RU225214U1 - Laboratory bioreactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to laboratory equipment, namely to installations for studying methane fermentation of organic matter, such as plant and household waste, manure, wastewater, etc., with the production of environmentally friendly organic fertilizer and the production of biogas in laboratory conditions. The laboratory bioreactor contains a digester 1, consisting of a bottom 2 with a discharge pipe 3 for the removal of processed biomass, a housing 4 with a thermal circuit 5, a coolant pipeline 6 and a temperature sensor 7, a cover 8. On the cover 8 there is a loading pipe 9 for receiving the original biomass, a gas valve 10 for removal of biogas and an electric drive 11 of the mixer shaft 12 with blades 13, while the bioreactor is equipped with a pipeline 15, connected at one end to the bottom 2, the other end - with the cylindrical part of the digester at 3/4 of its height, and the pipeline 15 is equipped with a recirculation pump 16 and shut-off 17 and regulating 18 valves. The utility model is aimed at solving the problem of creating a laboratory bioreactor for studying methane fermentation of organic waste to produce biogas with improved functionality: the ability to effectively carry out the technological process of mixing biomass of varying humidity.

Description

The utility model relates to laboratory equipment, namely to installations for studying methane fermentation of organic matter, for example, plant and household waste, manure, wastewater, etc., with the production of environmentally friendly organic fertilizer and the production of biogas in laboratory conditions.

The design of a laboratory installation for studying methane fermentation of organic waste to produce biogas is known, containing a bioreactor equipped with a stirrer, the handle of which is hermetically fixed in the bioreactor lid, a sealed sleeve made of a material with high thermal conductivity and resistance to biocorrosion, in the cavity of which a heater is installed, connected to an automatic temperature controller having a sensor located in the bioreactor, connected to the receiver through a water seal [1].

The disadvantages of this technical solution are the low functionality and efficiency of modeling the technological process due to the inability to change the modes of mixing and unloading the substrate.

The design of a laboratory bioreactor is known, chosen as a prototype, containing a digester tank consisting of a bottom with a discharge pipe for removing processed biomass, a housing with a thermal circuit, a coolant pipeline and a temperature sensor, and a lid. The lid is equipped with a loading pipe for receiving the initial biomass, a gas valve for removing biogas, and an electric drive for the mixer shaft with blades. The laboratory bioreactor is installed on a horizontal base using a support and a hinge in a position that is fixed by a rail and fixing bars [2].

The disadvantages of this technical solution are the low functionality and efficiency of modeling the technological process due to the inability to change the mixing modes of substrates of different humidity.

The utility model is aimed at solving the problem of creating a laboratory bioreactor for studying methane fermentation of organic waste to produce biogas with expanded functionality, capable of visually and effectively reflecting the technological process of mixing and unloading biomass of varying humidity.

The technical result is a change in the mixing modes of biomass of different humidity.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a laboratory bioreactor containing a digester with a hermetically sealed lid, consisting of a bottom with a discharge pipe, a body with a thermal circuit made of a material with high thermal conductivity, in the cavity of which a heater is installed, mixers with blades, and a loading pipe, gas valve and electric drive of the stirrer shaft, and inside the housing there is a temperature sensor connected to an automatic regulator, to which the electric drive of the stirrer shaft is in turn connected, while the bioreactor with its bottom is placed on supports, and it is also equipped with a pipeline connected at one end with the bottom, the other end with the cylindrical part of the digester at 3/4 of its height, while the pipeline is equipped with a recirculation pump and shut-off and control valves.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by the drawing,

in fig. Figure 1 shows a general view of a laboratory bioreactor.

The laboratory bioreactor contains a digester 1, consisting of a bottom 2 with a discharge pipe 3 for removing processed biomass, a housing 4 with a thermal circuit 5 made of a material with high thermal conductivity, in the cavity of which a coolant pipeline 6 is installed, a temperature sensor 7 and a hermetically sealed lid 8 On the cover 8 there is a loading pipe 9 for receiving the initial biomass, a gas valve 10 for removing biogas and an electric drive 11 for the stirrer shaft 12 with blades 13. The temperature sensor 7 is located inside the body 4 of the bioreactor, and is connected to the automatic regulator 14, to which in turn. an electric drive 11 is connected. The automatic regulator 14 is fixed to the housing 4. The laboratory bioreactor is equipped with a pipeline 15, connected at one end to the bottom 2, and at the other end to the cylindrical part of the digester 1 at the level of 3/4 of its height, and the pipeline 15 is equipped with a recirculation pump 16 and shut-off 17 and regulating 18 valves.

