RU2260147C2 - Vortex injector - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydrodynamics.

SUBSTANCE: device has branch pipes for feeding active and passive substances and draining mixed substance, nozzle devices, which are made in form of diaphragms, on radiuses of which channels are made. Diaphragms are held in conical sockets of side walls of vortex chamber. Channels, being covered by conical wall, form nozzle devices with tangential output into vortex chamber, concurrently diaphragm covers central portion of vortex chamber, forming a space for potential maw. In nozzle device substance pressures are worked through, while for nozzle liquid are made for operation in subsonic mode, and for gas - in supersonic mode. In vortex chamber mixed substance, moving in vortex movement towards greater radius, holds due to centripetal force potential maw with radius, even with radius of input of passive substance. At output from chamber guiding device is mounted, in which rotary movement is converted to reciprocal movement.

EFFECT: higher efficiency.

3 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of inkjet technology, and more particularly to energy transformers, and can be used as ejectors, injectors and elevators, i.e. for pumping, pumping and transporting liquids and / or gases.

Known is a vortex ejector containing a housing, nozzles for supplying active and passive working media and removal of a mixed medium, nozzle devices installed on nozzles for supplying working media, and a swirl chamber, while one of the nozzle devices has a screw thread for twisting the active working medium (see SU 1333866, CL F 04 F 5/42, publ. 30.08.1987).

The disadvantage of this device is not a sufficiently high injection coefficient, and therefore not a high efficiency (efficiency), which depends on the injection coefficient.

Also known is a vortex injector containing a housing, nozzles for supplying active and passive media and for discharging a mixed medium, a nozzle apparatus mounted on a nozzle for supplying an active medium, and a swirl chamber made annular, with a guide apparatus installed over a larger radius, while the nozzles for supplying active and passive media are mounted on one axis on opposite sides of the turbulence chamber and there are installed elements that swirl the flows (see US 3188976, class F 04 F 5/42, publ. 09/23/1963).

The disadvantage of this device is that the potential energy of the passive medium is not used. The pressure of the working medium is not fully triggered, but only the pressure difference between the working injecting medium and the injected; therefore, the linear velocity of the mixed medium in the mixing chamber is equal to the speed of an ordinary jet ejector. The resulting small centrifugal force is spent on the formation of a potential well in the center of rotation, which at the same moment is filled with a passive medium, the work is expended continuously. Given the above efficiency of these devices is not much higher than the efficiency of jet ejectors. Because in the jet ejector the law of conservation of momentum is used, and in the vortex of this design - the law of conservation of angular momentum, and this is one and the same law. The increment of energy due to the action of centrifugal forces does not occur. The design of the installed swirls does not protect the potential well from filling it with medium, therefore, they do not affect the improvement of the injector efficiency, but are an additional resistance at the inlet and pressure.

The basis of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the vortex injector due to the formation of a potential well in the central part of the swirl chamber with a radius equal to the maximum radius of the passive injected medium.

The problem is solved in that the well-known vortex injector containing a housing, nozzles for supplying active and passive media and for discharging a mixed medium, a nozzle apparatus mounted on a nozzle for supplying an active medium, and a swirl chamber made annular with a guide apparatus at a larger radius the nozzles for supplying active and passive media are installed on the same axis on opposite sides of the swirl chamber and they have elements that twist the flows, equipped with a nozzle apparatus mounted on p at the inlet of the passive medium supply, the central part of the swirl chamber is fenced off on both sides by nozzle devices made with a tangential exit to the swirl chamber along the radius of the enclosed zone, in which, when the injector is operating, a potential well with a radius equal to the input radius of the passive medium is formed, while both active and passive the medium, when moving along a tangent to the potential well, creates a vortex in the vortex chamber, which when moving toward the exit to a larger radius partially transforms the kinetic energy in sweat ncial.

In addition, the guide apparatus can be made scapular or in the form of a spiral outlet.

These signs are significant and interconnected causal relationship with the formation of a set of essential features sufficient to achieve a technical result.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

In Fig.1 shows a vortex injector in section

figure 2 is a partial section showing the direction of flow of the working environment,

figure 3 is a section aa of figure 2,

figure 4 is a section bb b of figure 3,

figure 5 - shows the potential well and the movement of the medium to the exit through a spiral outlet,

figure 6 - shows the movement of the mixed medium at its exit from the swirl chamber in the area of the blade vanes.

