RU2282790C2 - Heating-boiling stove - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: domestic stoves or ranges for solid fuel.

SUBSTANCE: furnace comprises housing provided with the top plate, front wall provided with door and wind box having throttle gate, back side with vertical air duct, and side with vertical corrugation that are covered with the panels to define air ducts between the corrugated sides and panels. The outputs of the air ducts are combined into the horizontal nozzle that is defined by the edge of the top plate and flange over the top edge of the panel. The air duct along the back side is connected with the casing that embraces the site at which the exhaust pipe is connected with the top plate. The baffle made of a chute underlies the top plate. The top edges of the baffle are directly connected to the top plate. The movable plate is mounted just above the baffle. The profile of the movable plate corresponds to the baffle profile. The rod for moving the plate is set inside the pipe for supplying air to the nozzles.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency.

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for heating various rooms (greenhouses, garages, summer cottages, etc.) and cooking.

A device is known that contains an elongated cylindrical body made of arched air-conducting pipes arranged vertically in a checkerboard pattern with a certain step in the horizontal direction, and the gaps between the pipes are closed by partitions, the back of the body is closed by a wall with an exhaust pipe and a flue gas damper, and in front by a wall a fuel loading hatch and a door with a blower and a throttle valve (US patent No. 4230090, publ. 28.10.80).

This device has a complex and laborious design to manufacture due to the presence of a large number of pipes. The device has a limited scope, because the design does not allow using it for cooking.

A device is known that contains a housing with front, rear and side walls in the form of staggered curved curved air pipes, an exhaust pipe, a fuel loading hatch and a partition, in which the body is equipped with two side sheets enclosing the air pipes with upper and lower rows of openings for air-conducting pipes located on the opposite side, and the partition is mounted above the air-conducting pipes (patent No. 2001352, publ. 15.10.93). This device can be used for cooking, as the top sheet is horizontal.

The disadvantages of the known device:

- the side, front and rear walls have a configuration difficult to manufacture;

- the rear wall does not have air ducts (pipes) and thus does not participate in effective air exchange;

- the back wall and side walls in the spaces between the pipes are actually the walls of the firebox and can heat up to high temperatures, which is a fire and burn hazard.

It is also known a device comprising a housing with a top plate and an exhaust pipe, side and rear walls with vertically arranged air ducts, a bottom, a front wall with a door having a blower with a shutter (RF patent No. 2001353, publ. 15.10.93).

The disadvantage of this device is the low efficiency of mixing air in heated rooms, which creates discomfort due to the large temperature difference between the floor and the ceiling of the room. This is because heated air from the air ducts of this device flows vertically upward and accumulates in the upper part of the room. In addition, the device has an undeveloped inner surface of the combustion chamber, which reduces heat transfer to the air ducts.

The closest technical solution to the invention is a furnace containing a housing with a top plate and a partition installed beneath it, a front wall with a blower door and a throttle, a bottom, rear and side walls made with vertically arranged external air ducts, an exhaust pipe (RF patent No. 2097660, publ. 11/27/97).

Despite the more developed surface of the firebox and somewhat better mixing of air in the room due to the deviation of the jets of heated air from the vertical direction, this furnace has the same disadvantages as the previous device:

- low efficiency of mixing air in the room;

- low heat transfer to the air ducts.

In addition, this furnace design has a cooled bottom, which worsens the combustion conditions of the fuel and leads to an increase in unburned residues.

The present invention solves the problem of increasing heat removal from the combustion chamber and improving the mixing of air in the room.

