RU2251682C2 - Laser centering mount for x-ray radiator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; radiation method of inspection of materials and items.

SUBSTANCE: centering mount has housing inside which the laser is disposed as well as first reflector mounted onto axis of laser in front of exit window of X-ray radiator is the point where axis of laser crosses axis of X-ray beam, second reflector mounted onto axis of laser outside the projection of exit window of X-ray reflector for rotation relatively axis being perpendicular to plane formed by axes of laser beam and X-ray. Device also has aids for indicating focal length made in form of pointer provided with scale fixed onto housing of centering mount. Flat collimated laser beam forming system is mounted in front of laser. Laser beam propagates along plane being parallel to vertical plane crossing longitudinal axis of X-ray radiator. The axis is at the same time perpendicular to vertical plane crossing axis of X-ray beam. The second reflector is mounted at the exit of system at laser axis. Beam splitter is mounted between first and second reflectors. In front of the beam splitter there is the second semiconductor laser which is mounted onto axis being perpendicular to axis of laser to cross its point of crossing with beam splitter.

EFFECT: improved precision of measurements; simplified application.

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Description

The invention relates to non-destructive testing using x-ray radiation and can be used to control materials and products by the radiation method in various engineering industries.

A known laser centralizer for an x-ray emitter, comprising a housing, a laser located therein with a two-sided radiation output, the optical axis of which is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the x-ray emitter, two reflectors, the first of which is mounted at the intersection of the laser axis with the x-ray axis, and the second is mounted on the laser axis outside the projection onto it of the output window of the x-ray emitter with the possibility of rotation around an axis perpendicular to the plane defined by the axis of the laser and the axis of the x-ray beam; means for indicating the focal length in the form of a pointer with a scale mounted on the centralizer body, the centralizer is equipped with two cylindrical lenses mounted on the laser axis with the possibility of rotation relative to it and forming luminous stripes on the image object, forming either a crosshair used to point the centralizer to the control object, or a system of two parallel stripes, the distance between which is proportional to the distance to the object. The distance to the object is counted by the indicator at the moment of combining these bands due to the rotation of the second reflector [1].

The disadvantage of this device is the use of a scarce and difficult-to-operate gas laser with a two-sided radiation output, as well as a method for implementing the triangulation method for measuring the distance to the object based on recording the moment of overlapping of the parallel strips formed by the cylindrical lenses upon rotation of the second reflector, since the alignment is significantly less than with the nominal method for registering coincidence of band images [2]. In addition, the length of the strips formed on the object by single cylindrical lenses changes with a change in the focal length, which also leads to a decrease in the measurement accuracy.

The purpose of the invention is the elimination of these disadvantages.

To do this, instead of a gas laser with a two-sided radiation output, a standard semiconductor laser was used in the centralizer, an anamorphic telescopic lens consisting of a cylindrical lens and a lens forming a flat collimated laser beam, the propagation plane of which is parallel to the vertical plane passing through the longitudinal, is installed on the optical axis of the laser the axis of the x-ray emitter, and perpendicular to the vertical plane passing through the axis of the x-ray beam, the second from A beam splitter is installed at the output of the anamorphic telescopic system so that it reflects only the lower half of the beam plane formed by this system onto the object, a beam splitter is installed on the laser axis between the first and second reflectors, in front of which on an axis perpendicular to the laser axis and passing through its intersection with a beam splitter, an additional laser is installed, the radiation of which is sent to the object with the help of a beam splitter and the first reflector and forms an image of a bright dot on it, the location of which the swarm coincides with the point of intersection of the object with the axis of the x-ray beam, while the lasers are switched on sequentially and due to this, images are formed on the object either as a bright point used to point the x-ray emitter to the desired zone of the object to be monitored, or images of two strips located one above the other, one of which, created by the first reflector at the object when projecting the upper half of the collimated laser beam onto it, is stationary, and the second is formed when the second reflector is projected onto the object the lower part of the collimated beam is movable and is moved by turning the second reflector parallel to the upper strip fixed before their nominal alignment at which the countdown of the focal distance on the scale of its indicating means.

The invention is illustrated by a drawing (drawing a-d), which shows a diagram of the device and the view of the centralizer’s field of view when pointing it at an object (drawing 1-b), in the process of combining parallel strips of a triangulation range finder when measuring the distance to an object (drawing c) and c the moment of counting the distance to the object with a nominal combination of these bands (drawing g).

