RU2258650C1 - Hopper for powder material - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: powder material storage and unloading equipment, particularly for building and chemical industries, as well as in heat engineering to supply fuel in combustion devices.

SUBSTANCE: hopper comprises body with vertical upper part and unloading window arranged in lower part thereof, base, material flow facilitating means and vibrator. Lower part of hopper body is defined by front vertical wall and three inclined ones. Material flow facilitating means is installed on frame arranged in upper holler body part and formed of flexible material sheets. The first sheet is arranged in plane parallel to the first vertical hopper wall. The second sheet is located in plane perpendicular to the front vertical hopper wall and in center of outlet orifice created in hopper body. Frame is supported relative upper hopper body part by dampers. Hopper body is also supported relative base by dampers.

EFFECT: increased uniformity of auger feeder filling with powder material, particularly with fuel, prevention of forming bridges into the hopper and creation of fuel material sliding zones during material discharge from the hopper.

3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of storage and unloading of bulk materials and can be used in the construction, chemical industry, as well as in the power system for supplying fuel to furnace devices.

The main problem is the unloading of bulk material, since it is prone to caking in a confined space and the formation of arches.

Many devices are known for collapse in such bunkers with a similar operating principle. So, in the "Device for collapsing the arches of bulk material in the hopper" according to patent No. 2084388 [1], the demolition units are made in the form of horizontally arranged frames, height-adjustable and fixed by means of bushings on a rod suspended from a spring.

In a similar "Device for collapsing arches of bulk material in a hopper" according to patent No. 2127701 [2], the demolition devices are made in the form of brackets with pins vertically mounted at their ends, pivotally mounted on the bushings and suspended on springs connected to the clips of the hanging rod.

In the "Device for collapsing the arches of bulk material in the hopper" according to patent No. 2080279 [3], the working body is made in the form of a cable on an elastic suspension equipped with a shredder in the form of screw sections, the blades of which have opposite directions.

A common drawback of bunkers with the working bodies of the principle of operation described above is that they are designed to increase the intensification of unloading, i.e. increase speed and increase the amount of unloaded material.

Closest to the technical nature of the claimed invention is a "Device for collapse of bulk material in bunkers" according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2016821 [4], containing a metal sheet suspended on elastic elements and placed in a tool tray, a window is formed in the sheet, and the tool tray is mounted pivotally on horizontal axis located along the top edge of the window.

When arching in the hopper, a vibrator is turned on, under the influence of which the lodgement in the window of the metal sheet oscillates relative to the hinge like a pendulum. During the passage of the lodgement of a vertical plane coinciding with the metal sheet, the vibrator acts on the metal sheet through the hinge. Under the action of a vibrator, a metal sheet on elastic elements oscillates in a vertical plane and acts on the arch in the hopper, destroying it.

The disadvantage of the prototype device is that in it, like other known devices with collapse of bulk material in bins, the arch collapses in the volume of the hopper body, followed by unloading the entire volume of bulk material contained in it, so that the specified hopper cannot be used, e.g. material from the hopper body.

The technical task of the claimed invention is to ensure uniform filling of granular material, for example furnace, of the volume of the screw feeder around the perimeter of its receiving window, without arching, with the formation of a zone of talus of bulk material from the hopper body.

The problem is achieved in that in the hopper for bulk material containing a housing with a vertical upper part and a discharge window in the lower part, the base, the expander of the material and the vibrator, according to the invention, the lower part of the hopper body is formed by the front vertical wall and three inclined, the expiration of the furnace material mounted on a frame located in the upper part of the hopper body is made of sheets of flexible material, the first sheet is located in a plane parallel to the front vert cial hopper wall, and the second sheet is disposed in a plane perpendicular to the front vertical wall of the hopper through the middle outlet port of the hopper body frame relative to the upper part of the hopper housing and the housing relative to the base of the hopper are mounted on shock absorbers.

Each sheet may be formed by two or more stripes.

As flexible sheets, for example, conveyor belts can be used.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the inventive device is different in the design of the inducer of the expiration of the material, thus, it meets the criteria of the invention of "novelty."

Signs that distinguish the claimed technical solution from the prototype are not identified in other technical solutions when studying this technical field and, therefore, meet the criterion of "inventive step".

