RU227587U1 - ACTIVE SWRASHER WITH ROBOTIC FRUIT SEPARATION SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to machines for harvesting melons and melons. An active type windrower with a robotic system, containing a frame mounted on the front linkage of the tractor with active working parts, presented in the form of a roller drum, installed offset in the direction of movement and horizontally to the soil surface; the windrower frame is connected to the tractor linkage using a hydraulic cylinder, which allows you to move the windrower from the transport position to the working position and back, the roller drum is driven by a hydraulic motor, which allows you to change the rotation speed of the drum, thereby changing the speed of the fruit entering the windrow, the roller drum rotates against the direction of movement of the tractor, thereby tensioning the lashes, and at maximum tension of the lashes they are separated from the stalk; self-aligning wheels are installed at the edges of the windrower, which allow high-quality copying of the field topography; in the extreme part of the frame, where the fruits pass from the roller drum into the windrow, a video camera is installed that determines the size and quality characteristics of the fruits according to previously loaded parameters into the laptop , after which the neural network determines whether the fruit is of high quality or not and transmits a signal to the electric cylinder of the handle with a blade, which subsequently performs a forced selection of fruits, removing them from the formed windrow, without damaging the fruits. Ensures high-quality harvesting of melons and melons. 2 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to machines for harvesting melons and melons.

A known rake of melon crops contains a vehicle, an angular frame with sections of working parts hingedly attached to it, made in the form of oblique fruit-shifting bars connected to support rollers installed behind the fruit-shifting bars, a fruit-shifting device installed in front of the front wheels of the vehicle, while it equipped with a pressing roller, symmetrically located relative to the center line of the vehicle and hinged on the corner frame, and a fruit-shifting device installed in front of the front wheels of the vehicle is made in the form of a straight wedge, and the pressing roller is installed behind the vehicle and spring-loaded relative to the corner frame (patent RU 2111643 C1.MPK6 A01D 4500 Racking of melons. Publ.

The disadvantages of the rake include significant damage to the fruit due to double rolling and imperfect design of the working parts.

A rake of melon crops is known, containing a triangular-shaped working body mounted on a mover, and the sides of the working body are made in an arc, with the lower part of the arc shifted forward relative to its upper part (RU patent 2112351 C1. MPK6 A01D 51/00. Rakes of melons and melons). Publ. 06/10/1998)

The disadvantages of the rake include significant injury to the fruit due to dragging the fruit along the surface of the ground and when the fruit slides along the sides.

A known rake for melon crops contains a triangular-shaped working body with curved sidewalls mounted on a tractor frame, each sidewall is formed by sequentially installed bobbins made of elastic material, equipped with a jet drive and placed above the pushers, while the side surface of the bobbin is formed by the rotation of an arc concave to the axis of rotation of the bobbin circle, the bobbin shaft, installed at an angle to the direction of movement, is coupled in the lower part with lugs, each of them is made curved, preferably along an arc of a circle, the said sidewalls are equipped with braid rollers placed under the bobbins (RU patent 2310314 C1. IPC A01D 45/ 00 Racking of melons and melons Publ. 20.11.2007.)

The disadvantages of the rake include significant injury to the fruit when exposed to pushers and repeated rolling.

A known rake for melons and melons contains a frame mounted in front of the tractor, mounted at an angle to the direction of movement of the tractor and supported on a caster wheel, and a working body for displacing the fruits in the lateral direction, the sidewall is equipped with braiding rods, and the working body for displacing the fruits in the lateral direction made in the form of a hollow roller equipped with a drive, placed by means of axles, bearing supports and brackets in front of the sidewall, while the driving axle of the hollow roller is kinematically connected to a caster wheel located behind the sidewall, pivotally connected to the frame and equipped with the ability to be moved to the transport position; braid-tearing rods are placed on the sidewall in increments of 0.75-1.25 m; each braid-tearing rod is formed by a round rod with a diameter of 12-20 mm and is mounted on the sidewall with the possibility of free rotation around a vertical axis and displacement along it; the braid-tearing rod has front, working and rear sections; the frame is U-shaped and mounted with the possibility of dismantling on the tractor side members; the end of the sidewall remote from the hinges of the frame is equipped with an E-shaped elastic element for removing fruit; The kinematic chain of the hollow drum drive is formed by the first chain circuit placed on sprockets mounted on the caster shaft and on the receiving shaft of the lower bevel gearbox, bevel gears of the lower bevel gearbox mounted on the caster fork, vertically installed in the cavity of the caster fork bushing of the hollow splined shaft , connecting the output shaft of the lower bevel gearbox and the receiving shaft of the upper bevel gearbox, bevel gears of the upper bevel gearbox, a driveshaft with Hooke joints at the ends and a second chain circuit located on sprockets mounted on the drive journal of the hollow roller and the driven intermediate shaft; the working body for displacing fruits in the lateral direction is made in the form of hollow rollers installed sequentially on the sidewall, mutually connected by driven and driving axles and placed by them in bearing supports in the sidewall brackets, while at the junction of the driving and driven axles there is a sprocket for their drive; shields made of elastic material are mounted at the ends of the hollow rollers; the drive of the working element is made in the form of a kinematic chain formed by the first chain circuit placed on sprockets mounted on the caster wheel shaft and on the receiving shaft of the lower bevel gearbox, bevel gears of the lower bevel gearbox mounted on the caster wheel fork, vertically installed in the cavity of the caster fork bushing wheels of a hollow splined shaft connecting the output shaft of the lower bevel gearbox and the receiving shaft of the upper bevel gearbox, and the bevel gears of the upper bevel gearbox and the second chain circuit mounted on sprockets mounted on the end of the output shaft of the upper bevel gearbox and the drive journal of the hollow roller. (RU patent) 2315465 C1. IPC A01D 45/00/Racking of melons. Published on January 27, 2008, bulletin No. 3).

