RU2274918C2 - Electromagnetic interlocking device for switching apparatuses - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering; power-station and substation switchgear installations.

SUBSTANCE: proposed device has switching apparatus position detectors, interlocks on operating mechanisms, and electromagnetic switch; newly introduced in device are receiver and logic circuit. Position detectors are contactless units incorporating nonmagnetic plastic pointer and wireless reed-relay transmitters. Each output of receiver unambiguously relates to continuous coded radio signal of each wireless reed-relay transmitter. Inputs of logic circuit are connected to receiver outputs and outputs, to interlocks. One of receiver outputs unambiguously relates to continuous coded radio signal of wireless reed-relay transmitter of electromagnetic switch and is used for remote connection of logic circuit to power supply.

EFFECT: enhanced operating reliability and reduced maintenance and early-failure charges.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to blocking devices of switching devices of electrical installations, mainly switchgears of power plants and substations.

A device-locking device is known that contains a system of block locks mounted on the drives of switching devices, and an exchange block with a system of block locks interacting with a movable rack system made in the form of a combination of longitudinal and transverse rails that display the electrical circuitry (1).

This device does not have the ability to automatically change its state and automatically generate permissive voltages for the block locks of switching devices in the electrical circuitry during on or off operations.

Changing the status of the locking device is performed manually by the operating personnel using a set of keys, each of which is suitable only for certain block locks of the device and the switching device (2). Changing the electrical circuit of the electrical installation, the rules or the sequence of switching in the electrical circuit of the electrical installation necessitates the manufacture of new mechanical parts, components and keys of the locking device to replace the old ones.

Known closest to the proposed device is an electromagnetic interlock, consisting of automatic alarm blocking contacts (KSA), the shaft of which is pivotally connected through mechanical elements to a drive that rotates a rotary element that opens or closes an electrical circuit in a switching device, locks installed on the drives of switching devices, a power supply connected to a common electrical circuit by cable lines (3).

The disadvantages of the known electromagnetic blocking device are: cases of malfunction due to a mismatch during operation of the position of the rotary element of the switching apparatus, the position of the rotary shaft of the KSA block contacts, signaling the position of the switching apparatus to the interlock circuit due to backlash and free moves in the joints details of the drive mechanism and large gaps in the articulated joints of rods; unreliable operation due to the large number of moving and stationary block contacts of the KSA located on the drives of switching devices and connected by cable lines to a common electrical circuit, especially in open switchgears (outdoor switchgear), where the switching devices are located in the open air and there is a difficulty in maintaining the necessary insulation level of electrical circuits (4).

The objective of the invention is to increase the reliability of electromagnetic lockout and reduce the cost of operation, installation and commissioning due to the use for contactless signaling of the position of the switching apparatus, a pointer with a signal permanent magnet, rigidly mounted on a rotary element that directly closes or opens the electrical circuit in the switching apparatus , and reed-on wireless transmitters that signal through a receiver to a logical him about the position of the switching device.

The problem is solved in that in an electromagnetic interlock device containing position signaling devices of switching devices, block locks on the drives of switching devices and an electromagnetic key, position signaling devices of switching devices are made non-contact, consisting of:

a pointer made of non-magnetic plastic material, one end of which is rigidly fixed with a powerful permanent magnet to a rotary element of the switching device, which directly closes or opens an electric circuit in an electrical installation, a signal permanent magnet is rigidly fixed to the other free end;

reed-mounted wireless transmitters mounted on the structure of the switching apparatus at the free end of the mounting plate made of non-magnetic plastic material, which is rigidly fixed to the other end with a powerful permanent magnet on the structure of the switching apparatus at the pointer position points corresponding to the switched on and off position of the switching apparatus;

a receiving device, each output of which unambiguously corresponds to a continuous encoded radio signal of each reed switch wireless transmitter, and one of the outputs of the receiving device uniquely corresponds to a continuous encoded radio signal of a reed switch wireless transmitter of the electromagnetic key.

In addition, the device is equipped with a logic circuit, which is assembled or created programmatically in accordance with the wiring diagram, the rules and conditions for switching, the inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the receiving device, and the outputs are connected by cable lines with block locks, and the output of the receiving device is uniquely corresponding reed switch wireless transmitter of the electromagnetic key, used to remotely connect the logic circuit to a power source.

In addition, the electromagnetic key additionally contains a reed-on wireless transmitter, a permanent magnet and a push rod with a return spring in a composite housing of unbreakable insulation material, designed to open the block lock and remotely supply power to the logic circuit only for the time the block lock is opened before starting the operation with switching device, to eliminate uncertainty at the time of switching the electric circuit due to the occurrence of radio interference due to the possible short-term appearance of arc or spark and unauthorized interference by unauthorized persons in the switching process.

