RU2278318C2 - Light-emitting diode lamp with distributed polychromatic light beam - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: lighting.

SUBSTANCE: lamp comprises transparent plafond, light-emitting diodes that have different spectra of emission and are distributed over the plafond, power source, and controller for control of current of the light-emitting diodes. The lamp is divided into the illumination zones. The light-emitting diodes are built in the plafond body so that their light beams enter the platform. The section of each zone of the plafond comprises several light-emitting diodes.

EFFECT: reduced weight and simplified assembling.

13 cl, 23 dwg

Description

The claimed invention relates to light sources with a distributed along the length of the light flux and may find application as a controlled light sign, marker, element of an advertising information device, lighting device or alarm.

Known lamp with a distributed light flux, described in US patent No. 4375966, "Light strip and method of its manufacture (Strip lights and method of making the same)", MKI F 21 V 15/00, NCI 362/240, publ. 04/15/1983.

The lamp is made in the form of a hollow, transparent shade. Inside the plafond, light devices are installed with a distribution along its length. The ceiling, in turn, is installed in a box-shaped case, which is the lamp holder.

A disadvantage of the known technical solution is that it uses incandescent lamps, which leads to heating of the ceiling. Incandescent lamps have a short life and are susceptible to shock and vibration. In addition, the installation of lamps requires a special device, which complicates its production and installation and increases the cost of the product. A known lamp cannot be bent during installation, which limits its scope.

Closer in technical essence and adopted for the prototype is an LED lamp with distributed polychromatic light flux, described in US patent No. 6361186, IPC F 21 V 21/00 "Simulated neon light lamp using LEDs (Simulated neon light using LED, s) ", NKI 362/249, publ. 03/26/2002

Known lamp consists of a lampshade in the form of a translucent hollow tube mounted on a box-shaped case. Inside the housing along its length are LEDs with different emission spectra. The ceiling has edges that fit into the corresponding protrusions in the housing. The body is a lamp holder. The LEDs in it are connected to the controller, which controls their total color, brightness, and its cyclicity due to changes in the LED currents and the sequence of their inclusion.

A disadvantage of the known LED lamp is the high complexity of manufacturing and the high cost of the product. Obtaining a uniform in magnitude and color of the glow of the lamp is difficult. In addition, the installation of a known lamp is associated with certain difficulties.

The problems solved by this invention are: reducing the complexity of manufacturing, reducing the cost of the product and weight, simplifying installation, providing a more uniform light distribution along the length, improving visibility, increasing the decorative properties of the lamp. In addition, the task is to expand the range of application of the product.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the LED lamp with distributed polychromatic light flux containing a transparent shade, LEDs with different emission spectra distributed along the shade, an electric power source and a controller that controls the amount of LED current, according to the invention, the LEDs are inserted into the shade body so that their light fluxes pass in the plane of the cross section of the ceiling, with several LEDs installed in each section.

In the embodiment of the technical solution, the plafond is hollow, the LEDs are installed around the perimeter of the plafond, and only the emitting part of the LEDs is introduced into the plafond cavity.

In a variant of the technical solution, the plafond is made of solid material.

In a variant of the technical solution, LEDs are inserted into the ends of the plafond so that their light fluxes are directed into the plafond.

In an embodiment of the invention, the cross-section of the ceiling has a circular shape.

In an embodiment of the invention, the cross-section of the ceiling has the shape of a polyhedron.

In a variant of the technical solution, the cross-section of the ceiling has the shape of a rectangle.

In a variant of the technical solution, the cross-section of the ceiling is made in the form of a hemisphere.

In a variant of the technical solution, the plafond has V-shaped transverse indentations on the side opposite to the LEDs located in this section.

In an embodiment of the invention, the outer surface of the lampshade comprises corrugations extending along its surface.

In a variant of the technical solution, the inner surface of the hollow ceiling is made with corrugations extending along its surface.

In an embodiment of the technical solution, the surface of the lampshade is subjected to a matting operation.

