RU2233731C2 - Cutting tip - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: cutting tools for working metals.

SUBSTANCE: cutting tip includes recess or dent with working surface engaging respectively with dent or recess of seat of tool body at placing tip in seat.

EFFECT: possibility for self-fastening of tip in tool body at cutting process.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of metalworking.

Known cutting insert on.with. USSR No. 1495008 and No. 1611585, MKI V 23 V 27/16, containing for its fastening in the housing socket two working surfaces in contact with the corresponding working surfaces of the housing socket.

The disadvantages of this insert are the increased complexity of manufacturing the tool and the limited scope.

The objective of the invention is the elimination of this disadvantage.

To solve the problem:

 - it is provided with a protrusion or groove interacting respectively with a groove or protrusion of the housing socket, and one of the working surfaces is located on its protrusion or groove, and the other from the side of its side surface, while the working surfaces themselves and, accordingly, the protrusion or groove are made straight, located at an angle to each other or arcuate with eccentricity;

- the arched working surface of its protrusion or groove and the side surface is made in an arc of a circle, hyperbola, parabola, spiral, helical, conical;

- the lateral working surface is located above its base or above its groove;

- it is performed positive or negative;

- equipped with a console part;

- made with an additional protrusion or groove;

- made one-sided or multifaceted with an even or odd number of faces;

- located in the housing of the cutting tool with or without clearance;

- equipped with a contact surface for interaction after it is fixed with one of the parts of the cutting tool;

- its working peak is located in the friction circle or outside it;

- the center of curvature of the working vertex is aligned with the center of curvature of its face / supporting wall of the cutting tool body /;

- one of the working bearing surfaces is made rectilinear, and the other is arched;

- its cutting / s / blade / s / made / us / rectilinear or arched;

- one of the working bearing surfaces is located on the side, under or above the base, or on top of the front surface.

This design of the cutting insert reduces the complexity of manufacturing the tool by simplifying the shape of its body and reducing the number of parts, as well as expanding the scope of its application by performing with different geometries and from various materials.

The invention is illustrated by ten drawings, which depict several varieties of the cutting insert of the proposed design, located on the bodies of precast cutters.

Figure 1-10 shows the cutting insert with the bodies of the cutters, a top view, as well as a section of these parts. Figure 3, in addition, shows a view of the cutting insert from below - from the side of its base.

The cutting inserts in FIGS. 1 and 2 are provided with rectilinear protrusions, and in FIG. 3 - rectilinear grooves intersecting, which interact respectively with the rectilinear grooves and the protrusion of the housing.

The working supporting surfaces on these plates are located on the grooves and protrusions, as well as on the lateral working surfaces located above the base of the socket / Fig. 1 and 2 / and from above from the side / above / the front surface / Fig. 3/, are made rectilinear and are located under angle φ to each other.

The cutting inserts in FIGS. 4 and 5 are provided with arc protrusions, and in FIG. 6, intersecting arc grooves that interact respectively with the arc grooves and the protrusion of the tool body.

Working bearing surfaces on these plates are located respectively on the arc grooves and the protrusion of the housing, as well as on the side bearing surfaces made with eccentricity. The radius of the tongues and grooves - R _{in the} center -. O m _a, and the radius of the working surface of the side - wall of the housing - R _with center -. R O _s, i.e. they are made along an arc of a circle. In general, they can be made in the form of a hyperbola, parabola, spiral, screw, etc.

The lateral working supporting surface of the cutting insert (Fig. 5) is made conical with a tilting angle of the generatrix δ _k , which ensures more reliable fixing of the cutting insert to the housing due to its additional pressing to the base of the housing socket. The conical surface of this insert is shifted upward from the base by a value of l _c , which eliminates the possibility of the influence of inaccuracies in the manufacture of the cone on the pressing to the base of the insert.

The lateral working supporting surface of the cutting insert (Fig. 2) is located at an acute angle φ _c to its base, which also ensures its more reliable fastening to the housing due to its additional pressing to the base of the housing socket.

The cutting inserts (figures 1 and 4) are made positive, i.e. with a back angle α at the top and along the working blade - R.

The cutting inserts (figures 2, 3, 5 and 6) are negative, i.e. with zero rear angle. In this case, the necessary clearance angle is provided due to the corresponding orientation of the cutting insert on the tool body or due to the corresponding orientation of the tool body.