The electromagnetic locking device is illustrated by drawings, where:

figure 1 presents a part of the design of such a switching apparatus as a disconnector, on which are installed the elements of contactless signaling the position of the disconnector, including the reed switch wireless transmitter;

figure 2 presents a single-line (single-phase) block diagram of a part of an electromagnetic blocking device, namely a cell of a high voltage line voltage of 220 kV;

figure 3 presents the design of the electromagnetic key;

4 is a diagram of the operation of contactless signaling in the process of switching a disconnector.

Figure 1 shows a part of the design of such a switching apparatus as a disconnector, namely, a rotary column 1 and a node for its rotation 2. A pointer 4 is mounted on the shaft of the rotary support 3. The pointer 4 is made of non-magnetic plastic material. One end of the pointer 4 is rigidly fixed to the shaft of the rotary support 3 using a powerful permanent magnet 5, the signal permanent magnet 6 is rigidly fixed to the other free end of the pointer 4. The pointer 4 is fixed in such a way that it is in the same plane as the contact knife of the disconnector 7. On the support the frame 8 of the disconnector is rigidly fixed mounting plate 9 of non-magnetic plastic material. One end of the mounting plate 9 is mounted on the supporting frame 8 of the disconnector using a powerful permanent magnet 5, and a reed-on wireless transmitter 10 is rigidly fixed to the other free end of the mounting plate 10. One reed wireless transmitter 10 on the mounting plate 9 is installed at the point corresponding to the on position of the disconnector. Another reed switch wireless transmitter is installed similarly at a point corresponding to the disconnected position of the disconnector. The reed switch wireless transmitter 10 contains: a sealed contact, triggered by the magnetic field of the signal permanent magnet 6; Internal high-frequency radio transmitter, battery power and works autonomously.

Figure 2 shows a single-phase (single-line) block diagram of a part of an electromagnetic interlock device, namely a cell of a 220 kV high-voltage line, which is connected to a dual bus system (1SSh and 2SSh) with a bypass bus system (SNR). On each of the switching devices: a linear disconnector (LR), bus disconnectors of the first and second bus systems (ШР-1, ШР-2), a bypass disconnector (OR), a high-voltage switch (BB), grounding the bypass knife of the bypass switch from the OSSh (3Н) -OR-Ш), grounding the knife of the linear disconnector from the line side (3Н-ЛР-Л); the grounding knife of the linear disconnector on the BB side (3H-LR-V), the grounding knives of the busbar disconnectors on the side of the tires (3H-ShR-1-Sh, 3N-ShR-2-Sh), the grounding knives of the busbar disconnectors on the side of the BB (3H- ШР-1-В, 3Н-ШР-2-В) mounted reed switch wireless transmitters for signaling the on and off state of the switching device (GBPD-V and GBPD-O). A receiving device (PU) is located, for example, on a control panel or in a separate cabinet on an outdoor switchgear, at the outputs of which alarm relays are included, which uniquely correspond to the encoded radio signal of only one strictly defined reed switch wireless transmitter, for example, a relay signaling relay relay the included position of the grounding knife of the bus disconnector of the first bus system from the side of the tires (RS-GBPD-V-3N-SHR-1-Sh).

In addition, one output of the receiving device with the corresponding electromagnetic key alarm relay (RS-EMK) is designed to remotely connect the logic circuit (LS) to the power source from the encoded radio signal of the reed switch wireless key transmitter.

The receiving device has an LED signaling of the triggered or non-operational state of each of the reed switch wireless transmitters. The contacts of the alarm relay are connected to the inputs of the logic circuit (LS), which, depending on the switched on or off state of the switching devices, generates permissive voltages on the block locks, in accordance with the specified rules and conditions for making switches in the electrical circuit of the electrical installation, for example, switchgear, whose terminals are connected by cable lines to the corresponding outputs of the logic circuit. The locks are installed on the drives of the switching devices and lock (block) the drives of the switching devices without allowing the operation of switching on or off until the permissive voltage from the corresponding output of the logic circuit appears on the terminals.

To open the block locks and remote power supply to the logic circuit (LS), an electromagnetic key is provided, shown in figure 3 and containing:

the lower cylindrical hollow part of the housing 11 with a one-sided bottom;

the middle cylindrical through hollow part of the housing 12;

the upper cylindrical hollow part of the housing 13 with a one-sided bottom;

thrust rings 14, which are located between the parts of the composite housing;

metal current-carrying connectors 15;

hollow electromagnet 16;

a pusher 17, in turn consisting of a hollow tubular tail 18, a trap 19, a cylinder 20, a hat 21, connected in a single structure with screws 22;

return spring 23;

reed switch wireless transmitter 10;

permanent magnet 24.

Figure 3 also shows a part of the construction of the block lock 25 with the terminal sockets 26 and the locking rod 27.

