RU2256318C1 - Injector for drop irrigation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, in particular, utilization in irrigated agriculture for drop irrigation of soil, preferably for tree seedlings.

SUBSTANCE: injector has porous casing with inlet and outlet openings and water outlet. Float-type regulating member arranged in water outlet is equipped with water locking valve arranged in its upper part. Air discharge valves are provided in upper part of water outlet above float-type regulating member. Openings of different depth are formed in porous casing. Said openings are extending in parallel with outlet opening, in ribs of ground engaging devices. Number of ribs of ground engaging devices exceeds two. Ribs have saw-shaped form.

EFFECT: provision for differentiated distribution of precipitation in accordance with amount of sucking roots of wood plantations in soil horizons.

2 cl, 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in irrigated agriculture by moistening the soil with a drip method, preferably of woody plants.

Known dropper, comprising a housing with inlet and outlet openings and a float installed in it with a locking element included in the inlet pipe, in which, with the aim of self-cleaning the dropper and simplifying its design, the housing and the float are made in the form of concentrically mounted cones, while the float is equipped with a second locking an element included in the outlet pipe, and has a spiral protrusion on the surface; in order to regulate the flow, the second locking element is removable (SU, copyright certificate No. 704540, M.cl ² A 01 G 25/02. Dropper / G.I. Karpiy (USSR) .- Application No. 2630295 / 30-15; Announced 19.06 .1978; Publ. 25.12.1979, Bull. No. 47 // Discoveries. Inventions. - 1979. - No. 47).

The disadvantages of this dropper include low operational reliability. This is because silt particles from water settle in the annular chamber between the bottom cover 7 and the ring stops 8 for the float 3. Filling with silt the annular groove between the cover 7 and the stops 8 leads to a skew of the float in the housing 1. The dropper stops working. A dropper supplies water only to the surface of the irrigated area.

A drip outlet is also known, which includes a housing with two interconnected chambers, an inlet and outlet, and a float valve located in the upper chamber, in which, with the aim of increasing the reliability of operation, the water outlet is equipped with a second float valve installed in the lower chamber, both valves being double-sided. actions; in order to expand the range of working pressures at a given flow rate, adjustable inserts were mounted in the chamber openings (SU, copyright certificate No. 858670, M.L. ³ A 01 G 25/02. Drip water outlet / AS Knyazev, GN Mamykin, I.N. Andaskin et al. (USSR) .- Application No. 2441080 / 30-15; Stated 01/05/1977; Published 08/30/1981, Bull. No. 32 // Discoveries. Inventions. - 1981 - No. 32).

The disadvantages of this drip outlet include high requirements for the degree of water purification and strict vertical installation. Slight misalignment of the outlet body leads to inhibited positions of the float valves 5 and 6. This reduces the operational reliability of the outlet.

The closest analogue to the claimed object relates to a drip irrigation device comprising a housing with inlet and outlet openings and a float control element located in it, in which, in order to increase the uniformity of irrigation, the device is equipped with an additional float control element located inside the main one and having a T-shaped through hole and a telescopic pipe which connects said opening with the outlet body (SU, Inventor's certificate №782766, M.kl. ³ a 01 G 25/02. We troystvo for drip irrigation / V.F.Dmitriev (USSR) - Application №2765876 / 30-15;. Reported 15/05/1979; Published 30/11/1980, Bulletin №44 // Discoveries Inventions - №44)....

The disadvantages of this device, which we adopted as the closest analogue, are the complexity of the design and low operational reliability. Despite the fact that it is equipped with an additional float control element, suspensions and silt particles are not removed from the housing. As they accumulate in the bottom of the housing 2, the water shutoff valve 7 closes the inlet 3 and the device stops working. This device is not intended to supply water to the root horizon.

The closest analogue to the claimed object is an injector for drip irrigation, including a water outlet and a porous casing, in which, in order to ensure an adjustable water supply, increase the reliability of irrigation and simplify the design, it is equipped with a pressure regulator made in the form of a replaceable porous element (SU, copyright certificate No. 812237. M.kl ³ A 01 G 25/02 Injector for drip irrigation / V.K. Gubin, G.Yu. Sheinkin, N.P. Mityanin (USSR) - Application No. 2773423 / 30-15; Declared 31.05 .1979; Published March 15, 1981, Bull. No. 10 // Discoveries. Inventions. - 1981. - No. 10).