Figure 1 - shows the hopper is a General view;

Figure 2 - shows the hopper is a side view.

The hopper for bulk material contains a housing 1, the front wall 2 of which is vertical along the entire height of the housing 1 of the hopper, and the lower parts 3 of the three other walls are inclined in the lower part of the housing 1, the discharge window 4, the frame 5 with a vibrator 6 mounted on it and an expiration inducer material, including a vertical sheet 7 located in a plane parallel to the front wall 2 of the hopper housing 1, and a sheet 8 located in a perpendicular plane of the front wall 2 of the hopper housing 1, a frame 5 is installed in the upper part of the hopper housing 1 The damper is mounted on shock absorbers 9, and the hopper body 1 is connected to the base 10 through shock absorbers 11. The discharge window 4 of the hopper exits to the receiving window 12 of the screw feeder 13, which feeds bulk material, for example furnace, to a consumer device (not shown), for example, a furnace.

The device operates as follows:

To unload bulk material, for example, furnace, according to the program set from the control panel (not shown), the vibrator 6 is turned on, the vibrations from which are transmitted to the housing 1 of the hopper. The housing 1 of the hopper mounted on the elastic shock absorbers 11 starts to oscillate with respect to the stationary receiving window 12 of the screw feeder 13. The frame 5, mounted in the upper part of the housing 1 of the hopper and connected to it through the shock absorbers 9, receives oscillatory movements from the vibrator 6 and transmits them on the stimulator of the expiration of the furnace material, which includes sheets 7 and 8 of flexible material hanging directly above the screw screw of the feeder 13 and along the front wall of the housing 1 of the hopper. Sheets 7 and 8 perform oscillatory movements in various planes, thereby ensuring good shedding of fuel directly above the screw of the screw feeder 13, as well as the complete filling of the receiving volume of the screw feeder around the perimeter of the receiving window 12 of the feeder 13. Oscillations of the housing 1 of the hopper shift the bulk of the furnace material to the front wall 2 as the release area of the vertical scree of fuel. The flue material begins to leave the discharge window 4 primarily from the front vertical wall 2 of the hopper body 1 and in the center of the window 4 in the area of sheets 7 and 8, while the vibrations of the sheets 7 and 8 contribute to filling the entire receiving volume of the screw feeder 13 along the perimeter of the receiving window 12. Oscillations of the housing 1 of the hopper and sheets 7 and 8 of flexible material completely exclude the formation of combustion material in the housing 1 of the hopper.

Sheets 7 and 8 can be made prefabricated, for example, from two or more strips in each of the planes, their implementation contributes to the creation of additional vibrations, thereby improving the process of collapse and filling the receiving volume of the screw feeder.

As sheets of flexible material, for example, conveyor belts can be used, which according to their physical and mechanical properties correspond to the conditions and modes of the work they perform.

The inventive design of the hopper was tested to supply fuel to the furnace of the boiler, while the operation was ensured without hanging fuel in the body of the hopper and at the same time complete filling of the entire volume of the screw feeder supplying fuel to the furnace device with firing material, which, in turn, allowed to ensure the productivity of the furnace up to 1.5 tons of fuel / hour.

Sources of information

1. RF patent No. 2084388, IPC B 65 D 88/64, 1997.

2. RF patent №2127701, IPC B 65 D 88/66, 1997.

3. RF patent No. 2080279, IPC B 65 D 88/64, 1997.

4. RF patent №2016821, IPC B 65 D 88/64, 1994.

Claims (3)

1. The hopper for bulk materials, comprising a housing with a vertical upper part and a discharge window in the lower part, a material expander and a vibrator, characterized in that the hopper housing is mounted on a base, the lower part of the hopper housing is formed by a front vertical wall and three inclined ones, the expander of bulk material is mounted on a frame located in the upper part of the hopper body and is made of sheets of flexible material, the first of which is located in a plane parallel to the front vertical the second wall of the hopper housing, and the second in the plane perpendicular to the front vertical wall of the hopper housing in the center of the discharge window, the frame relative to the upper part of the hopper housing and the hopper housing relative to the base are mounted on shock absorbers. 2. The hopper for bulk materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheets of flexible material are made in the form of two or more strips in each of the planes. 3. The hopper for bulk materials according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheets of flexible material are made of conveyor belts.

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