In an embodiment of the technical solution, the outer surface of the lampshade is painted in a certain color, for example, blue.

The presence of several LEDs installed in one section allows to increase the brightness of the lamp and its decorative properties. At the same time, the manufacturing process of the lamp is reduced, its cost is reduced, installation is simplified and the uniformity of the light flux along the length increases. In addition, the distance between the LEDs can be increased, which further reduces the cost of the product. The lamp can be bent during installation as much as the material from which the lampshade is made, which expands the range of its application.

The execution of the lampshade is hollow, in the cavity of which the emitting parts of the LEDs are introduced, reduces the loss of light transmission and helps to increase the brightness of the lamp.

The execution of the lampshade of solid material provides high lamp strength.

The presence of LEDs at the ends of the lampshade, the light flux of which is directed inside the lampshade, increases the brightness and uniformity of the glow along the length and makes it possible to improve its decorative properties due to a greater variety of color shades.

The round cross-sectional shape of the ceiling is familiar to the consumer and relatively simple to manufacture.

The use of a dome with a cross section in the form of a polyhedron expands the range of application of the lamp.

The cross-shaped ceiling with the shape of a rectangle is convenient for installation and easy to manufacture.

The implementation of the cross section of the ceiling in the form of a hemisphere makes it possible to reduce the weight of the ceiling.

V-shaped indentations on the side opposite to the LEDs located in this section of the lampshade provide greater uniformity of light distribution due to the fact that the surfaces formed by the indentation, being natural reflectors, partially direct the light flux into the lampshade.

The corrugation of the outer surface of the lamp cover provides a more uniform glow.

The corrugation of the inner surface of the hollow ceiling makes it possible to create additional lighting effects due to the specific reflective properties of the surface.

Matting the surface of the lamp cover also contributes to the uniform distribution of its luminous flux.

The presence of various versions of the lamp makes the lamp almost universal.

The presence of the color of the outer surface of the lamp in a certain color, for example blue, allows you to expand the spectrum of the lamp radiation.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a LED lamp, cross section.

In Fig.2 there is an embodiment of a lamp shade with a cavity inside.

Figure 3 shows a LED lamp, side view.

Figure 4 shows a transverse section of the ceiling, made in the form of a rectangle, with LEDs.

Figure 5 presents a cross section of a ceiling made in the form of a rectangle with an internal cavity and with LEDs passing inside the cavity.

Figure 6 shows a transverse section of the ceiling with an internal cavity with LEDs mounted inside the cavity.

Figure 7 shows a cross section of an LED lamp, in which the ceiling is made hollow in the form of a hemisphere.

On Fig presents a lamp in which the ceiling is made continuous in the form of a hemisphere.

Fig. 9 shows a lamp with LEDs inserted into the ends of the lampshade.

Figure 10 shows the end surface of a round lampshade with LEDs.

Figure 11 shows the end surface of the lampshade, made in the form of a polygon.

On Fig drawn ceiling lamp with V-shaped indentations on its surface.

On Fig shows a cross section of a continuous lampshade of a round shape with a V-shaped indentations.

Fig. 14 shows a cross-section of a shade with a circular shape and with a cavity inside with V-shaped indentations.

On Fig shows a cross section of a circular lampshade with an external corrugated surface.

On Fig shows a cross section of a hollow lampshade lamp with corrugations on its outer and inner surfaces.

On Fig given a variant of the electrical circuit of the lamp, in which the LEDs in groups have the same emission spectrum.

On Fig depicts a variant of the circuit diagram in which the LEDs in the groups have a different emission spectrum.

On Fig presents a diagram of possible changes in the voltage of the generators depending on time.

On Fig there is a variant of the principle multi-wire circuitry with decoders.

On Fig shows an electrical circuit for switching groups of LEDs.

On Fig depicts a circuit diagram with decoders and high-speed microprocessor control system.

On Fig presents a diagram of the sequence of pulses for the circuit of Fig.22.

Elements common to all figures are denoted identically.