The vortex injector (FIGS. 1, 2) contains a housing 1, which has connecting flanges 2 and 3, a nozzle 4, placed in the housing 1 and communicated with a nozzle 5 for supplying an active injection medium A. In the conical socket of the nozzle 2, facing the swirl chamber 6, a nozzle apparatus 7 for supplying an injecting working medium A is installed. A nozzle apparatus 8 for supplying a passive injected medium B is installed in the conical socket of the connecting flange 2 of the housing 1, while the nozzle apparatus 8 is attached to the screw 9 of the nozzle apparatus 7 for joint Yerzhan in tapered sockets. Nozzle apparatuses 7 and 8 are mounted on the same axis on opposite sides of the turbulence chamber 6 and are made in the form of diaphragms, on the radius of which channels are made. The diaphragms are mounted in the conical slots of the side walls of the swirl chamber 6. The channels, overlapping by the conical wall, form nozzle apparatuses 7 and 8 with a tangential exit to the swirl chamber 6, while the diaphragm overlaps the central part of the swirl chamber 6 and forms the volume for the potential well. In nozzle apparatuses 7 and 8, the pressure of the medium is triggered, while for the liquid, the nozzles are designed to operate in a subsonic mode, and for gas in a supersonic mode. On the outer surface of the glass 4 from the side facing the swirl chamber 6, a blade guiding apparatus 10 with blades 11 (FIGS. 1, 2, 6) or a spiral outlet 12 (FIG. 5) can be installed to direct the flow of mixed medium B to the outlet .

The device operates as follows.

The active injecting working medium A through the connecting flange 3 enters the cup 4 and then through the nozzle apparatus 7, triggering the initial pressure, i.e., the pressure difference between the active injecting working medium A and the passive injected medium B, enters the swirl chamber 6. With tangential when the active injecting working medium A is fed into the swirl chamber 6, a torque occurs in it, at which centrifugal forces arise that are directly proportional to the square of the linear velocity and inversely proportional to the rotation radius, therefore, even with a small moment of rotation in the center, a medium breaks up (potential well, vacuum zone) and with an increase in the moment of rotation, the radius of the potential well approaches the input radius of the active injecting working medium A.

The generated pressure in the nozzle apparatuses 7 and 8 increases by the pressure difference between the passive injected B and the potential well and reaches its maximum value. The potential energy of the active injecting working medium A and passive injected medium B completely transforms into the kinetic energy of the jet of mixed medium B. The linear velocity of mixed medium B in swirl chamber 6 is much higher than in known devices (analogues) and is the maximum possible under all equal conditions, therefore, the centrifugal force is sufficient to hold the volume of the potential well (see Fig. 4, 5), and the excess force is transformed into the potential pressure energy at the outlet of the injector.

The calculation of the blade guide apparatus 10 or the choice of the location (radius) of the spiral outlet 12 determines the radius of the potential well, the pressure and the outgoing flow rate of the mixed medium B for given parameters of the nozzle apparatuses 7 and 8.

According to the law of conservation of angular momentum, the jet velocity decreases with increasing radius of rotation, but this does not contradict the law of conservation of energy. The kinetic energy of the jet is transformed with an increase in the radius of rotation into a potential due to the centrifugal force, which, compressing the jet, increases its pressure and temperature.

The centrifugal force increases with increasing radius of rotation due to an increase in the volume of the rotating mass of the medium, and consequently, the potential energy also increases, and the kinetic energy decreases by the magnitude of the increase in potential energy. Thus, in the work of the vortex injector, the law of conservation of kinetic and potential energy is observed, since the sum of the kinetic and potential energy of the flows A and B at the inlet is equal to the sum of the kinetic and potential energy of the stream B minus the mechanical friction losses in nozzle devices 7 and 8 and swirl chamber 6.

When using this device as an ejector, the working medium is steam, hot water as an elevator, and gas as an injector.

Compared with known devices, this device allows to increase the efficiency due to the constructive implementation of nozzle devices and a swirl chamber, which allows creating a stable potential well in its center, which allows increasing the efficiency of the injector due to the action of centrifugal forces. The invention meets the criterion of "industrial applicability", since it is feasible using known materials, means of production and technology.

Claims (3)

1. A vortex injector comprising a housing, nozzles for supplying active and passive media and removal of a mixed medium, a nozzle apparatus mounted on a nozzle for supplying an active medium, and a swirl chamber made annular, with a guide apparatus installed over a larger radius, while the nozzles for supplying active and passive media are installed on the same axis on different sides of the swirl chamber and they have elements that twist the flows, characterized in that it is equipped with a nozzle apparatus mounted on the passage of the pass environment, the central part of the swirl chamber is fenced on two sides by nozzle devices made with a tangential exit into the swirl chamber along the radius of the fenced zone, in which, when the injector is operating, a potential well with a radius equal to the radius of the passive medium’s input is formed, while the active and passive medium motion along the tangent to the potential well creates a vortex in the vortex chamber, which, when moving towards the exit to a larger radius, partially transforms the kinetic energy into potential. 2. The vortex injector according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide vane is made scapular. 3. The vortex injector according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide vane is made in the form of a spiral gadfly.

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