To open the block lock, the electromagnetic key is inserted into the socket-jacks 26 of the block lock with metal current-supplying plugs 15, while the tail 18 of the pusher 17 abuts against the block-lock case 25 and moves inside the case, squeezing the return spring 23, and moving the reed switch 10 in the area of operation of the permanent magnet 24, causing it to operate, a continuously encoded radio signal causes the electromagnetic relay alarm relay to trigger on the corresponding output of the receiving device (PU), which ktami applies power supply to the logic circuit (LS) on the opening of the lock block 25 to disable or enable the operation of the switching device. If there is permissive voltage at the terminals-sockets 26 of the block-lock 25, the locking rod 27 is drawn into the hollow electromagnet 16, and the block-lock 25 unlocks the drive of the switching device. When the electromagnetic key is withdrawn from the block-lock housing 25, the tail 18 of the pusher 17 is pushed out of the housing under the action of the return spring 23, withdrawing the reed switch wireless transmitter 10 from the area of the permanent magnet 24, which leads to the termination of the continuous coded radio signal, the de-energization of the electromagnetic key relay and disconnecting the logic circuit (LAN) from the power source. The output of the plugs 15 of the electromagnetic key from the terminal sockets 26 cuts off the power of the electromagnet 16.

Figure 4 shows the operation of contactless signaling in the process of switching a disconnector. In the on position of the disconnector, the signal permanent magnet 6 of the pointer 4 is located under the reed switch wireless transmitter 10 of the on position. This GBPD-V is in a working state. Another reed switch wireless transmitter 10 alarm disconnected position of the disconnector GBPD-O is free from the action of the permanent magnet 6 of the pointer 4 and is in an unused state. When the disconnector is disconnected, its rotary column 1 is rotated 90 degrees from the initial position, and the contact knife 7 opens the electrical circuit in the electrical installation circuit. Together with column 1, pointer 4 rotates through an angle of 90 degrees, freeing GBPD-V from its action, which goes from an activated state to an unworked state, after which the signal permanent magnet 6 of indicator 4 takes up a position under the GBPD-O, which is triggered by its action. When the disconnector is turned on, everything happens in the reverse order. Non-contact signaling works in a similar way on other switching devices.

Radio signals from the GBPD of switching devices are received by the control panel without the use of cable or wire lines. In the process of working out the prototype of the electromagnetic blocking device, a reed-type wireless transmitter DXS-31 of the American company Linear / security was used as a GBPD, and a receiver of the same company DXR-701 was used as a PU. A LAN can be performed both by connecting a signaling relay to a common contact circuit, and by creating an appropriate configuration programmatically on the basis of a high voltage connection control processor terminal.

The implementation of the electromagnetic interlock device, in which the pointer and the mounting plate are made of plastic and flexible material, provides easy "instant" adjustment both at the installation site of the switching device and at the factory, without repairing either the switching device itself or electromagnetic locking devices, by bending the mounting plate and the pointer in the desired direction by the desired value until a reliable operation of reed switch wireless transmitters is obtained.

The implementation of the electromagnetic locking device, in which the installation and rigid fastening of the pointer and the mounting plate is carried out using a powerful permanent magnet on the steel structure of the switching apparatus, provides easy "instant" and "cost-free" installation, without the use of any tools, mechanical assembly and finishing operations on switching devices that are in operation and energized without having them brought out for repair, without having the electromagnetic lockout device taken out for repair. Dismantling and replacing installed elements, if necessary, is also easy.

The implementation of the electromagnetic locking device using a pointer, which by simple articulation using a powerful permanent magnet turns the rotary, switching (switching) element of the switching device and the pointer into a single structure, which, making movement in the process of switching, becomes, in the presence of a signal permanent magnet, a non-contact signaling device, completely autonomous and self-sufficient, independent of the drive mechanisms, and for the formation of an alarm signal that does not require The energy supply from an external source allows the signaling to be autonomous and independent of the drive, that is, non-contact and non-drive, capable of operating without supplying an external voltage or any other energy to generate an alarm signal, since a permanent magnet generates an alarm signal without contact with using the action of its magnetic field; and to exclude cases of improper operation due to a mismatch during operation of the position of the rotary element of the switching device, the position of the rotary shaft of the KSA block contacts, due to backlash and free moves in the joints of the parts of the drive mechanism and large gaps in the articulated joints of the rods.

The implementation of the electromagnetic lock device, in which reed wireless transmitters are used as a signal conditioner, completely autonomous and independent, which do not require external energy supply. It allows you to abandon the branched cable network, which was necessary for supplying energy from an external source, organizing cable channels for signaling transmission, completely eliminating a large number of electromechanical movable and fixed contacts connected in long serial circuits.