This is achieved by the fact that in a furnace containing a housing with a top plate and a partition installed beneath it, a front wall with a door with a blower and a throttle, a bottom, a rear and side walls made with vertically arranged external air ducts, an exhaust pipe, side walls of the housing made of corrugated in the vertical direction and closed by panels with the formation between the corrugated wall and the panels of the air ducts, the entrance to which is formed at the bottom of the panels, and the exit is at the top her, while the edges of the upper plate are made protruding beyond the dimensions of the corrugated wall. In this case, it is advisable that the panels in the upper part be flanged, forming a nozzle together with the edges of the upper plate. The nozzle cross-sectional area should be approximately equal to the cross-sectional area of the air-conducting channels formed between the side wall and the panel - this reduces the resistance to movement of the air heated in the channels. It is also advisable to connect the air conduit along the rear wall to the casing covering the junction of the exhaust pipe with the top plate. It is also preferable to connect the upper edges of the partition made in the form of a tray directly with the upper plate. If it is necessary to control the area of the partition, it is advisable to place a movable plate directly above the partition, the transverse profile of which corresponds to the profile of the partition, and bring the rod to move the plate out through the air supply pipe to the nozzles.

Effective mixing of air in the room is ensured due to the collision of the heated air flow in the air ducts with the horizontal edge of the top plate, as a result, the heated air deviates in the horizontal direction and mixes the air in the lower part of the room. This is facilitated by the exit from the air ducts in the form of a horizontal nozzle formed by the upper edge of the plate and the flanging of the panel, as well as the presence of a casing covering the connection of the exhaust pipe to the upper plate.

The corrugated walls in the vertical direction not only reduce the amount of welding work for the formation of gas-conducting channels, but also significantly (up to 2 times) increase the area of the walls of the air-conducting channels heated directly in the furnace, which significantly increases the heat transfer to the air in the air-conducting channels. Increases the area of the heated walls of the air ducts and the implementation of the partition in the form of a tray, the upper edges of which are connected directly to the upper plate.

Based on the foregoing, it can be concluded that the features that distinguish the proposed design of the furnace from the closest known to it according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2097660, can improve heat transfer through the air ducts and improve the mixing of air in the room.

Information about the fame of the distinguishing features in the totality of the characteristics of the known technical solutions with the achievement of the same as the claimed device, there is no positive effect.

Figure 1, 2, 3 depict front views of the furnace, side and top, figure 4 is a sectional view, figure 5 is a top view with the removed top plate and casing.

The furnace consists of a casing with a top plate 1, bottom 2, front wall 3 with a door 4 having a blower with a throttle 5, a rear wall 6 with a vertical air duct 7, side walls 8 and 9 corrugated in the vertical direction, which are closed by panels 10, respectively and 11 with the formation between the wall 8 and the panel 10 of the air ducts 12, and between the wall 9 and the panel 11 - air ducts 13. The corrugations in the cross section of the walls 8 and 9 can be of various shapes - rectangular, trapezoidal, triangular, sine oidal, etc. The panels 10 and 11 can also be made corrugated in the vertical direction with a step equal to the step of the corrugations on the walls 8 and 9, but with the displacement of the corrugations to form air-conducting channels.

The inlets 14 into the air ducts 12 and 13 are formed at the lower edge of the panels 10 and 11, and the exits 15 in the form of a nozzle are formed at the upper edge of these panels, while the nozzles are formed by the edges of the plate 1 protruding beyond the dimensions of the corrugated walls 8 and 9 and flanges in the upper part panels 10 and 11. The cross-sectional area of the nozzle 15 should be approximately equal to the cross-sectional area of the air ducts 12 (or 13).

The junction of the exhaust pipe 16 with the upper plate 1 is closed by a casing 17 connected to the air duct 7.

The outlet of the air heated in the channel 7 and the casing 17 is carried out through the hole 18. A shutter 19 is installed in the exhaust pipe 16. Under the top plate 1 there is a partition 20 made in the form of a tray, and the upper edges of the tray are connected directly to the plate 1. In the central part of the upper plate 1, a burner 21 is installed. Air ducts located at the edge of the partition 20 can be equipped with nozzles 22 for supplying secondary air (Fig. 4).