LED lamp with distributed polychromatic luminous flux is made as follows. In a transparent shade 1, which simultaneously serves as a light guide, (Fig. 1) LEDs 2 with a different emission spectrum are installed. The cross section of the ceiling 1 has a round shape, for example, in the form of an oval or circle. It is made of solid material. The LEDs 2 are inserted into the body of the ceiling light guide 1 so that their light fluxes are directed inside the ceiling. In each cross section of the ceiling there are several (3 shown) LEDs. In this case, the lamp is divided into glow zones. Each zone is determined by a combination of light fluxes from the LEDs located in adjacent sections of the ceiling 1. The back side of the LEDs, together with the output terminals supplying wires and switching elements, is sealed with insulating tape 3 or filled with insulating compound. The ceiling is attached to the surface 4 using ties 5 with paws 6. A spring lining 7 is introduced under the body of the ceiling. One of the ends of the lamp is equipped with a contact connector for connecting an external power source (not shown). As the material of the lampshade, vinyl plastic, polyacrylate or another transparent polymer can be used.

In a variant of the technical solution, the ceiling 1 is made hollow with an internal cavity 8 (figure 2). The LEDs 2 are mounted so that the emitting part of the LEDs enters the cavity 8 of the lamp 1. The couplers 5 are located at a certain distance along the lamp 1 (Fig. 3). Fastening to the surface 4 is carried out using screws or screws passing into the holes of the legs 6 (not marked).

In a variant of the technical solution, the cross-section of the ceiling 1 has the shape of a rectangle in FIG. 4. In this case, the LEDs 2 are installed in the lower part of the lampshade and are also introduced into its body. All other construction details and mounting methods are similar to FIGS. 1-3.

In an embodiment of the technical solution, the ceiling-light guide 1 with a rectangular cross section is provided with a cavity 8 (Fig. 5), and the LEDs installed in its lower region enter the cavity with its radiating part in the same way as in Fig. 2. The remaining structural elements and methods of attachment to the surface are similar to figures 1-3.

In an embodiment of the invention, the cross-section of the luminaire 1 has the shape of a polyhedron and it can also be made of solid material or have an internal cavity with LEDs entering the cavity, similarly to FIGS. 2, 5. The LEDs are installed in faces opposite to the luminous surface of the lamp (not shown).

In a variant of the technical solution, the LEDs 2 are located on the boards 9 and together with the boards are installed inside the cavity 8 of the ceiling 1 (Fig.6). Bottom of the board are elements of switching and control of 10 LEDs. The boards are interconnected by plates (not shown). In this case, the cross-section of the ceiling can be made round, oval, rectangular or in the form of a polyhedron.

In a variant of the technical solution, the cross-section of the ceiling 1 is made in the form of a hemisphere with a cavity 8 (Fig. 7). The LEDs 2 are placed on the boards 11. The boards with LEDs are mounted on the inner surface of the housing 12, made in the form of a U-shaped channel, between the shelves 13. The hemisphere of the ceiling is located between the shelves 13 of the channel and covers the LEDs from above. After installing the hemisphere, the flanges 13 are flared to fix the ceiling 1 inside the housing 12. It is possible to seal the gap between the flanges 13 and the ceiling 1 using epoxy resins or special sealants. To the outer surface 4, the housing 12 is attached using external shelves 14 located parallel to its inner surface, with screws, screws or with glue.

In an embodiment of the technical solution, the hemisphere-shaped shade is continuous (Fig. 8), and the LEDs 2 are inserted inside the hemisphere from the side of its flat part. For this, the corresponding recesses are made in the body of the lampshade. While the remaining elements of the lamp are made similarly to Fig.7.

