RU2269420C2 - Press for separating liquid phase from plant material - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: processing of agricultural product, in particular, equipment for separating liquid phase from raw plant material, preferably juice.

SUBSTANCE: press has frame, loading mechanism, pressing surface, filtering tape, filtering tape washing device, and discharge mechanism. Pressing surface is made curved and is defined by flexible packet formed as set of pins coupled to each other through plates. Disks are put in spaced relation onto pins. Disks on each pin are arranged in spaces between disks of adjacent pins. Filtering tape and high-pressure tape are adapted for pressing of material therebetween to pressing surface. Pressing surface has adjustable curvature radius for changing of pressure applied to material. High-pressure tape and filtering tape are made so as to create tension determining pressure amplitude value. Disks disposed at final pressing stage are adapted for mellowing pulp and forming therein of additional capillaries for enhancing juice withdrawal. Press of such construction allows any loading mechanism to be created during pressing depending upon kind and quality of plant material under process.

EFFECT: increased efficiency and enhanced reliability in operation.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for separating the liquid phase from plant materials and it is recommended to use it in the processing of agricultural products, mainly for separating juice from fruit and vegetable products.

Known tape-ring press, comprising a housing with a pressing chamber formed by a drive rigid ring and an endless flexible tape. On the inner side of the tape there are pressure supports in the form of balancers with rollers pivotally mounted on them with the help of axes. The rollers are made in the form of disks mounted on each of the axes at intervals, moreover, the disks of one skating rink are placed in the spaces between the disks of the rollers adjacent to it (ed. Certificate. SU No. 1017510 A). The pressure on the material is regulated by the pressure on each set of discs. The disadvantage of this press is the small length of the press space, which is explained by the location of the loading and unloading devices inside the rigid ring.

A known press for squeezing a liquid containing a frame, a loading mechanism, a washing device for the filter tape and an unloading mechanism, in which the conveyor of the squeezing conveyor is made in the form of parallel mounted mechanical gears. The latter include a drive shaft located at different angles with respect to the axis of the pressing drum with drive elements connected in pairs by flexible connections with tension elements. These elements are located on driven shafts. The pressure on the material is created by tensioning the flexible ties covering the drum. The design allows to increase the yield due to the creation of increasing pressure in the working area in the direction of rotation of the pressing drum (ed. Certificate. SU No. 1586917 A1 - prototype). The disadvantage of this press is the ability to change only the amplitude value of the pressure, increasing or decreasing the tension of the flexible connections. The efficiency of moisture release depends not only on the pressure value, but also on the law by which this pressure changes.

The purpose of the invention is to develop the design of the press, in which it is possible to set any law of loading during the pressing process, thereby ensuring the setting of the press depending on the type and quality of the processed raw materials.

The novelty of the proposed press lies in the possibility of setting separately the form of pressure change and its amplitude value.

Figure 1 shows the proposed press, General view; figure 2 shows the mechanism for creating a curved surface; figure 3 is a view a in figure 2.

The press contains a frame (not shown), a loading mechanism 1, a high-pressure belt 2, a filter belt 3, a prepress device 4, a curved surface creation mechanism 5, a filter belt tension device 6, a high-pressure belt tension device 7, a juice collector 8, scrapers 9 , a drive drum with a drive (not shown) 10, a washing device for the filter tape 11 and the unloading mechanism 12.

The mechanism for creating a curved surface consists of a flexible bag along which the tapes are pulled, and the supports of the bag. The package consists of axles 15 assembled together with the help of plates 13, on which disks 16 are mounted at intervals, moreover, disks of one axis are placed between the disks of axes adjacent to it. Thanks to the articulation of the axes on the plates, the resulting package is flexible and takes on the shape that the support has. The location of the disks provides a free flow of fluid, and also creates a more even curved surface. The support is a metal strip 14, which is mounted on the rods 17. The rods have the ability to change their length, thereby adjusting the radius of curvature of the support along its length.

The pressure created by the pulp depends on the tension of the tapes and the radius of curvature of the surface and is determined by the formula:

Since the radius of curvature can be created different, then, accordingly, you can change the form of loading. By changing the tension force of the tapes, one can change the amplitude values of pressure.

The drive consists of an engine and a variator. The variator controls the speed of the tapes.

Press works as follows.

The pulp is fed into the loading device 1, where it is evenly distributed on the lower tape, leaving a small distance from the edges of the tape, to prevent the pulp from being squeezed out of the tape. With the help of tapes, the mass sequentially enters the I, II and III pressing zones. In the first pressing zone, the gravity juice is separated using the prepress mechanism 4. In the second zone, the pulp is pressed under low pressure. The pressure is created by the filter cloth 3, the tension of which is negligible. The high pressure tape is more rigid and its tension is much stronger. Therefore, it, tightening a curved surface, provides a smooth change in pressure in the second zone. This creates a "soft" mode of pressing. This mode is necessary to obtain the juice of the highest purity, which is then collected in the first collection. In the third zone, the pressure on the pulp has a pulsating character. The greatest value is achieved when pulling the pulp along the circumference of the discs, and the smallest between them. Adjustment mechanisms provide the setting of "average" pressure. During pressing, the pulp is partially squeezed out of the high-pressure zones into the low-pressure zone, and since these zones are constantly changing, the pressed material loosens. This effect increases the final juice yield. Released juice is collected in the second collection. Depending on the technological needs, the juice of various fractions can either be separately removed from the press or mixed. The obtained squeezes using scrapers 9 are cleaned from the tape and get into the unloading device 12. The filter tape is washed from the remains of the squeezes.

The speed of movement of the tapes, the tension of the tapes and the shape of the curved surface vary depending on the type of raw material, its condition and the type of finished product.

Claims (3)

1. A press containing a frame, a loading mechanism, a washing device for the filtering tape and an unloading mechanism, characterized in that to create the ability to control the parameters of the press depending on the type and quality of raw materials and the intensification of the extraction process, the pressed material located between the filtering tape and high pressure, they are pressed against the pressing surface, which has a curved shape, consisting of a flexible package, which is an axis assembled together with the help of plates, onto which, at intervals wife's wheels, wherein the wheels of one axle are arranged in the gaps between the disks on the neighboring axles. 2. The press according to claim 1, characterized in that the shape of the pressure change on the pressed material is controlled by the radius of curvature of the pressing surface, and the amplitude value of the pressure is determined by the tension of the tapes. 3. The press according to claim 1, characterized in that at the last stage of pressing the location of the disks provides loosening of the pulp and, accordingly, the creation of additional capillaries in it, which increase the yield of juice.

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