If it is necessary to adjust the area of the partition 20 during operation of the furnace directly above the partition 20, a movable plate 23 can be installed, the transverse profile of which corresponds to the profile of the partition 20. It is advisable to place the rod 24 for moving the plate 23 inside the air supply tube 25 to the nozzles 26 (see 5 is a top view of the furnace with the removed top plate 1 and the casing 17). The air supply tube 25 may be led to the front wall 3 (as shown in FIG. 5) or to the rear wall 6 (not shown). The rod 25 is equipped with a handle 27, blocking the entrance to the tube 25 when moving the movable plate 23 to the extreme position to the pipe.

To improve fuel combustion, the bottom 2, it is advisable to insulate or install a plate 28, preventing the removal of the ash layer from the bottom 2 of the furnace.

The operation of the furnace is as follows.

A furnace chamber is loaded through door 4, where solid fuel is burned (firewood, wood waste, coal, dung, etc.). In the kindling mode, the shutters 5 and 19 are fully opened, and the movable plate 23 is pushed to the extreme position to the pipe 16. This creates a good draft with intensive burning of fuel and quickly warms up the room due to air circulation and intensive heating of dishes with food on the top plate. Cold air is sucked into the inlets 14 into the air ducts 12 and 13, warmed up, passing through the indicated channels, and enters the room through horizontal nozzles 15 formed by the upper edge of the plate 1 and flanges of panels 10 and 11. Cold air entering the lower hole of the air duct 7, is heated from the back wall 6, and then in the casing 17 - from the pipe 16 and the upper plate 1, and then enters the room through the hole 18.

The furnace is put into operation in the mode of prolonged (smoldering) combustion by adjusting the air supply by the shutter 5 and the exhaust gas by the shutter 19, while if the stove has a movable plate 23, the latter is moved to the front wall 3. Air for burning combustible gases into furnace design without a movable plate is fed through nozzles 22 (figure 4), and in a design with a movable plate (figure 5) through a tube 25 and nozzle 26. This mode allows for a long time (up to 8 hours) to provide warm air to the room .

The design of the furnace with air ducts formed by the vertical corrugated wall and panel, the exits from which are combined by a nozzle formed by the edge of the top plate and the flanging of the panel, the partition in the form of a tray, the upper edges of which are connected directly to the top plate, can significantly increase the heat transfer from the furnace chamber to the air in the air ducts (due to a significant increase in the area of the walls of the combustion chamber), to increase the efficiency of air movement in the lower th part of the room and create comfortable conditions in the room, as heated air is pumped through a horizontal nozzle.

Additionally improves the mixing of air in the room and allows you to cool the heat-stressed places of the furnace by connecting the air-conducting channel along the rear wall with a casing covering the junction of the exhaust pipe with the top plate.

The design of the furnace is technologically advanced in production, meets the requirements of fire and burn safety, and the presence of a window in the shutter 19 ensures the fire safety of the furnace. Compared with other designs, this furnace achieves the ability to shut off the air supply to the nozzles (in the version with a movable plate).

Claims (2)

1. Heating and cooking stove, comprising a housing with a top plate and a partition installed beneath it, a front wall with a blower door and a throttle, a bottom, rear and side walls made with vertically arranged external air ducts, an exhaust pipe, nozzles for supplying a secondary air, characterized in that the air ducts at the side walls are formed between the vertical corrugated side walls and the outer panels, the edges of the upper plate being made stepping over the corrugated wall dimensions, the panels in the upper part are flanged, forming, together with the edges of the upper plate, a nozzle, the cross-sectional area of which is approximately equal to the cross-sectional area of the air ducts formed between the side wall and the panel, the air duct made along the back wall is connected to the casing covering the junction of the exhaust pipe with the upper plate, and the upper edges of the partition made in the form of a tray are connected directly to the upper plate. 2. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the rod for moving the movable plate for regulating the area of the partition is placed with the possibility of movement inside the air supply tube to the nozzles.

Images