RU2240891C1 - Vertical detachable ingot mold - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy, namely steel casting to ingot molds.

SUBSTANCE: ingot mold includes tray, lateral detachable walls with bosses and T-shaped wedge members for fastening walls. Hot top part of ingot mold includes heat insulation inserts. Ingot mold is made in such a way that relation of its mass to mass of ingot is (2 - 2.5):1. It provides possibility for influencing upon mechanical properties of ready rolled pieces. Relation of ingot volume to that of feeder head is 8.0 - 12.0. There are sloped portions inclined [slope value (14 - 20):1] from periphery to center on upper and lower end walls of ingot mold. It provides possibility for making rolled pieces with optimal configuration of end crop of sheets.

EFFECT: simplified process of assembling, enhanced operational reliability of ingot mold, lowered costs of further rolling.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of ferrous metallurgy, in particular to the design of molds used for crystallization of steel.

Known as a prototype is a vertical detachable ingot mold for casting ingots, comprising a pallet, detachable side walls, end walls and wedge means for attaching side walls to end walls, in which each side wall is provided with flanges on both sides in height, the supporting surface of which is in contact with the side surface end walls, and the latter from below are made with wedge-shaped grooves in which the lower ends of the flanges of the side walls are located [1].

The disadvantage of this mold is the complexity of the design and fastening elements, the inability to use the mold in siphon casting and the formation of thermal cracks in the lower part of the mold due to the difficulty of centering in the pallet.

Also known is the mold [2] for faceted ingots in cross section and consisting of several parts with connector planes in height, in which recesses are made on the mating planes of the parts along the entire height from the outside, the width of these planes being 0.1-0 , 2 the wall thickness of the mold, and the plane of the connector pass through the vertices of the corners of the mating faces. The disadvantages of this mold are: a large number of housing connectors, increasing the likelihood of a burn along the planes of the connector, and obtaining unsatisfactory surface quality of the mold; high costs when rolling a heavy ingot.

There is also known a method of siphon casting of steel into siphon molds, followed by redistribution when rolling on blooming into slabs and subsequent rolling on a sheet [3].

However, the disadvantage of these molds is the increase in the cost of redistribution when rolling the ingot - slab - sheet.

The desired technical results of the invention are to simplify the assembly of the mold, increase the reliability of fastening and operational stability of the molds, as well as reduce costs during rolling redistribution.

To achieve this, a vertical split mold for casting ingots is proposed, comprising a pallet, detachable side walls with tides along the plane of the connector and means for attaching the side walls, the mold being made with the mass to mass ratio of the ingot (2-2.5): 1 and is profitable with heat-insulating inserts with the ratio of the ingot volume to the profit volume of 8.0-12.0, on the upper and lower end walls of the mold forming the end surfaces of the ingot, slopes from the periphery to the center are made, the size of (14-20): 1, means of fastening in are wedge-shaped T-shaped, and the tides are equipped with centering pins.

In FIG. 1 presents the inventive mold. The mold consists of two detachable side walls (1) and (2), equipped with a profitable part (3) with heat-insulating inserts (4). The detachable side walls are provided with tides (5) in the plane of the connector, into which a T-shaped fastener (6) with wedges (7) is inserted. Tides (5) are additionally equipped with centering pins (8). The detachable side walls at the bottom have an opening (9) for casting molten steel.

The claimed parameters are selected based on the following premises. The ratio of the mass of the mold to the mass of the ingot is determined on the basis of the linear shrinkage. With a small absolute value of linear shrinkage over the thickness of the ingot, a significant role is played by the heat removal from the ingot to the mold or the heat capacity of the mold mass, which forms the structure of the ingot and subsequently the mechanical properties of the finished product. With a ratio of less than 2, an increase in the degree of compression during rolling will be required to ensure the required mechanical properties, which limits the possibility of using molds. With a ratio of more than 2.5 with low values of the obtained mechanical properties, the consumption of molds increases, which increases costs.

The slopes from the periphery to the center on the upper and lower end walls of the mold, forming the end surfaces of the ingot with the ratio L: l = (14-20): 1, determine the versatility of the vertical split mold for casting the ingot-slab in relation to any conditions of its subsequent processing by pressure in hot condition to obtain a finished sheet with a minimum expenditure coefficient of metal for hire. The shape of the front and rear ends of the finished sheet, which are diverted to the end trim and determine the value of the expenditure coefficient, for a particular steel grade has its own configuration and is determined by the heating temperature before rolling the ingot-slab and, accordingly, the temperature of the metal at the end of rolling. Calibration of rolls of sheet rolling mills is determined for the rental of pre-deformed slabs. The plastic properties of the cast structure differ from the plastic properties of pre-deformed slabs at the same heating temperatures before rolling. The “hood” along the rolling direction during the deformation of ingots-slabs is more significant at the edges of the sheets. The shape of the end walls of the vertical detachable molds, forming the ends of the ingots at the above slopes, allows us to obtain finished products from ingots-slabs with the optimal configuration of the end trim of the sheets and minimize the loss of metal.

The assembly of molds is carried out in the following sequence.

The side wall 1 of the mold, one of the two constituent parts of the housing, is installed horizontally with the connector plane up. A side wall 2 is mounted on it with the connector plane down, with centering pins in the mating holes of the connector plane of the side wall 1 until the planes of both parts of the housing come into full contact. T-shaped fasteners 6 with wedges are inserted into the grooves of the tides 5 of the body 7. The body with the walls fastened together is mounted vertically on a special pallet with the profitable part 3 up, hole 9 for pouring steel down. In the profitable part 3 of the body, one-time heat-insulating inserts 4 are made of a material having high thermophysical properties, for example, mullite-siliceous.

Steel casting into vertical split molds is carried out according to FIG. 2. Liquid steel from the steel pouring ladle enters through the center 1 lined with refractory materials, the gating lining of the special tray 2, the refractory cup 3 into the hole 9 (Fig. 1) for pouring steel into the vertical split molds from below to fill the volume of the profitable part. The number of simultaneously poured molds is unlimited and is determined by the design features of the special pallet 2.

After the hardening time of the ingot slabs, a vertical split mold together with the ingot is laid horizontally on the side wall 1. Wedges 7 are knocked out of the T-shaped fasteners 6. The side wall is removed 2. The ingot slab is removed and the molds are reassembled in the above order for casting slabs of the next heat.

Using the proposed mold allowed simplifying the assembly of vertical detachable molds, releasing ingots without special equipment, increasing the reliability of fastening and operating life of the molds (mold consumption was 10.8 kg / t of steel), eliminating the intermediate rolling redistribution of large ingots into blooming slabs, and obtaining finished sheet metal from a cast ingot-slabs in a sheet-rolling workshop.

Sources of information

1. A.S. No. 599913, B 22 D 7/08.

2. A.S. No. 846073, B 22 D 7/06.

3. The technological instruction of OAO Kuznetsk Metallurgical Plant TI 103-ES-106-2001.

4. A quick reference to the metallurgist. / Ed. Adrianova V.P. - M.: Metallurgy, 1960 .-- 370 p.

Claims (1)

A vertical detachable ingot mold for casting ingots, containing a pallet, detachable side walls with tides along the plane of the connector and means for fastening the side walls, characterized in that the mold is made with the mass to mass ratio of the ingot (2-2.5): 1 and is equipped with a profit with heat insulation inserts with the ratio of the volume of the ingot to the volume of profit of 8.0-12.0, on the upper and lower end walls of the molds forming the end surfaces of the ingot, slopes from the periphery to the center are made (14-20): 1, the fastening means are made by wedge T -shaped, and the tides are provided with centering pins.

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