The disadvantages of the rake include injury to the fruit, as well as poor-quality separation of the lashes from the stalk, which further worsens the harvesting process.

A known roller-type rake for melon crops contains a frame mounted on the front linkage of the tractor with working bodies formed by sequentially installed roller drums with an offset, the drums are installed horizontally relative to the soil surface and are interconnected by drive gears, the lower drum is a braided one with star hooks, and the upper drum is auger type. type, the lifting drum is the leading one, it rotates in the direction of movement of the tractor when the lugs interact with the soil, thereby pinching the lashes and further separating them from the stalk, while copying the topography of the field, and the fruit lifting drum rotates in the opposite direction, thereby capturing the fruit melon crops and directing them into the windrow, the fruit-severing drum is shifted forward relative to the whip-severing drum, this arrangement allows for the simultaneous separation of the cane from the stalk, without damaging the fruit, the windrower frame is connected to the tractor hitch using a hydraulic cylinder, which allows you to move the windrower from the transport position to working and back. (RU patent 200486 U1, IPC A01D 45/00/ Roller-type rake for melons and melons. Published 10/27/2020 Bulletin No. 30).

The disadvantages of the swather include poor quality harvesting of melons and melons.

We have adopted this rake former as the closest analogue. The essence of the claimed utility model is as follows. The problem that the claimed utility model is aimed at solving is high-quality harvesting of melons and melons.

The technical result is to improve the quality of harvesting melons and melons.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known active type swather with a robotic system, containing a frame mounted on the front linkage of the tractor with active working bodies, presented in the form of a roller drum installed offset in the direction of movement and horizontally to the soil surface, the swather frame is connected to the tractor linkage using a hydraulic cylinder, which allows you to move the windrower from the transport position to the working position and back, the roller drum is driven by a hydraulic motor, which allows you to change the speed of rotation of the drum, thereby changing the speed of the fruit entering the windrow, the roller drum rotates against the direction of movement of the tractor, thereby the tension of the lashes and at maximum tension of the lashes, they are torn from the stalk; self-aligning wheels are installed at the edges of the windrower, which allow high-quality copying of the field topography; in the extreme part of the frame where the fruits pass from the roller drum into the windrow, a video camera is installed that determines the dimensional and quality characteristics of the fruits , according to previously loaded parameters into the laptop, after which the neural network determines whether the fruit is of high quality or not and transmits the signal to the electric cylinder of the handle with a blade, which subsequently performs a forced selection of fruits, removing them from the formed windrow, without damaging the fruits.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings.

In fig. 1 - shows an active rake with a robotic fruit separation system, top view (in working position).

In fig. 2 - the same side view (in working position).

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed utility model is as follows.