The laser centralizer contains an X-ray emitter 1, to which the housing 2 is attached with lasers 10 and 13 located in it, from which a cylindrical lens 8 and a lens 7, forming an anamorphic telescopic system mounted at the laser axis, are parallel and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the x-ray emitter, at the output of which a flat parallel laser beam is formed, the plane of which is parallel to the vertical plane passing through the longitudinal axis of the x-ray emitter and is perpendicular to the vert ical plane passing through the axis of the x-ray beam.

The second reflector 4 is mounted on the laser axis with the possibility of rotation relative to the axis perpendicular to the plane formed by the axes of the laser and the x-ray beam, and is associated with means for indicating the focal length 11, consisting of a pointer 5 and a scale 6, mounted on the body of the centralizer.

The beam splitter 12 is mounted on the laser axis at an angle of 45 ° to it. The reflector 3 is made of organic glass and mounted on the laser axis at the point of its intersection with the axis of the x-ray beam, and the planes of the first reflector and beam splitter form a straight dihedral angle. In front of the beam splitter, on the axis passing through the point of its intersection with the laser axis and perpendicular to it, a second semiconductor laser 13 is installed, which forms a bright dot on the object with the help of a beam splitter and the first reflector, which coincides with the point of intersection of its x-ray axis.

The second reflector 4 is installed under the laser axis in such a way that it reflects on object 1 only the lower half of the plane beam formed by the anamorphic telescopic system (drawing, a, view along A) and having a height d.

Laser centralizer operates as follows.

At the first stage of his work, he performs the function of a target indicator and is used to accurately direct the axis of the x-ray beam to the forming zone of the object. In this case, the first laser 10 is turned on, and the laser 13 is turned on and with the help of the beam splitter 12 and the first reflector 3 forms a bright dot on the object 11, the position of which coincides with the point of intersection of its axis of the x-ray beam (drawing b).

At the second stage of operation, the centralizer is used as a triangulation rangefinder. In this case, the laser 13 is turned off, and the laser 10 is turned on and with the help of an anamorphic telescopic system forms a plane parallel beam of laser radiation.

At the same time, images of light strips located one above the other, having a height d / 2, where d is the height of a flat beam emerging from the collimator, are formed on the object (drawing c). When the second reflector 4 is rotated, the lower strip moves relative to the upper fixed strip. At the moment of their monial alignment (drawing d), when they are a single strip, on a scale of 6, using the pointer 5, the focal length is calculated using the ratio D = B / tgα, where B is the rangefinder base, t .e. the distance between the centers of the first reflector 3 and the second reflector 4, α is the angle between the axis of the x-ray beam and the direction to the center of the first beam splitter at the time of combining the movable and fixed bands.

The principle of monial alignment allows 3-5 times to increase the accuracy of alignment of the bands, and, accordingly, the accuracy of measuring the focal length.

Literature

1. Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2106619. Laser centralizer for x-ray emitter.

2. Lunzov A.V. Ergonomics of human visual activity. L .: Engineering, 1985, 126 p.

Claims (1)

A laser centralizer for an x-ray emitter, comprising a housing, a laser disposed therein, whose optical axis is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the x-ray emitter, a first plexiglass reflector mounted on the laser axis in front of the output window of the x-ray emitter at the point of intersection with the x-ray axis, a second reflector mounted on the laser axis outside the projection onto it of the output window of the x-ray emitter with the possibility of rotation about an axis perpendicular to the plane formed by the laser axes x-ray and x-ray beams, means for indicating the focal length in the form of a pointer with a scale fixed on the centralizer body, characterized in that the centralizer uses a standard semiconductor laser, an anamorphic telescopic system consisting of a cylindrical lens and a lens is installed in front of the laser on its optical axis a flat collimated laser beam propagating in a plane that is parallel to a vertical plane passing through the longitudinal axis of the x-ray For, and perpendicular to the vertical plane passing through the axis of the x-ray beam, the second reflector has a vertical size equal to half the height of the flat laser beam, is installed at the output of the anamorphic telescopic system so that it reflects only the lower half of the flat laser beam onto the object and forms on the object image of a movable strip moving when the second reflector rotates in parallel with respect to the image of the fixed strip located above it formed during design the first reflector of the upper half of the plane laser beam to the object until they are monially aligned, at which the focal length is counted, on the laser axis, a beam splitter is installed between the first and second reflectors, in front of which on an axis perpendicular to the laser axis and passing through its intersection with a second semiconductor laser is installed with a beam splitter, which forms an image of a bright dot on the object with the help of a beam splitter and the first reflector, the position of which on the object coincides with its point intersection with the axis of the x-ray beam, with the inclusion of the first and second lasers is carried out separately.