A laboratory bioreactor works as follows.

Option 1. The initial biomass in the form of prepared organic semi-liquid waste with a moisture content of 80-92%, 3/4 of the total volume, is loaded into the digester 1 through the loading pipe 9, where the process of processing (methanogenesis) of the substrate into high-quality organic fertilizer and an alternative source of energy - biogas occurs. Depending on the selected temperature regime of anaerobic digestion, the required temperature of the coolant in thermal circuit 5 is set, which is controlled by temperature sensor 7. Sensor 7 records the biomass reaching a temperature of 32-37°C. A signal about this is sent to the automatic regulator 14, which in turn turns on the electric drive 11. Mixing of the processed biomass in the digester 1 occurs using an electric drive 11 of the mixer shaft 12 with blades 13. The biogas formed as a result of anaerobic digestion is removed from the digester 1 through the gas valve 10. Upon completion of the processing cycle, the fermented biomass is unloaded through the unloading pipe 3.

Option 2. The initial biomass in the form of prepared organic liquid waste with a humidity of 93-97% in a volume of 3/4 of the total volume is loaded into digester 1 through the loading pipe 9, where the process of processing (methanogenesis) of the substrate into high-quality organic fertilizer - effluent and an alternative source of energy occurs - biogas. Depending on the selected temperature regime of anaerobic digestion, the required temperature of the coolant in thermal circuit 5 is set, which is controlled by temperature sensor 7. Sensor 7 records the biomass reaching a temperature of 32-37°C. A signal about this is sent to the automatic regulator 14, which, in turn, turns on the recirculation pump 16, while the shut-off valve 17 and control valve 18 are open. Hydraulic mixing of the processed liquid biomass takes place in digester 1. At this time, the electric drive 11 of the mixer shaft 12 is turned off. The biogas formed as a result of anaerobic digestion is removed from the digester 1 through the gas valve 10. The fermented biomass (effluent) is discharged through the discharge pipe 3 upon completion of the processing cycle.

Thus, the use of the claimed utility model will expand the functionality of the laboratory installation due to the ability to visually and effectively reflect the technological process of mixing and unloading biomass of varying humidity, its decomposition and biogas release, while maintaining high operational reliability.

Information sources

1. Utility model patent No. 105449 U1 Russian Federation, IPC G01N 1/22. Laboratory installation for studying methane digestion of organic waste to produce biogas: No. 2011102657/05: application. 01/24/2011: publ. 06/10/2011/S. R. Kalacheva, A.E. Kondratiev; applicant State educational institution of higher professional education "Kazan State Energy University" (KGEU).

2. Utility model patent No. 220010 U1 Russian Federation, IPC C12M 1/02, C05F 9/02. Laboratory bioreactor: No. 2023113278: application. 05/23/2023: publ. 08/21/2023/ Yu.A. Kirov, V.Yu. Kopytin, A.V. Petushkov, S.V. Denisov, D.N. Kotov, V.A. Kirov, Yu.Z. Kirova, K.A. Zhichkin, K.V. Titorenko; applicant Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Samara State Agrarian University" (prototype).

Claims (1)

A laboratory bioreactor containing a digester with a hermetically sealed lid, consisting of a bottom with a discharge pipe, a body with a thermal circuit made of a material with high thermal conductivity, in the cavity of which a heater is installed, mixers with blades, with a loading pipe attached to the lid, a gas valve and electric drive of the stirrer shaft, and inside the housing there is a temperature sensor connected to an automatic regulator, to which, in turn, the electric drive of the stirrer shaft is connected, while the bottom of the bioreactor is placed on supports, characterized in that it is equipped with a pipeline connected at one end to the bottom , the other end - with the cylindrical part of the digester at 3/4 of its height, and the pipeline is equipped with a recirculation pump and shut-off and control valves.