In a variant of the technical solution, LEDs 15 with a different emission spectrum are inserted into the ends of the lampshade 1 so that their light fluxes are directed into the lampshade along its axis (Fig. 9). Figures 10 and 11 give an idea of the installation of LEDs in the end surfaces for a circular cross section of a ceiling-light guide 1 (Fig. 10) and for a multifaceted one (Fig. 11). Moreover, the option with end LEDs is equally suitable for a continuous ceiling, and for a light guide with an internal cavity. In the first case, the LEDs 15 are inserted by their radiating part into the body of the light guide 1 (in the corresponding recesses), and in the second case, they are located on the end surfaces and shine inside the cavity 8. In this case, the shape of the cross section does not matter. In any case, the back side of the end LEDs 15, together with the lead wires, is filled with epoxy resin or sealed with waterproof adhesive tape. One of the ends of the lamp is also equipped with a contact connector for connecting the lamp to a power supply system (not shown).

In an embodiment of the technical solution, the ceiling 1 has a V-shaped transverse indentation 16 (Fig.12-14) on the luminous surface, on the side opposite to the LEDs 2 located in this section. These indentations, when viewed from the side (Fig. 12), resemble a cisoid or semi-cubic parabola with a sharp cavity (cusp) located above the LEDs and branches that fit smoothly on the sides and into the outer surface of the body of the ceiling parallel to its axis of symmetry. In all variants of the execution of the lampshade, it is possible to organize such indentations, regardless of whether the lampshade is hollow or solid (Figs. 13, 14). The shape of the cross section of the ceiling can also be different, for example polyhedral or rectangular, oval or in the form of a circle.

In a variant of the technical solution, the surface of the lampshade has longitudinal grooves (corrugations) 17 (Fig. 15). Corrugations can be performed regardless of the shape of the section and the type of execution of the body (solid or hollow, with or without indentations).

In a variant of the technical solution, the inner surface of the cavity 8 of the hollow ceiling is provided with corrugations (longitudinal grooves) 18 (Fig. 16). In this case, it is possible to perform corrugations both on the inside and on the outside of the ceiling 1.

In a technical solution, the outer surface of the lampshade is frosted.

In an embodiment of the technical solution, the outer surface of the lampshade is painted in a certain color, for example, blue.

In an embodiment of the electrical circuit (Fig. 17), all the LEDs are divided into groups with a specific emission spectrum. Each group is connected to the corresponding generator. So LEDs 2 'with a red spectrum of radiation are connected to the generator 19, LEDs with a green spectrum of 2' 'are connected to the generator 20, and LEDs with a blue spectrum of 2' '' to the generator 21. In turn, the LEDs 15 are also divided into groups with different color respectively 15 ', 15' ', 15' '' and are connected respectively to the generators 22, 23, 24. The emission spectrum of the LEDs 15 may differ from the emission spectrum of the LEDs 2, for example, yellow, blue and orange. The number of LEDs can be increased by introducing additional LEDs with emission spectra other than those listed. The generators are connected to the controller 25, made on the basis of a microprocessor. The entire system is connected to the power circuit through a voltage converter (not shown) and has a common switch 26.

In an embodiment of the circuit diagram, LEDs 2 and 15, groups of LEDs consist of elements having a different emission spectrum. LEDs in groups are connected in series with parallel circuits. Each group is electrically connected to one of the generators 19-24 (Fig.19). The number of groups is limited by the number of generators and the desired color gamut of radiation. The voltage of the generators varies according to a random law and can be set by the microprocessor system according to a specific program. As an example in FIG. 19, the voltage diagram of the generators is distributed as follows. For generator 19, this diagram is indicated by the number 27, for generator 20 by the number 28, for generator 21 by the number 29, for the generator 22 by the number 30, for the generator 23 by the number 31, for the generator 24 by the number 32. The voltage variation graphs may differ from those shown in Fig. 19 .