The implementation of the electromagnetic blocking device using reed switch wireless transmitters with a coded radio signal and a receiving device, each output of which uniquely corresponds to the signal of a specific reed switch wireless transmitter, allows you to abandon a branched cable network that uses multi-core cables;

reduce installation costs, commissioning, further operation; automatically exclude possible errors during installation;

provides the ability to use a receiving device with built-in alarm as a control device when switching over the state of the installation and the actions of the operator;

provides the ability to build a "live" mnemonic;

provides the ability to use the electromagnetic lock device in the circuits of automated control and monitoring systems;

allows you to completely exclude a large number of electromechanical movable and fixed contacts connected in long sequential circuits.

The implementation of the electromagnetic lock device, which contains a separately executed logic circuit, which is a control unit that supplies permissive voltages to the block locks of switching devices, allows:

generate control signals to block locks not in the entire electromagnetic blocking circuit, which occupies the entire territory of the outdoor switchgear, but in the case of several outdoor switchgear the entire substation territory, as provided for in the prototype, but in a limited unit or device located together with the receiving device anywhere (for example, on the main control panel or on a separate control panel on the outdoor switchgear, etc.);

if necessary, make a portable separate unit a receiving device and a logic circuit, leaving one cable plug-in connection for supplying permissive voltage to the block-lock;

to form in the logic circuit prohibiting or allowing communications between input signals (contacts) and output signals (outputs to block locks) by means of wire connections, jumpers or gaps, or by creating these connections programmatically, using a processor terminal (or similar digital device) without changing the material part, to perform any blocking schemes that reflect the electrical installation scheme, the rules and conditions for switching;

to reflect in the logic diagram any changes in the electrical installation scheme, changes in the rules and conditions of switching either by installing wire jumpers, or programmatically.

The implementation of the electromagnetic locking device using an electromagnetic key made of unbreakable insulating material, which in addition to the electromagnet contains a reed switch wireless transmitter, a permanent magnet and a pusher with a return spring, allows you to automatically remotely apply permissible voltages to the block locks, only for the time of their opening, and also automatically release stresses at the end of the operation of opening the block lock only by means of the electromagnetic key of the operator;

exclude the possibility of unauthorized interference by unauthorized persons in the switching process;

to secure both repair and operational personnel engaged in the maintenance of switching devices from the effects of voltage supplied to the block locks.

The proposed electromagnetic blocking device will improve the reliability of electrical installations and reduce the level of accidents and injuries in electrical installations of any complexity, including those consisting of several separate switchgears of different voltages, the circuits of which change during development or reconstruction, as well as when changing the rules and conditions of switching operations , for any complex switching programs by automatically preventing errors during the switching process;

create new or cancel old blocking conditions for switching devices with atypical switching programs caused, for example, by introducing new equipment, without changing the material part of the device.

Information sources

1. Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2110865, cl. IPC 6 N 01 N 9/20, dated 05/10/98.

2. Magazine "Energetik" No. 9, 2003, article "On the status of interlocking devices in switchgear of electrical substations"; author: Krasheninnikov V.A. p.15-16.

3. Instruction manual for operational safety interlocks in high voltage switchgears. Service of excellence and information. M .: Soyuztekhenergo, 1979 p. 9-38.

4. Magazine "Power plants No. 8, 2002, article" Analysis of the causes of failures of electromagnetic interlocks at substations of Surgut electric networks ", authors: Butkevich V.F., Krylov S.V., pp. 54-60.

Claims (2)

1. The device of electromagnetic locking of switching devices, containing signaling devices of the position of switching devices, blocking locks on the drives of switching devices and an electromagnetic key, characterized in that it is equipped with a receiving device and a logic circuit, the electromagnetic key is equipped with a reed switch wireless transmitter, the signaling devices of the position of switching devices are non-contact consisting of a pointer made of non-magnetic plastic material and reed wireless transmitters, one con A pointer of a non-magnetic plastic material is rigidly fixed with a powerful permanent magnet to the rotary element of the switching device, which directly closes or opens the electric circuit in the electrical installation circuit, and the signal permanent magnet is rigidly fixed at its other free end, reed-mounted wireless transmitters are installed on the free end the mounting plate of the switching apparatus made of non-magnetic plastic material, which is rigidly closed at the other end Using a powerful permanent magnet on the design of the switching apparatus, at the position of the pointer corresponding to the switched on and off position of the switching apparatus, each output of the receiving device uniquely corresponds to the continuous encoded radio signal of each reed switch wireless transmitter, and one of the outputs of the receiving device uniquely corresponds to the continuous encoded radio signal of the reed switch wireless transmitter electromagnetic key, logic inputs second circuit connected to the outputs of the receiving device, and outputs connected by lines cable locks with the block, the output of the receiving device, uniquely corresponding reed wireless transmitter of an electromagnetic switch used for remote connection to a logic circuit power source. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electromagnetic key is provided with an additional composite housing of unbreakable insulating material, which contains a reed switch wireless transmitter, a permanent magnet and a pusher with a return spring.

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