An active type rake with a robotic fruit separation system contains a tractor 1, on which a hydraulic linkage 2 is installed in its front part, onto which the rake frame 4 with working parts is hung through the swather linkage 3. An active working element is installed on the frame of the windrower 4, it is presented in the form of a roller drum 5, which is driven by a hydraulic motor 6, which allows you to change the rotation speed of the drum, thereby changing the speed of the fruit entering the windrow; the roller drum 5 rotates against the direction of movement of the tractor 1, thus, the tension of the lashes is carried out and at the maximum tension of the lashes, they are torn off from the stalk. A protective shield 7 is installed on the left side of the swather frame 4, which allows you to protect the hydraulic motor 6 from the impact of foreign objects and fruits. Self-aligning wheels 8 are installed along the edges of the swather, which allow high-quality copying of the field topography; self-aligning wheels 8 have mechanical height adjustment, which varies depending on the type and topography of the soil. In the extreme right part of the swather frame 4, where the fruits pass from the roller drum 5 into the windrow, a video camera 9 is installed, which determines the size and quality characteristics of the fruits, according to previously loaded parameters into the laptop 10 installed in the tractor 1. Based on the developed program, a trained neural network determines whether the fruit is of high quality or not and transmits a signal to the electric cylinder 11 of the handle with the blade 12, which subsequently performs a forced selection of fruits, removing them from the formed windrow, without damaging the fruits. On the swather hitch 3 and the swather frame 4 there is a swather 13 hydraulic cylinder, which is designed to move the swather to the working and transport position, as well as set its angle relative to the direction of movement and transport it over a long distance. A hydraulic cylinder 14 is installed on the hydraulic linkage 2 of the tractor 1, which is designed to transfer the windrower to the working and transport position, and transport it over short distances when moving from paddock to paddock. In the upper part, the hydraulic linkage 2 of the tractor 1 is connected to the linkage of the swather 3 using an adjusting screw 15, which allows you to change the angle of inclination of the swather in the working position.

An active rake with a robotic fruit separation system works as follows.

Before starting work, make the necessary adjustments to ensure reliable execution of the technological process, check the reliability of raising and lowering the active type rake with a robotic system for separating fruits with the hydraulic hitch 2 of tractor 1, check the failure-free operation of the hydraulic cylinder of the rake 13 and the hydraulic cylinder 14 that transfers the rake from the transport position to the working position and back , the trouble-free operation of the electric cylinder 11 performing forced sampling of fruits is checked. The windrower approaches the melon field. Using a hydraulic linkage 2, tractor 1 lowers the swather onto the field surface. The windrower is transferred from the transport position to the working position using the hydraulic cylinder of the windrower 13, thereby setting the angle of attack (the angle between the direction of movement of the tractor 1 and the working surface of the roller drum 5) and fixing it with the hydraulic cylinder of the windrower 13, further adjustment of the uniform distribution of the load of the windrower on the field surface is carried out at using adjusting screw 15. The distributor of the tractor hydraulic system is set to the floating position. In this case, the swather must rest on self-aligning wheels 8.

When moving along the melon field, the fruits located on the line of movement of the windrower are shifted into the windrow under the influence of the roller drum 5. The roller drum 5 rotates against the direction of movement of the tractor 1, thereby tensioning the lashes and at maximum tension of the lashes, they are torn off from the stalk. When the fruit passes from the roller drum 5 into the windrow, a video camera 9 is installed on the right side of the windrower, which determines the size and quality characteristics of the fruit, according to previously loaded parameters into the laptop 10 installed in the tractor 1. The trained neural network determines whether the fruit is of high quality or not and transmits a signal to the electric cylinder 11 of the handle with a blade 12, which subsequently performs a forced selection of fruits, removing low-quality fruits from the formed windrow, while damage to the fruit does not occur, which allows the formation of a clean windrow without plant debris and lashes. At the edge of the paddock, the rake former is raised to the transport position using a hydraulic linkage 2. Tractor 1 makes a U-turn and directs the windrower in the opposite direction for subsequent placement of fruits into the windrow.

The declared Utility Model meets the requirements for novelty and significant distinctive features. The use of an active rake with a robotic fruit separation system will allow for high-quality harvesting of melons and melons.

Claims (1)

An active type windrower with a robotic system, containing a frame mounted on the front linkage of the tractor with active working parts, presented in the form of a roller drum, installed offset in the direction of movement and horizontally to the soil surface; the windrower frame is connected to the tractor linkage using a hydraulic cylinder, which allows you to move the windrower from the transport position to the working position and back, characterized in that the roller drum is driven by a hydraulic motor, which allows you to change the rotation speed of the drum, thereby changing the speed at which the fruit enters the windrow, the roller drum rotates against the direction of movement of the tractor, thereby tensioning the lashes, and Self-aligning wheels are installed at the edges of the windrower, which allow high-quality copying of the field topography. In the extreme part of the frame, where the fruits pass from the roller drum into the windrow, there is a video camera installed that determines the size and quality characteristics of the fruits according to previously loaded parameters into the laptop with the ability to determine the quality of the fruit and transmitting a signal to the electric cylinder of the handle with a blade, which has the ability to forcefully remove fruits from the formed windrow without damaging them.