In an embodiment of the electric circuit, the LEDs located in each section 2a, 2b, 2c and 15d, 15e, etc., are equipped with decoders 33a, 33d, 33c, etc., respectively. The decoders are connected via a common bus 34 and 35 to a microprocessor 36. The light sources of each section are connected to alternating voltage generators located in a common power supply unit 37. Wires 38, 39, 40, and 41 supplying the LEDs of each section leave the generators. The number of wires depends on the spectral composition of the LEDs. For example, if each section has LEDs with red 2 ', green 2' ', blue 2' '' and yellow 2 '' '' emission spectra, and in the end parts 15 ', 15' ', etc., then the number of wires increases accordingly. The common wire is indicated by the number 42. Each set of LEDs of this section is equipped with a key element, which is turned on by the signals of the decoder. The key elements 43, 44, 45 (FIG. 21) respectively include LED sets 2a, 2b and 2c. The connection schemes of the end LEDs 15 are similarly implemented. For example, transistors can be used as key elements. The number of such key elements corresponds to the number of LED sets.

In an embodiment of a circuit diagram, a control unit with a microprocessor 36 (Fig. 22) is structurally coupled to an alternating voltage generator (not indicated). The LEDs 2 of each section of the lampshade and the end LEDs 15 also have decoders 33a, 33b, 33c, etc. The decoders are electrically connected to the microprocessor 36 by buses 34 and 35. Communication with the generator is carried out using wires 38 and 39.

The voltage pulses are distributed along the wires 28, 39 (Fig. 23), along which there is a set of voltage pulses 46. The pulses go with a high frequency, and their combination and amplitude are set by the microprocessor program 36.

LED lamp with distributed polychromatic luminous flux acts as follows. The luminous flux from the LEDs 2 (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8), reflected from the inner surface, propagates along the luminaire 1. At the same time, the LEDs are firmly fixed inside the luminaire, and the luminaire itself propagates the luminous flux into the surrounding space. The presence of several LEDs in one section of the lampshade opens up great opportunities for light distribution and the formation of color parameters of the lamp. So, part of the LEDs can be turned off in a particular area of the lamp, and a combination of their light flux, taking into account the different emission spectrum, will allow you to create a whole gamut of color, distributed along the length.

If the ceiling light guide 1 is made of solid material (Figs. 1, 4, 8, 13), then its strength is increased. Most of the materials from which the ceiling is supposed to be made allow it to bend at a certain radius, which greatly facilitates the installation of the lamp and makes it possible to give it a specific configuration. If the ceiling 1 is made with an internal cavity 8 (Fig.2, 5, 6, 7, 14, 15), then the material consumption of the product is reduced, however, bending may deform the lamp. At the same time, the loss of light flux in such a ceiling will be less. The difference in the shape of the cross section of the ceiling 1 (Fig. 1, 4, 5, 11) allows you to expand the range of application of the lamp, in certain cases facilitates its installation. In particular, if the cross-sectional shape of the ceiling has a rectangular shape (Figs. 4, 5), then the installation of LEDs in it is facilitated. Convenient from this point of view, and the shape of the cross section of the ceiling in the form of a polyhedron (11). In the embodiment, when the LEDs are inserted inside the cavity 8 of the lampshade 1 (Fig.6), provides a better tightness of the product. This lamp design is good for special operating conditions, i.e. at high humidity and with increased safety requirements. Especially it should be highlighted options in which the ceiling light guide is made in the form of a hemisphere (Fig.7, 8). This type of design is convenient when installing LEDs, during installation and helps to reduce the material consumption of the product.

The use of end LEDs 15 (Fig.9, 10, 11) makes it possible to expand the range of possible combinations of light fluxes and provides greater uniformity in the distribution of light flux along the length of the lamp.

If in the ceiling 1 there are V transverse indentations (Figs. 12, 13, 14), then in this case the light flux will be distributed more evenly along the lamp zones. This is due to the fact that these depressions act as reflectors, reflecting from which the light flux will be partially distributed along the ceiling. Corrugation (Fig, 16) perform two functions. On the one hand, they structure the luminous flux, distributing it along the ceiling, on the other hand, they provide some decorative effect, since longitudinal stripes will decorate the lamp.

In the case when the outer surface of the lampshade is painted in a certain color, for example blue, red or some other, it will allow to expand the range of application of the lamp. This is due to the fact that the external coloring will allow you to adjust the spectral composition of the total radiation flux.

