RU2239308C2 - Vegetable grinder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in filling of combined silage. Proposed grinder has loading neck and housing with rectangular grinding chamber. Said chamber accommodates two opposite cutting-blade walls with blades installed in walls in zigzag manner. Both cutting-blade walls are made for cyclic displacement towards each other along guides under action of hydraulic cylinder. Each cutting-blade wall is moved by two hydraulic cylinders. One end each hydraulic cylinder is connected to grinder housing, and other end is connected through bearing with elongated semi-axle to provide travel of cutting-ball wall. Projections of plates of one cutting-blade wall coincide with cavities in plates of other cutting-blade wall. Grinder provides grinding of vegetables without liberal juicing and at minimum destruction of their structure owing to fixed position of vegetables between cutting-blade walls moving to each other.

EFFECT: improved quality of vegetable grinding and quality of ground products.

5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to machines for fodder preparation, is intended for grinding root crops when laying combined silage and can also be used in the food industry.

Known chopper root crops, which is intended for cutting root crops into plates. It contains a loading neck, a bed and a cutting apparatus made in the form of fixed knives and a clamping mechanism. The knives are mounted on intersecting walls with the possibility of forming a Y-shaped grinding chamber, and the clamping mechanism is made in the form of a vertical plate mounted on a horizontal hinge and equipped with a movement mechanism (1).

The disadvantage of this device is that due to the Y-shaped grinding chamber formed by intersecting fixed knife walls with one clamping mechanism on both walls, high performance is not achieved, and the clamping mechanism, made in the form of a pushing plate, destroys the structure of root crops, which is accompanied by high juice separation.

Known root crop chopper, in which the grinding chamber is made in a rectangular shape, and the knives are grouped into two opposite located knife walls, one of which is fixed motionless, and the second is made with the possibility of cyclic movement along the guides (2).

The disadvantage of this invention is that one knife wall remains stationary. In this case, the protrusions of the plates of the movable knife wall do not coincide with the depressions of the plates of the fixed knife wall, which reduces the productivity of the grinder, leads to the destruction of the structure of root crops and is accompanied by high juice production.

The objective of the invention is to increase productivity, reduce the degree of destruction of the structure of root crops and reduce juice production in the grinding chamber.

The problem is solved in that, unlike the prototype, the root crop chopper is additionally equipped with two more hydraulic cylinders, and both knife walls are made with the possibility of cyclic movement along the guides towards each other thanks to the bearings on the shortened and elongated axles under the action of the hydraulic cylinders, each of which is pivotally mounted the end to the body, and the other end to the elongated axles, while the protrusions of the plates of one knife wall are made coincident with the depressions of the other knife wall.

Figure 1 schematically shows a chopper of root crops, general view; figure 2 is a top view, section aa; figure 3 is a section bB; figure 4 is a view In figure 3; figure 5 is a General view of the knife wall.

The chopper contains a loading neck 1 (Fig. 1), passing into the housing 2. In the chopper housing 2 there is a grinding chamber 3 (Fig. 2) of a rectangular shape, and the knives 4 are grouped by the plates 5 into two opposite knife walls with the possibility of cyclic movement along the guides 6 (FIG. 2) towards each other. The guides 6 are fixedly mounted on the housing. The knives 4 in the knife walls are mounted in a zigzag manner using pins 7 (Fig. 4) on the plates 5 arranged horizontally, while the plates 5 are fixed on the sidewalls 8 (Fig. 3). The circular movement of the knife walls along the guides 6 towards each other is carried out thanks to the bearings 12 on the shortened 11 and elongated axles 10 under the action of hydraulic cylinders 9, each of which is pivotally fixed at one end to the housing 2, and the other end to the elongated axles 10, while the protrusions 13 of the plates 5 of one knife wall are made coincident with the depressions 15 of the plates 5 of the other knife wall (figures 4, 5). Each movable wall is equipped with two hydraulic cylinders 9. In the lower part of the housing 2 there are unloading windows 13 for unloading crushed root crops (Fig. 1).

The device operates as follows. Root tubers through the filler neck 1 enter the grinding chamber 3. Knife walls under the action of hydraulic cylinders 9 are moved along the guides 6 due to bearings 12 on shortened 11 and elongated 10 half shafts towards each other. Root crops penetrate through both knife walls, crushing into slices of the required thickness. In this case, the protrusions 14 of the plates 5 of one knife wall go into the depressions 15 of the plates of the other knife wall, which leads to the complete grinding of all root crops located between the knife walls (Fig. 4). This reduces the length of the working path traveled by each knife wall, and consequently, the execution time of the working process, which ultimately increases the productivity of the installation. When the knife walls move in the opposite direction, the crushed root tubers move by them to the unloading windows 13 and for further use. At this time, the next portion of unmilled root crops through the loading neck 1 enters the space between the knife walls (grinding chamber 3). Having reached the extreme rear positions and moving the chopped root tubers into the unloading windows, the knife walls begin to move again towards each other. The process is repeated.

The present invention improves productivity and allows the process of grinding root crops without abundant juice and with minimal destruction of their structure due to the fact that during grinding they are stationary between the knife walls moving towards each other.

The root crop chopper can be easily implemented in agricultural production.

Sources of information

1. A.S. USSR No. 1611265, A 01 F 29/00, 1990.

2. RF patent No. 2162284, 7 A 01 F 29/08, B 02 C 18/02, 2001 (prototype).

Claims (1)

A root crop chopper containing a loading neck extending into the body, two opposed knife walls with zigzag mounted knives, a rectangular grinding chamber placed in the housing, two hydraulic cylinders and guides fixed to the housing, characterized in that it is additionally equipped with two more hydraulic cylinders, both knife walls are made with the possibility of cyclic movement along the guides towards each other thanks to the bearings on shortened and elongated semiaxis under the action of hydraulic cylinders, each of which is hinged at one end to the housing and the other end to an elongated semi-axes, the projections of one blade wall plates made coincident with the troughs of plates other blade wall.

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