The disadvantages of this injector include the fact that the water to the roots of plants is supplied unevenly. The described injector does not take into account the structure of skeletal and sucking roots of tree stands. In the presence of core roots, water should be supplied to them differentially: with increasing depth, portions of the supplied water should increase, despite the fact that the density of the soil in the soil, arable horizon is less than the density of the soil in the subsurface horizon.

The essence of the claimed invention is as follows.

The problem to which the invention is directed is to increase the operational reliability of intrasoil moisture.

The technical result is an increase in the uniformity of the distribution of precipitation during irrigation, simplification of the design, reduction of direct costs for the operation of the system of subsoil irrigation.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the known injector for drip irrigation, including a porous body with inlet and outlet openings and a water outlet with a float control element located therein with a water shutoff valve in its upper part, according to the invention, in the upper part of the water outlet above the float control element valves for the release of air, and in the porous casing parallel to the outlet in the ribs of the soil taps are holes of different depths.

Due to the fact that different depth holes are made in the bottom part and ribs of the porous casing hinges, irrigation water is dragged out evenly to different depths of soil and soil in accordance with the distribution of the roots of tree plantings, and this technical result is achieved.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows the injector for drip irrigation, a plan view.

In Fig.2 is a section aa in Fig.1, a vertical diametrical section of a water outlet with a regulating element with a water shutoff valve in its initial position and outlet holes of different depths in the diametrically oriented ribs of the porous casing.

In Fig.3 - section BB in Fig.1, a vertical diametrical section of a water outlet with a regulating element with a shut-off valve located in it in an extreme upper position and holes of different depths in another pair of ribs of the porous casing.

Figure 4 - section bb in figure 3, a horizontal section of the ribs of the porous body with five outlet openings.

In Fig.5 is a section GG in Fig.3, a horizontal section of the ribs of the porous body at the location of the three outlet openings.

In Fig.6 is a cross section DD in Fig.2, a horizontal section of the ribs of the porous body with one hole in the ribs of the poins of the porous body.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing the claimed invention are as follows.

The drip irrigation injector is connected to the irrigation pipe using a flexible hose. To connect a flexible hose, the injector has a nozzle 1 of the outlet 2.

In the outlet 2 is located float control element 3 with a check valve 4 in its upper part. In the upper part of the outlet 2 above the float control element 3, valves 5 are made for releasing air from the cavity of the outlet 2.

The porous body 6 of the injector has inlet openings 7 and outlet openings 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12. In the porous body 6, parallel to the outlet 10 in the ribs 13, 14, 15 and 16 of the couplings, holes of different depths 8, 9, 11 and 12 are made. The number of ribs 13-16 on the housing 6 is more than two and have a sawtooth shape.

A device for drip irrigation works as follows.

After assembling the device and attaching it to the irrigation pipeline, the porous body 6 with the injector inlets 13-16 are immersed in the soil. When water is supplied, the operating cycle of the device begins. Water from the irrigation pipeline through the hose through the nozzle enters the expansion chamber of the outlet 2. Through the inlet 7, the water from the inlet outlet 2 of the injector enters the outlet 8-12 into the arable soil horizon and saturates the root layer with water. If the flow of water from the irrigation pipe exceeds the flow rate through openings 8, the float control element 3 pops up and reduces the cross section of the inlet in the nozzle 1, this reduces the access of water to the porous casing 6. When the water level in the expansion chamber of the water outlet 2 decreases, the float control element 3 is lowered and water flow from the irrigation pipeline increases. Thus, the specified water flow rate is automatically maintained through the openings 8-12 of the injector for drip irrigation. The gap between the regulating element 3 and the bottom of the outlet 2 due to the stops eliminates the sedimentation of silt particles and impurities in the outlet 2 of the injector and this ensures the smooth operation of the float regulating element 3. All this generally increases the uniformity of the distribution of artificial sediments along the height of the injector 7. Different depth holes 8 , 9, 11 and 12 in ribs 13-16 deliver water to the soil horizons differentially reducing the lower moisture capacity in the soil and the subsoil horizon.

The injector will provide water to the roots of the tree stands at the depth of their penetration.

Claims (2)

1. An injector for drip irrigation, comprising a porous body with inlet and outlet openings and a water outlet with a float control element located therein with a water shutoff valve in its upper part, characterized in that in the upper part of the water outlet above the float control element there are valves for air discharge, and in the porous casing parallel to the outlet in the ribs of the pochozatsepov made holes of different depths. 2. The injector according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of ribs is more than two and have a sawtooth shape.

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