If the LEDs 2 and 15 are distributed into groups with a specific emission spectrum according to Fig. 17, then when the voltage of the individual generators is changed according to the law shown, for example, in Fig. 19, the total luminous flux will change. The resulting color will depend on the color components. As a result, the luminous surface of the lampshade 1 will gradually change in color and in the light flux. These changes will occur synchronously across the entire surface.

If the LEDs are distributed into groups according to the embodiment of FIG. 18, then in this case the changing color of the lamp will be more diverse. All areas of the surface of the lampshade 1 will be colored differently, which will create a colorful effect of a kaleidoscopic play of color and light along the entire length of the lamp.

The presence of the microprocessor system 36 (Fig.20) allows you to turn on and off the LED according to the required law specified by the program. The color of the paws will be even more diverse. The microprocessor 36 provides encoded commands on the buses 34, 35 to turn on the LEDs of one section or another or the end LEDs and LEDs of each emission spectrum. Decoders 33 read the signal, prepare to turn on one or another set of LEDs 2 and 15 of this section or board and include a programmed set of LEDs of this section or board (key elements 43, 44, 45). In this case, the total luminous flux and color of each zone of the ceiling 1 depends on the number of LEDs turned on and their emission spectrum.

The use of a high-speed microprocessor coupled to a generator (Fig. 22) allows you to turn on the generator for a short time. On the buses 34, 35 pass coded pulses to turn on one or another section and the code to turn on one or another LED in each particular section or at the ends of the lampshade. Decoders for the encoded signal open channels for receiving pulses from the generator. Pulse transit times are calculated in thousandths of a second. At the same time, LEDs with a certain emission spectrum flash and go out for a short time. In the presence of a large number of pulses passing with high frequency, the human eyes perceive the general luminous flux of the paws as fused. The luminous flux will be determined by the total composition of the LEDs 2 on. The installed power of the generator can be reduced, since the generator operating time is reduced. In addition, the circuit uses only one pulse generator. This option provides an endless and non-repetitive gamut of colors, spread over the entire length of the lamp. Thus, the proposed LED lamp with a polychromatic luminous flux, in contrast to the known lamps of this type, has new qualitative characteristics that can improve its decorative properties and expand the range of its application.

Claims (14)

1. An LED lamp with a polychromatic light flux containing a transparent shade, LEDs with different emission spectra distributed along the shade, an electric power source and a controller that controls the amount of LED current, characterized in that the lamp is divided into glow zones, the LEDs are inserted into the shade body so that their light fluxes pass into the ceiling, with several LEDs installed in the cross section of each zone of the ceiling. 2. The LED lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the plafond is hollow, the LEDs are installed around the perimeter of the plafond, and only the emitting part of the LEDs is inserted into the plafond cavity. 3. The LED lamp according to claim 1, characterized in that the ceiling is made of solid material. 4. The LED lamp according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that LEDs are inserted into the ends of the plafond so that their light fluxes are directed into the plafond. 5. The LED lamp according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cross section of the ceiling has a circular shape. 6. The LED lamp according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cross section of the lampshade has the shape of a polyhedron, and the LEDs are installed in faces opposite to the luminous surface of the lampshade. 7. The LED lamp according to claim 2, characterized in that the LEDs are located on the boards and, together with the boards, are installed inside the luminaire cavity together with switching and control elements. 8. The LED lamp according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cross section of the ceiling has the shape of a rectangle. 9. The LED lamp according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cross section of the ceiling is made in the form of a hemisphere. 10. The LED lamp according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ceiling has a V-shaped transverse indentation on the side opposite to the LEDs located in this section. 11. The LED lamp according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the outer surface of the ceiling is made with corrugations extending along its surface. 12. The LED lamp according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inner surface of the hollow ceiling is made with corrugations extending along its surface. 13. The LED lamp according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the surface of the lampshade is frosted. 14. LED lamp according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the outer surface of the lampshade is painted in a certain color.

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