RU2236652C1 - Device for illuminating rooms of multistoried dwelling house with sun light - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: civil engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to illumination systems using sun light and it can be used to save electric energy owing to additional illumination of living spaces in day-time from sunrise to sunset. Proposed device has heliostats located on roof of house whose number corresponds to number of objects to be illuminated, or other mirrors equipped with sun tracking systems and taking sun rays, each reflecting light from corresponding heliostat in preset direction. Heliostats are installed over shaft which is made inside house. Walls of rooms opposite to windows are provided with apertures covered by transparent material and opening into shaft. Mirrors taking and reflecting sun rays from heliostats are located in shaft. Each mirror is placed opposite to corresponding aperture and is orientated to direct reflected sun rays through aperture into corresponding room.

EFFECT: effective, uniform and economic illumination of rooms on all stories of house.

5 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of creating lighting systems using sunlight and can be used to save energy by saving electricity with additional illumination of premises, mainly residential, in the daytime from sunrise to sunset.

Known tubular solar lamp, consisting of a duct and nozzle; the solar conductor and the nozzle are made with an internal mirror surface, while the nozzle is made conical and equipped with a glass pipe for better light scattering, RU 2182287.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the presence of a very complex optical system, in particular a branched and extended network of optical fibers, which are of high cost. In addition, optical fibers must pass through or inside building structures (ceilings, walls). This reduces their strength, it is very laborious during installation, and during repair may require disassembly of the building structure.

A similar system, including a light guide, is presented according to the invention according to US patent No. 4246477. It has the same disadvantages as the analogue described above.

A device is known for lighting sunlight of the premises of a multi-storey building, comprising heliostats on the roof of the house; there are also mirrors receiving the rays reflected by the heliostat and reflecting in a given direction the light from the corresponding heliostat, US 4349245.

This technical solution is taken as a prototype of the present invention.

The disadvantage of this device is the fact that with its help it is advisable to illuminate only objects on the top floor of the house; for illumination of the lower floors, including the least lighted lower floors, this system in the presented form is not suitable; to illuminate the underlying floors, optical fibers will be required, which is associated with the above-mentioned disadvantages of analogues containing these elements.

The present invention is based on the solution of the problem of providing effective, uniform and economical sunlight illumination of the premises of a residential building located on all its floors.

According to the invention, this problem is solved due to the fact that in a device for lighting sunlight of a multi-storey apartment building containing heliostats placed on the roof of the house, the number of which corresponds to the number of illuminated objects, or other mirrors also equipped with tracking systems for keeping the sun in constant direction the light beam reflected by them, as well as the mirrors receiving these rays, each of which reflects light in a given direction from the corresponding heliostat, the heliostats are set Lena above the shaft, which is made inside the house, the walls of the rooms, opposite to their windows, have openings closed with transparent material that go into the shaft, while mirrors that receive and reflect light rays coming from the heliostats are located in the shaft, each mirror located opposite the corresponding opening and oriented so that the rays of light reflected by it pass through the opening into the corresponding room; heliostats can be covered with a transparent protective dome; heliostat mirrors can have varying degrees of opalescence for different floors of the house, decreasing in the direction from the upper floors to the lower; mirrors receiving and reflecting light rays from heliostats can be designed to diffuse light; mirrors receiving and reflecting light rays from heliostats can have two reflective surfaces located relative to each other at an angle greater than 180 °.

The applicant has not identified sources containing information on technical solutions identical to the present invention, which allows us to conclude that it meets the criterion of “novelty”.

The implementation of the distinguishing features of the invention provides lighting of rooms on all floors of the house without the use of optical fibers with all their inherent disadvantages. In addition, high uniformity of the lighting of the room is ensured, the shading of corners and other places obscured by objects in the room is eliminated, since light enters through a wide opening in the direction opposite to that in which light enters through the window. This is especially important when the room is deep.

The applicant has not found any sources of information containing information about the impact of the claimed distinctive features on the technical result achieved as a result of their implementation. This, according to the applicant, indicates that this technical solution meets the criterion of "inventive step".

