, characterized in that the sealed vessel is formed by a container with oppositely arranged holes spring-loaded relative to the bed with an elastic gasket, and the installation is equipped with the end part of the hole with a piston with an elastic gasket to ensure sealing of the container by pressing it with one hole to the elastic gasket on the bed and the other hole - to an elastic gasket placed on the piston, and the supply of a gas-air medium under pressure is made in the form of a pipe in communication with the piston.