The cutting inserts (Figs. 1 and 4) are provided with additional protrusions of a width l _k located in the grooves of the body, so that part of the cutting plate can be a cantilever width l _n , which in turn provides an increase in the service life of the tool body.

The cutting inserts (figures 1, 2, 4 and 5) are made of one-sided, and in figures 3 and 6 - polyhedral with an even / 4 face / and an odd / 3 face / number of faces, respectively. Moreover, to ensure the possibility of their multiple use due to rotation, they are equipped with additional grooves, in the first case rectilinear, and in the second - two arc.

The lateral working surface of the cutting insert (Fig.6) is located above the grooves at a distance l ' _s , due to which, when clamping, additional pressing of the cutting insert to the base of the housing socket is provided.

The cutting inserts (Fig. 1) are located in the housing socket without a gap, and in Fig. 4 with a gap l _s .

The cutting insert (figure 2) is provided with an additional contact surface that comes into contact with one of the parts of the tool / in this case, with a cylindrical pin located in the hole of the housing / in t. K.

The center of curvature of the working top of the cutting insert (Fig. 4), so O _c / radius r / is aligned with the center of curvature of its face / supporting wall of the body / so O _c / radius R _s /. Thanks to this, high processing accuracy is ensured by eliminating the displacement of its working peak during operation.

The same effect / improving the accuracy of processing / is achieved in the case of the location of the working top of the insert and part of its cutting blade in the friction circle R _t and the center in t. About _s / Fig. 5/. Note that the friction circle is a surface whose intersection by the cutting force is not accompanied by a displacement / rotation / of the insert. In the general case, the working tip of the insert may be outside the friction circle.

The cutting blades of the cutting inserts can have a different shape, including rectilinear / Fig. 1, 4 and others /, arched / Fig. 6/ and others.

In Fig.7 presents a cutting plate equipped with an arc and at the same time a helical working supporting surface - In contacting with a similar helical surface of the tool body after fixing. This surface has a radius R _c and a center in t. About _with . At the same point is the center of curvature of the protrusion / groove / - point O _in and radius R _in , as well as the center of curvature of the radius of the vertex - r. A screw working surface in a section perpendicular to the protrusion / groove / is located at an angle δ _in to the base. In the general case, this angle may have a vertex not from the side of the side surface, as in Fig. 7, but from the side of the working top of the cutting insert, in addition, it can be made equal to zero.

On Fig shows a cutting insert in which one of the working bearing surfaces in contact after fixing with the supporting wall of the housing is made straightforward, and the other located on the protrusion / groove / is made of an arc radius R _in and the center at the point O _in . In turn, Fig. 9 shows a cutting insert in which, on the contrary, one working supporting surface / in contact with the supporting wall of the tool body / is made of an arc radius R _c and the center at the point O _c , and the other located on the protrusion / groove / , - made straightforward. The jamming angle φ of these cutting inserts in the first case / Fig. 8/ is maximum at point P and minimum at point T, and in the second case / Fig. 9/, on the contrary, is minimum at point P and maximum at point T.

The protrusion / groove / of the cutting insert / Fig. 8/ is located in front of the supporting wall of the tool body, and for the cutting tool / Fig. 9/, on the contrary, behind it. All other cutting inserts described incl. higher.

Figure 10 shows the cutting insert, in which the protrusion / groove / and accordingly located on it one of the working bearing surfaces in a section perpendicular to it, are made at an angle δ _n to its base. This design allows additional pressing of the cutting insert to the base of the socket of the tool body after fixing.

Clamping of the cutting inserts on the tool bodies is carried out by applying the force P _s to them, and expanding by applying the force P _p to them.

Tools with these plates move in the feed direction S.

The front surface of the cutting inserts can be either flat or shaped in various geometries to ensure chip breaking.

Cutting inserts can be made of various tool materials, including from hard alloys and high-speed steels, both entirely and partially, for example, the cutting part of the plate is made of superhard material, and the rest is made of steel, etc.

Cutting inserts can be either grindable or non-grindable.

Claims (1)

A cutting insert located in the socket of the tool housing and containing two working surfaces for fixing it in the socket of the housing in contact with the corresponding working surfaces of the housing socket, characterized in that it is provided with a protrusion or groove interacting respectively with a groove or protrusion of the housing socket, and one of working surfaces located on its protrusion or groove, and the other on the side of its lateral surface, while the working surfaces themselves and, accordingly, the protrusion or groove are made rectilinear, laid at an angle to each other or arcuate with eccentricity.

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