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

figure 1 - diagram of the device in a perspective view; to simplify the drawing, sun rays are reflected, reflected only by two heliostats;

figure 2 is a schematic representation of a longitudinal section of a device; to simplify the drawing, only three heliostats and three mirrors are shown, from which light enters part of the premises; also, for simplicity, only four floors are depicted.

The device includes 2 heliostats 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 located on the roof of a residential building 1. The number of heliostats (ten in a specific example) corresponds to the number of illuminated rooms. Other mirrors can also be used as heliostats, also equipped with tracking systems for the position of the sun and preserving the constancy of the direction (in particular, vertical) of the light reflected by them, for example, the device according to US patent 4922088. The rays reflected by the heliostats are received by the mirrors 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22. Inside the house 2 there is a shaft 23 closed by walls (in Fig. 1. the upper part of the front wall is open). The heliostats are installed above the shaft 23. The walls of the living quarters, opposite the windows 24, have openings 25 facing the shaft and covered with transparent material, in particular glass.

Each of the mirrors 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 is located opposite the corresponding opening and is oriented so that the rays reflected by the mirror pass through the opening into the corresponding room.

In particular, the mirror 14 reflects the rays from the heliostat 3 and directs them inside the premises located on the fifth floor on the left of FIG. 1, and the mirror 13 - from the heliostat 4 inside the premises on the fifth floor on the right. In a specific example, the mirrors are grouped and reinforced in two: 13 and 14, 15 and 16, 17 and 18, 19 and 20, 21 and 22. This facilitates the access of light rays to the downstream mirrors.

In a specific example, the heliostats are closed by a transparent protective dome 26. The mirrors of the heliostats can have varying degrees of opalescence, decreasing in the direction from the upper floors to the lower ones, and are made of MC-14 glasses. This ensures equal illumination at all levels.

Mirrors receiving and reflecting light rays from heliostats are made with the possibility of scattering light and, in particular, are made of light-scattering glasses.

These mirrors can have two reflective surfaces located relative to each other at an angle greater than 180 ° (figure 3). This will provide some light scattering without the use of special scattering glasses and it is advisable if necessary lighting a wide room.

The device operates as follows.

Sunlight through a transparent dome 26 falls on heliostats 3-12, is reflected by their mirrors and is directed regardless of the position of the sun vertically down to mirrors 13-22. The latter reflect light through the openings 25 inside the premises of the apartment building 2 in the direction opposite to the direction of the light passing into the premises through the windows. Thus, shadows from objects blocking the path of light from windows are eliminated, lighting becomes more effective, soft and even. Complex and expensive light guides for delivering light to lower floors, as well as energy costs for additional lighting, are excluded. Openings 25 in the absence of sunlight can be closed by curtains. Closing and opening curtains can occur automatically using photocells installed in the openings 25, and a simple drive curtains.

Claims (5)

1. A device for lighting sunlight of the premises of a multi-storey residential building, containing heliostats located on the roof of the house, the number of which corresponds to the number of illuminated objects or other mirrors, also equipped with tracking systems for the position of the sun, preserving the constancy of the direction of the reflected light beam, as well as receiving these rays mirrors, each of which reflects in a given direction the light from the corresponding heliostat, characterized in that the heliostats are installed above the shaft, which flax inside the house, the walls of the rooms, opposite to their windows, have openings closed with transparent material that go into the shaft, while the mirrors receiving and reflecting light rays coming from the heliostats are located in the shaft, with each mirror opposite the corresponding opening and oriented so that reflected light rays pass through the opening into the corresponding room. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heliostats are closed by a transparent protective dome. 3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mirrors of the heliostats have a different degree of opalescence for different floors of the house, decreasing in the direction from the upper floors to the lower. 4. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the mirrors receiving and reflecting light rays from the heliostats are configured to scatter light. 5. The device according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the mirrors receiving and reflecting light rays from the heliostats have two reflective surfaces located relative to each other at an angle greater than 180 °.

Images